Semester 1 Exam World Geography
Which area experiences the midnight sun
Arctic or Antarctic circle
Where do the largest concentrations of Asians and Pacific Islanders live in the U.S.
Atlantic coast & Pacific coast
The dry area between the Pacific Ranges and the Rocky Mountains
Columbia Plateau
What is the term for the generally windless area near the Equator
Doldrums
The eastern United States boundary where the elevated Piedmont area drops to the lower Atlantic Coastal Plain
Fall line
A region that includes a central city and its surrounding suburbs
Functional Region
What does human geography examine
Human activities and their relationships to the culture and physical environment
What three areas of Earth work together so life in the biosphere thrives
Hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere
Which term refers to early centers of civilization whose ideas and practices spread to surrounding areas
Industrial Revolution
_________________, or the belief that the individual's loyalty to the nation or state surpasses other interests, can lead to war in its most extreme forms.
Nationalism
How places, people, or objects are related to one another across the surface of the Earth
Spatial perspective
Which two U.S. states have the largest petroleum reserves
Texas & Alaska
Causes winds to blow to clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere
The Coriolis effect
A specific spot or position on Earth's surface
absolute location
How does the demographic transition model explain change over time in the population of a country or region
by showing the death & birth rates
What effect does cool temperature have on air
causes air to sink
The theory that Earth's continents were once joined and then drifted slowly apart
continental drift
The industrial revolution is considered an era of rapid ________________ because new technology enables culture traits to spread more quickly from one culture to another
cultural diffusion
The spread of material and non-material characteristics from one culture to another
cultural diffusion
The way of life of a group of people who share beliefs, customs, and material items
culture
A physical feature that determines the direction of the river flow
divide
A phenomenon in which the pattern of ocean currents and water temperatures in the mid-pacific region reverse
el nino
A day on which the sun is directly over the Equator
equinox
The effect of an external force such as wind, glaciers, and moving water on Earth's surface
erosion
People who share common ancestry, language, religion, customs, or place of origin
ethnic groups
Where is Earth's freshwater supply located
frozen in ice caps, trapped underground, rivers, streams, and lakes
Imaginary lines that follow Earth's curvature to identify the shortest distance between two points are called
great circle route
What causes solar radiation to warm to earth
greenhouse effect
A source of freshwater from rain or snow that filtered through soil or rock
groundwater
The difference between an area's birthrate and its death rate
growth rate
California's Silicon Valley; Seattle, Washington; and Austin, Texas are urban areas that have become leaders in the _________________ industry.
high tech
A powerful tropical storm that forms over warm ocean waters
hurricane
The location of all Earth's water
hydrosphere
the surface layer of Earth that includes the crust, continents, and ocean basins
lithosphere
What is the Earth's thickest layer
mantle
A region in the northeastern and midwestern United States characterized by its heavy industrial concentraton
manufacturing belt
A mathematically-derived portrayal of the round globe on a flat surface
map projection
Though modern geographers use information from economics, sociology, history, and many other school subjects, before modern computers, geographers most heavily relied on skills in
math
A political border that is established by a physical geographic feature such as a mountain range or river is a
natural boundary
Permanently frozen soil beneath the ground's surface
permafrost
Scientists theorize that Earth's largest physical features are created by
plate tectonics
The position of one place in reference to the positions of other places
relative location
An indicator of variation above or below sea level
relief
Different maps can accurately show the same place with different
scale
A day on which the sun is directly over the Tropic of Cancer or the Tropic of Capricorn
solstice
when it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, what season is it in the Southern Hemisphere
summer
Since the 1960s, the population of the Manufacturing Belt has declined while the number of businesses moving to the ___________________ has increased.
sun belt
What classifies our solar system's four inner planets as terrestial
their solid, rocky, crusts
Why is it important to protect wetlands and swamps such as Florida's Everglades
they shelter a great variety of vegetation & wildlife
Longitude lines indicate
west, east, and prime meridian
