Sensation and perception
Top down processing
how we interpret those sensations is influenced by our available knowledge, our experiences, and our thoughts
Attention Role
Attention plays a significant role in what is sensed vs what is perceived - Serve evolutionary purposes
High-frequency sound waves are perceived as blank, while low-frequency sound waves are perceived as blank
High-frequency sound waves are perceived as high-pitched sounds, while low-frequency sound waves are perceived as low-pitched sounds.
Longer wavelengths will have blank frequencies, shorter wavelengths have blank frequencies
Longer wavelengths will have lower frequencies, shorter wavelengths have higher frequencies
example of top down processing
Next time you see fire you perceived it as hot before
Sound Waves
The frequency of a sound wave is associated with our perception of that sound's pitch.
Example of Signal detection theory
This might also explain why a mother is awakened by a quiet murmur from her baby but not by other sounds that occur while she is asleep.
Transduction
Transduction- the conversion from sensory stimulus energy to an action potential
True/ False:Not all sensations result in perception
True
Visible Spectrum Color Associations
Within the visible spectrum, our experience of red is associated with longer wavelengths, greens are intermediate, and blues and violets are shorter in wavelength.
sensory adaptation
a decrease in sensitivity to a constant level of stimulation Example: hear tick over time u do not, have adapated
Loudness is measured in
decibals
bottom-up processing example
first time you touched fire the signal was sent from the environment to your brain and you pulled your hand away
Pain perception
inflammatory pain- signals tissue damage
absolute threshold
minimum amount of stimulus energy that must be present to be detected 50 percent of the time
Wavelength
refers to the length of a wave from one peak to the next.
Bottom up processing
perceptions are built from sensory input
frequency
refers to the number of waves that pass a given point in a given time period and is often expressed in terms of hertz (Hz)
Perception
refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced.
Signal detection theory
the ability to identify a stimulus when it is embedded in a distracting background
Gestalt psych regarding brain perception
the brain creates a perception that is more than simply the sum of available sensory inputs, and it does so in predictable ways
Frequency
the number of waves that pass a given point in a given time period ( Expressed in Hertz (hz) or cycles per second)
Visible spectrum-
the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that we can see
Perception and example
the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced Perception is psychological Example: eyes and brain interpret colors and know it's a gorgeous sunrise
Similarity-( Gestalt)
things that are alike tend to be grouped together
Proximity ( Gestalt)
things that are close to one another tend to be grouped together
5 Senses
vision, hearing (audition), smell (olfaction), taste (gustation), and touch
amplitude
wave is the height of a wave as measured from the highest point on the wave (peak or crest) to the lowest point on the wave (trough).
Continuity ( Gestalt)
we are more likely to perceive continuous, smooth flowing lines rather than jagged, broken lines
Principle of closure ( Gestalt)
we organize our perceptions into complete objects rather than as a series of parts
Subliminal message
we receive them but aren't consciously aware of them
Sensation
when sensory information has been detected by a sensory receptor - physical
