Sensation and perception

Top down processing

how we interpret those sensations is influenced by our available knowledge, our experiences, and our thoughts

Attention Role

Attention plays a significant role in what is sensed vs what is perceived - Serve evolutionary purposes

High-frequency sound waves are perceived as blank, while low-frequency sound waves are perceived as blank

High-frequency sound waves are perceived as high-pitched sounds, while low-frequency sound waves are perceived as low-pitched sounds.

Longer wavelengths will have blank frequencies, shorter wavelengths have blank frequencies

Longer wavelengths will have lower frequencies, shorter wavelengths have higher frequencies

example of top down processing

Next time you see fire you perceived it as hot before

Sound Waves

The frequency of a sound wave is associated with our perception of that sound's pitch.

Example of Signal detection theory

This might also explain why a mother is awakened by a quiet murmur from her baby but not by other sounds that occur while she is asleep.

Transduction

Transduction- the conversion from sensory stimulus energy to an action potential

True/ False:Not all sensations result in perception

True

Visible Spectrum Color Associations

Within the visible spectrum, our experience of red is associated with longer wavelengths, greens are intermediate, and blues and violets are shorter in wavelength.

sensory adaptation

a decrease in sensitivity to a constant level of stimulation Example: hear tick over time u do not, have adapated

Loudness is measured in

decibals

bottom-up processing example

first time you touched fire the signal was sent from the environment to your brain and you pulled your hand away

Pain perception

inflammatory pain- signals tissue damage

absolute threshold

minimum amount of stimulus energy that must be present to be detected 50 percent of the time

Wavelength

refers to the length of a wave from one peak to the next.

Bottom up processing

perceptions are built from sensory input

frequency

refers to the number of waves that pass a given point in a given time period and is often expressed in terms of hertz (Hz)

Perception

refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced.

Signal detection theory

the ability to identify a stimulus when it is embedded in a distracting background

Gestalt psych regarding brain perception

the brain creates a perception that is more than simply the sum of available sensory inputs, and it does so in predictable ways

Frequency

the number of waves that pass a given point in a given time period ( Expressed in Hertz (hz) or cycles per second)

Visible spectrum-

the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that we can see

Perception and example

the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced Perception is psychological Example: eyes and brain interpret colors and know it's a gorgeous sunrise

Similarity-( Gestalt)

things that are alike tend to be grouped together

Proximity ( Gestalt)

things that are close to one another tend to be grouped together

5 Senses

vision, hearing (audition), smell (olfaction), taste (gustation), and touch

amplitude

wave is the height of a wave as measured from the highest point on the wave (peak or crest) to the lowest point on the wave (trough).

Continuity ( Gestalt)

we are more likely to perceive continuous, smooth flowing lines rather than jagged, broken lines

Principle of closure ( Gestalt)

we organize our perceptions into complete objects rather than as a series of parts

Subliminal message

we receive them but aren't consciously aware of them

Sensation

when sensory information has been detected by a sensory receptor - physical