Set 2
A
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is reviewing and revising system configuration and hardening guides that were developed internally and have been used several years to secure the organization's systems. The CISO knows improvements can be made to the guides. Which of the following would be the BEST source of reference during the revision process? A. CVE database B. Internal security assessment reports C. Industry-accepted standards D. External vulnerability scan reports E. Vendor-specific implementation guides
D
A breach was caused by an insider threat in which customer PII was compromised. Following the breach, a lead security analyst is asked to determine which vulnerabilities the attacker used to access company resources. Which of the following should the analyst use to remediate the vulnerabilities? A. Protocol analyzer B. Root cause analysis C. Behavioral analytics D. Data leak prevention
E
A company has gone through a round of phishing attacks. More than 200 users have had their workstation infected because they clicked on a link in an email. An incident analysis has determined an executable ran and compromised the administrator account on each workstation. Management is demanding the information security team prevent this from happening again. Which of the following would BEST prevent this from happening again? A. Antivirus B. Patch management C. Log monitoring D. Application whitelisting E. Awareness training
A
A company's existing forward proxies support software-based TLS decryption, but are currently at 60% load just dealing with AV scanning and content analysis for HTTP traffic. More than 70% outbound web traffic is currently encrypted. The switching and routing network infrastructure precludes adding capacity, preventing the installation of a dedicated TLS decryption system. The network firewall infrastructure is currently at 30% load and has software decryption modules that can be activated by purchasing additional license keys. An existing project is rolling out agent updates to end-user desktops as part of an endpoint security refresh. Which of the following is the BEST way to address these issues and mitigate risks to the organization? A. Purchase the SSL, decryption license for the firewalls and route traffic back to the proxies for enduser categorization and malware analysis. B. Roll out application whitelisting to end-user desktops and decommission the existing proxies, freeing up network ports. C. Use an EDP solution to address the malware issue and accept the diminishing role of the proxy for URL categorization in the short team. D. Accept the current risk and seek possible funding approval in the next budget cycle to replace the existing proxies with ones with more capacity.
A
A consultant is hired to perform a passive vulnerability assessment of a company to determine what information might be collected about the company and its employees. The assessment will be considered successful if the consultant can discover the name of one of the IT administrators. Which of the following is MOST likely to produce the needed information? A. Whois B. DNS enumeration C. Vulnerability scanner D. Fingerprinting
D
A database administrator is required to adhere to and implement privacy principles when executing daily tasks. A manager directs the administrator to reduce the number of unique instances of PII stored within an organization's systems to the greatest extent possible. Which of the following principles is being demonstrated? A. Administrator accountability B. PII security C. Record transparency D. Data minimization
C
A government organization operates and maintains several ICS environments. The categorization of one of the ICS environments led to a moderate baseline. The organization has complied a set of applicable security controls based on this categorization. Given that this is a unique environment, which of the following should the organization do NEXT to determine if other security controls should be considered? A. Check for any relevant or required overlays. B. Review enhancements within the current control set. C. Modify to a high-baseline set of controls. D. Perform continuous monitoring.
D
A recent CRM upgrade at a branch office was completed after the desired deadline. Several technical issues were found during the upgrade and need to be discussed in depth before the next branch office is upgraded. Which of the following should be used to identify weak processes and other vulnerabilities? A. Gap analysis B. Benchmarks and baseline results C. Risk assessment D. Lessons learned report
C,D
A large enterprise with thousands of users is experiencing a relatively high frequency of malicious activity from the insider threats. Much of the activity appears to involve internal reconnaissance that results in targeted attacks against privileged users and network file shares. Given this scenario, which of the following would MOST likely prevent or deter these attacks? (Choose two.) A. Conduct role-based training for privileged users that highlights common threats against them and covers best practices to thwart attacks B. Increase the frequency at which host operating systems are scanned for vulnerabilities, and decrease the amount of time permitted between vulnerability identification and the application of corresponding patches C. Enforce command shell restrictions via group policies for all workstations by default to limit which native operating system tools are available for use D. Modify the existing rules of behavior to include an explicit statement prohibiting users from enumerating user and file directories using available tools and/or accessing visible resources that do not directly pertain to their job functions E. For all workstations, implement full-disk encryption and configure UEFI instances to require complex passwords for authentication F. Implement application blacklisting enforced by the operating systems of all machines in the enterprise
C
A managed service provider is designing a log aggregation service for customers who no longer want to manage an internal SIEM infrastructure. The provider expects that customers will send all types of logs to them, and that log files could contain very sensitive entries. Customers have indicated they want on-premises and cloud-based infrastructure logs to be stored in this new service. An engineer, who is designing the new service, is deciding how to segment customers. Which of the following is the BEST statement for the engineer to take into consideration? A. Single-tenancy is often more expensive and has less efficient resource utilization. Multitenancy may increase the risk of cross-customer exposure in the event of service vulnerabilities. B. The managed service provider should outsource security of the platform to an existing cloud company. This will allow the new log service to be launched faster and with well-tested security controls. C. Due to the likelihood of large log volumes, the service provider should use a multitenancy model for the data storage tier, enable data deduplication for storage cost efficiencies, and encrypt data at rest. D. The most secure design approach would be to give customers on-premises appliances, install agents on endpoints, and then remotely manage the service via a VPN.
B
A medical device company is implementing a new COTS antivirus solution in its manufacturing plant. All validated machines and instruments must be retested for interoperability with the new software. Which of the following would BEST ensure the software and instruments are working as designed? A. System design documentation B. User acceptance testing C. Peer review D. Static code analysis testing E. Change control documentation
C,D
A medical facility wants to purchase mobile devices for doctors and nurses. To ensure accountability, each individual will be assigned a separate mobile device. Additionally, to protect patients' health information, management has identified the following requirements: Data must be encrypted at rest. The device must be disabled if it leaves the facility. The device must be disabled when tampered with. Which of the following technologies would BEST support these requirements? (Choose two.) A. eFuse B. NFC C. GPS D. Biometric E. USB 4.1 F. MicroSD
D
A network engineer is attempting to design-in resiliency characteristics for an enterprise network's VPN services. If the engineer wants to help ensure some resilience against zero-day vulnerabilities exploited against the VPN implementation, which of the following decisions would BEST support this objective? A. Implement a reverse proxy for VPN traffic that is defended and monitored by the organization's SOC with near-real-time alerting to administrators. B. Subscribe to a managed service provider capable of supporting the mitigation of advanced DDoS attacks on the enterprise's pool of VPN concentrators. C. Distribute the VPN concentrators across multiple systems at different physical sites to ensure some backup services are available in the event of primary site loss. D. Employ a second VPN layer concurrently where the other layer's cryptographic implementation is sourced from a different vendor.
B,F
A new cluster of virtual servers has been set up in a lab environment and must be audited before being allowed on the production network. The security manager needs to ensure unnecessary services are disabled and all system accounts are using strong credentials. Which of the following tools should be used? (Choose two.) A. Fuzzer B. SCAP scanner C. Packet analyzer D. Password cracker E. Network enumerator F. SIEM
A
A newly hired security analyst has joined an established SOC team. Not long after going through corporate orientation, a new attack method on web-based applications was publicly revealed. The security analyst immediately brings this new information to the team lead, but the team lead is not concerned about it. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the team lead's position? A. The organization has accepted the risks associated with web-based threats. B. The attack type does not meet the organization's threat model. C. Web-based applications are on isolated network segments. D. Corporate policy states that NIPS signatures must be updated every hour.
B
A penetration tester noticed special characters in a database table. The penetration tester configured the browser to use an HTTP interceptor to verify that the front-end user registration web form accepts invalid input in the user's age field. The developer was notified and asked to fix the issue. Which of the following is the MOST secure solution for the developer to implement? A. IF $AGE == "!@#$%^&*()_+<>?":{}[]" THEN ERROR B. IF $AGE == [1234567890] {1,3} THEN CONTINUE C. IF $AGE != "a-bA-Z!@#$%^&*()_+<>?":{}[]" THEN CONTINUE D. IF $AGE == [1-0] {0,2} THEN CONTINUE
B
A security administrator wants to implement two-factor authentication for network switches and routers. The solution should integrate with the company's RADIUS server, which is used for authentication to the network infrastructure devices. The security administrator implements the following: An HOTP service is installed on the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server is configured to require the HOTP service for authentication. The configuration is successfully tested using a software supplicant and enforced across all network devices. Network administrators report they are unable to log onto the network devices because they are not being prompted for the second factor. Which of the following should be implemented to BEST resolve the issue? A. Replace the password requirement with the second factor. Network administrators will enter their username and then enter the token in place of their password in the password field. B. Configure the RADIUS server to accept the second factor appended to the password. Network administrators will enter a password followed by their token in the password field. C. Reconfigure network devices to prompt for username, password, and a token. Network administrators will enter their username and password, and then they will enter the token. D. Install a TOTP service on the RADIUS server in addition to the HOTP service. Use the HOTP on older devices that do not support two-factor authentication. Network administrators will use a web portal to log onto these devices.
D
A security analyst has requested network engineers integrate sFlow into the SOC's overall monitoring picture. For this to be a useful addition to the monitoring capabilities, which of the following must be considered by the engineering team? A. Effective deployment of network taps B. Overall bandwidth available at Internet PoP C. Optimal placement of log aggregators D. Availability of application layer visualizers
A
A security analyst is attempting to break into a client's secure network. The analyst was not given prior information about the client, except for a block of public IP addresses that are currently in use. After network enumeration, the analyst's NEXT step is to perform: A. a gray-box penetration test B. a risk analysis C. a vulnerability assessment D. an external security audit E. a red team exercise
A
A security analyst is inspecting pseudocode of the following multithreaded application: Which of the following security concerns is evident in the above pseudocode? A. Time of check/time of use B. Resource exhaustion C. Improper storage of sensitive data D. Privilege escalation
D
A security analyst is troubleshooting a scenario in which an operator should only be allowed to reboot remote hosts but not perform other activities. The analyst inspects the following portions of different configuration files: Configuration file 1: Operator ALL=/sbin/reboot Configuration file 2: Command="/sbin/shutdown now", no-x11-forwarding, no-pty, ssh-dss Configuration file 3: Operator:x:1000:1000::/home/operator:/bin/bash Which of the following explains why an intended operator cannot perform the intended action? A. The sudoers file is locked down to an incorrect command B. SSH command shell restrictions are misconfigured C. The passwd file is misconfigured D. The SSH command is not allowing a pty session
A
A security analyst sees some suspicious entries in a log file from a web server website, which has a form that allows customers to leave feedback on the company's products. The analyst believes a malicious actor is scanning the web form. To know which security controls to put in place, the analyst first needs to determine the type of activity occurring to design a control. Given the log below: Which of the following is the MOST likely type of activity occurring? A. SQL injection B. XSS scanning C. Fuzzing D. Brute forcing
A
A security architect is designing a system to satisfy user demand for reduced transaction time, increased security and message integrity, and improved cryptographic security. The resultant system will be used in an environment with a broad user base where many asynchronous transactions occur every minute and must be publicly verifiable. Which of the following solutions BEST meets all of the architect's objectives? A. An internal key infrastructure that allows users to digitally sign transaction logs B. An agreement with an entropy-as-a-service provider to increase the amount of randomness in generated keys. C. A publicly verified hashing algorithm that allows revalidation of message integrity at a future date. D. An open distributed transaction ledger that requires proof of work to append entries.
B
A security architect is determining the best solution for a new project. The project is developing a new intranet with advanced authentication capabilities, SSO for users, and automated provisioning to streamline Day 1 access to systems. The security architect has identified the following requirements: 1. Information should be sourced from the trusted master data source. 2. There must be future requirements for identity proofing of devices and users. 3. A generic identity connector that can be reused must be developed. 4. The current project scope is for internally hosted applications only. Which of the following solution building blocks should the security architect use to BEST meet the requirements? A. LDAP, multifactor authentication, OAuth, XACML B. AD, certificate-based authentication, Kerberos, SPML C. SAML, context-aware authentication, OAuth, WAYF D. NAC, radius, 802.1x, centralized active directory
C
A security engineer is embedded with a development team to ensure security is built into products being developed. The security engineer wants to ensure developers are not blocked by a large number of security requirements applied at specific schedule points. Which of the following solutions BEST meets the engineer's goal? A. Schedule weekly reviews of al unit test results with the entire development team and follow up between meetings with surprise code inspections. B. Develop and implement a set of automated security tests to be installed on each development team leader's workstation. C. Enforce code quality and reuse standards into the requirements definition phase of the waterfall development process. D. Deploy an integrated software tool that builds and tests each portion of code committed by developers and provides feedback.
A
A security engineer is performing an assessment again for a company. The security engineer examines the following output from the review: Which of the following tools is the engineer utilizing to perform this assessment? A. Vulnerability scanner B. SCAP scanner C. Port scanner D. Interception proxy
D
A security engineer is working with a software development team. The engineer is tasked with ensuring all security requirements are adhered to by the developers. Which of the following BEST describes the contents of the supporting document the engineer is creating? A. A series of ad-hoc tests that each verify security control functionality of the entire system at once. B. A series of discrete tasks that, when viewed in total, can be used to verify and document each individual constraint from the SRTM. C. A set of formal methods that apply to one or more of the programing languages used on the development project. D. A methodology to verify each security control in each unit of developed code prior to committing the code.
D
A security researcher is gathering information about a recent spoke in the number of targeted attacks against multinational banks. The spike is on top of already sustained attacks against the banks. Some of the previous attacks have resulted in the loss of sensitive data, but as of yet the attackers have not successfully stolen any funds. Based on the information available to the researcher, which of the following is the MOST likely threat profile? A. Nation-state-sponsored attackers conducting espionage for strategic gain. B. Insiders seeking to gain access to funds for illicit purposes. C. Opportunists seeking notoriety and fame for personal gain. D. Hacktivists seeking to make a political statement because of socio-economic factors.
B,D
A security technician is incorporating the following requirements in an RFP for a new SIEM: New security notifications must be dynamically implemented by the SIEM engine The SIEM must be able to identify traffic baseline anomalies Anonymous attack data from all customers must augment attack detection and risk scoring Based on the above requirements, which of the following should the SIEM support? (Choose two.) A. Autoscaling search capability B. Machine learning C. Multisensor deployment D. Big Data analytics E. Cloud-based management F. Centralized log aggregation
D
A software development manager is running a project using agile development methods. The company cybersecurity engineer has noticed a high number of vulnerabilities have been making it into production code on the project. Which of the following methods could be used in addition to an integrated development environment to reduce the severity of the issue? A. Conduct a penetration test on each function as it is developed B. Develop a set of basic checks for common coding errors C. Adopt a waterfall method of software development D. Implement unit tests that incorporate static code analyzers
A
A systems administrator has installed a disk wiping utility on all computers across the organization and configured it to perform a seven-pass wipe and an additional pass to overwrite the disk with zeros. The company has also instituted a policy that requires users to erase files containing sensitive information when they are no longer needed. To ensure the process provides the intended results, an auditor reviews the following content from a randomly selected decommissioned hard disk: Which of the following should be included in the auditor's report based on the above findings? A. The hard disk contains bad sectors B. The disk has been degaussed. C. The data represents part of the disk BIOS. D. Sensitive data might still be present on the hard drives.
A,F
A systems administrator recently joined an organization and has been asked to perform a security assessment of controls on the organization's file servers, which contain client data from a number of sensitive systems. The administrator needs to compare documented access requirements to the access implemented within the file system. Which of the following is MOST likely to be reviewed during the assessment? (Choose two.) A. Access control list B. Security requirements traceability matrix C. Data owner matrix D. Roles matrix E. Data design document F. Data access policies
A,D
A threat advisory alert was just emailed to the IT security staff. The alert references specific types of host operating systems that can allow an unauthorized person to access files on a system remotely. A fix was recently published, but it requires a recent endpoint protection engine to be installed prior to running the fix. Which of the following MOST likely need to be configured to ensure the system are mitigated accordingly? (Choose two.) A. Antivirus B. HIPS C. Application whitelisting D. Patch management E. Group policy implementation F. Firmware updates
C
A user asks a security practitioner for recommendations on securing a home network. The user recently purchased a connected home assistant and multiple IoT devices in an effort to automate the home. Some of the IoT devices are wearables, and other are installed in the user's automobiles. The current home network is configured as a single flat network behind an ISPsupplied router. The router has a single IP address, and the router performs NAT on incoming traffic to route it to individual devices. Which of the following security controls would address the user's privacy concerns and provide the BEST level of security for the home network? A. Ensure all IoT devices are configured in a geofencing mode so the devices do not work when removed from the home network. Disable the home assistant unless actively using it, and segment the network so each IoT device has its own segment. B. Install a firewall capable of cryptographically separating network traffic, require strong authentication to access all IoT devices, and restrict network access for the home assistant based on time-of-day restrictions. C. Segment the home network to separate network traffic from users and the IoT devices, ensure security settings on the home assistant support no or limited recording capability, and install firewall rules on the router to restrict traffic to the home assistant as much as possible. D. Change all default passwords on the IoT devices, disable Internet access for the IoT devices and the home assistant, obtain routable IP addresses for all devices, and implement IPv6 and IPSec protections on all network traffic.
C
An enterprise with global sites processes and exchanges highly sensitive information that is protected under several countries' arms trafficking laws. There is new information that malicious nation-state-sponsored activities are targeting the use of encryption between the geographically disparate sites. The organization currently employs ECDSA and ECDH with P-384, SHA-384, and AES-256-GCM on VPNs between sites. Which of the following techniques would MOST likely improve the resilience of the enterprise to attack on cryptographic implementation? A. Add a second-layer VPN from a different vendor between sites. B. Upgrade the cipher suite to use an authenticated AES mode of operation. C. Use a stronger elliptic curve cryptography algorithm. D. Implement an IDS with sensors inside (clear-text) and outside (cipher-text) of each tunnel between sites. E. Ensure cryptography modules are kept up to date from vendor supplying them.
B
An information security manager is concerned that connectivity used to configure and troubleshoot critical network devices could be attacked. The manager has tasked a network security engineer with meeting the following requirements: Encrypt all traffic between the network engineer and critical devices. Segregate the different networking planes as much as possible. Do not let access ports impact configuration tasks. Which of the following would be the BEST recommendation for the network security engineer to present? A. Deploy control plane protections. B. Use SSH over out-of-band management. C. Force only TACACS to be allowed. D. Require the use of certificates for AAA.
D
An information security officer is responsible for one secure network and one office network. Recent intelligence suggests there is an opportunity for attackers to gain access to the secure network due to similar login credentials across networks. To determine the users who should change their information, the information security officer uses a tool to scan a file with hashed values on both networks and receives the following data: Which of the following tools was used to gather this information from the hashed values in the file? A. Vulnerability scanner B. Fuzzer C. MD5 generator D. Password cracker E. Protocol analyzer
C
An internal staff member logs into an ERP platform and clicks on a record. The browser URL changes to: URL: http://192.168.0.100/ERP/accountId=5&action=SELECT Which of the following is the MOST likely vulnerability in this ERP platform? A. Brute forcing of account credentials B. Plain-text credentials transmitted over the Internet C. Insecure direct object reference D. SQL injection of ERP back end
D
An organization enables BYOD but wants to allow users to access the corporate email, calendar, and contacts from their devices. The data associated with the user's accounts is sensitive, and therefore, the organization wants to comply with the following requirements: Active full-device encryption Enabled remote-device wipe Blocking unsigned applications Containerization of email, calendar, and contacts Which of the following technical controls would BEST protect the data from attack or loss and meet the above requirements? A. Require frequent password changes and disable NFC. B. Enforce device encryption and activate MAM. C. Install a mobile antivirus application. D. Configure and monitor devices with an MDM.
A
An organization has established the following controls matrix: The following control sets have been defined by the organization and are applied in aggregate fashion: Systems containing PII are protected with the minimum control set. Systems containing medical data are protected at the moderate level. Systems containing cardholder data are protected at the high level. The organization is preparing to deploy a system that protects the confidentially of a database containing PII and medical data from clients. Based on the controls classification, which of the following controls would BEST meet these requirements? A. Proximity card access to the server room, context-based authentication, UPS, and full-disk encryption for the database server. B. Cipher lock on the server room door, FDE, surge protector, and static analysis of all application code. C. Peer review of all application changes, static analysis of application code, UPS, and penetration testing of the complete system. D. Intrusion detection capabilities, network-based IPS, generator, and context-based authentication.
B
An organization is considering the use of a thin client architecture as it moves to a cloud-hosted environment. A security analyst is asked to provide thoughts on the security advantages of using thin clients and virtual workstations. Which of the following are security advantages of the use of this combination of thin clients and virtual workstations? A. Malicious insiders will not have the opportunity to tamper with data at rest and affect the integrity of the system. B. Thin client workstations require much less security because they lack storage and peripherals that can be easily compromised, and the virtual workstations are protected in the cloud where security is outsourced. C. All thin clients use TPM for core protection, and virtual workstations use vTPM for core protection with both equally ensuring a greater security advantage for a cloud-hosted environment. D. Malicious users will have reduced opportunities for data extractions from their physical thin client workstations, this reducing the effectiveness of local attacks.
B
An organization is currently working with a client to migrate data between a legacy ERP system and a cloud-based ERP tool using a global PaaS provider. As part of the engagement, the organization is performing data deduplication and sanitization of client data to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the need to sanitize the client data? A. Data aggregation B. Data sovereignty C. Data isolation D. Data volume E. Data analytics
C
An organization is engaged in international business operations and is required to comply with various legal frameworks. In addition to changes in legal frameworks, which of the following is a primary purpose of a compliance management program? A. Following new requirements that result from contractual obligations B. Answering requests from auditors that relate to e-discovery C. Responding to changes in regulatory requirements D. Developing organizational policies that relate to hiring and termination procedures
A
An organization's network engineering team recently deployed a new software encryption solution to ensure the confidentiality of data at rest, which was found to add 300ms of latency to data readwrite requests in storage, impacting business operations. Which of the following alternative approaches would BEST address performance requirements while meeting the intended security objective? A. Employ hardware FDE or SED solutions. B. Utilize a more efficient cryptographic hash function. C. Replace HDDs with SSD arrays. D. Use a FIFO pipe a multithreaded software solution.
C
Ann, a member of the finance department at a large corporation, has submitted a suspicious email she received to the information security team. The team was not expecting an email from Ann, and it contains a PDF file inside a ZIP compressed archive. The information security team is not sure which files were opened. A security team member uses an air-gapped PC to open the ZIP and PDF, and it appears to be a social engineering attempt to deliver an exploit. Which of the following would provide greater insight on the potential impact of this attempted attack? A. Run an antivirus scan on the finance PC. B. Use a protocol analyzer on the air-gapped PC. C. Perform reverse engineering on the document. D. Analyze network logs for unusual traffic. E. Run a baseline analyzer against the user's computer.
D,E,F
As a result of an acquisition, a new development team is being integrated into the company. The development team has BYOD laptops with IDEs installed, build servers, and code repositories that utilize SaaS. To have the team up and running effectively, a separate Internet connection has been procured. A stand up has identified the following additional requirements: 1. Reuse of the existing network infrastructure 2. Acceptable use policies to be enforced 3. Protection of sensitive files 4. Access to the corporate applications Which of the following solution components should be deployed to BEST meet the requirements? (Choose three.) A. IPSec VPN B. HIDS C. Wireless controller D. Rights management E. SSL VPN F. NAC G. WAF H. Load balancer
A
At a meeting, the systems administrator states the security controls a company wishes to implement seem excessive, since all of the information on the company's web servers can be obtained publicly and is not proprietary in any way. The next day the company's website is defaced as part of an SQL injection attack, and the company receives press inquiries about the message the attackers displayed on the website. Which of the following is the FIRST action the company should take? A. Refer to and follow procedures from the company's incident response plan. B. Call a press conference to explain that the company has been hacked. C. Establish chain of custody for all systems to which the systems administrator has access. D. Conduct a detailed forensic analysis of the compromised system. E. Inform the communications and marketing department of the attack details.
A
Company.org has requested a black-box security assessment be performed on key cyber terrain. One area of concern is the company's SMTP services. The security assessor wants to run reconnaissance before taking any additional action and wishes to determine which SMTP server is Internet-facing. Which of the following commands should the assessor use to determine this information? A. dnsrecon -d company.org -t SOA B. dig company.org mx C. nc -v company.org D. whois company.org
D
Due to a recent breach, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) has requested the following activities be conducted during incident response planning: Involve business owners and stakeholders Create an applicable scenario Conduct a biannual verbal review of the incident response plan Report on the lessons learned and gaps identified Which of the following exercises has the CEO requested? A. Parallel operations B. Full transition C. Internal review D. Tabletop E. Partial simulation
A
During a security assessment, activities were divided into two phases: internal and external exploitation. The security assessment team set a hard time limit on external activities before moving to a compromised box within the enterprise perimeter. Which of the following methods is the assessment team most likely to employ NEXT? A. Pivoting from the compromised, moving laterally through the enterprise, and trying to exfiltrate data and compromise devices. B. Conducting a social engineering attack attempt with the goal of accessing the compromised box physically. C. Exfiltrating network scans from the compromised box as a precursor to social media reconnaissance D. Open-source intelligence gathering to identify the network perimeter and scope to enable further system compromises.
C
Engineers at a company believe a certain type of data should be protected from competitors, but the data owner insists the information is not sensitive. An information security engineer is implementing controls to secure the corporate SAN. The controls require dividing data into four groups: non-sensitive, sensitive but accessible, sensitive but export-controlled, and extremely sensitive. Which of the following actions should the engineer take regarding the data? A. Label the data as extremely sensitive. B. Label the data as sensitive but accessible. C. Label the data as non-sensitive. D. Label the data as sensitive but export-controlled.
D
Following a merger, the number of remote sites for a company has doubled to 52. The company has decided to secure each remote site with an NGFW to provide web filtering, NIDS/NIPS, and network antivirus. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) has requested that the security engineer provide recommendations on sizing for the firewall with the requirements that it be easy to manage and provide capacity for growth. The tables below provide information on a subset of remote sites and the firewall options: Which of the following would be the BEST option to recommend to the CIO? A. Vendor C for small remote sites, and Vendor B for large sites B. Vendor B for all remote sites C. Vendor C for all remote sites D. Vendor A for all remote sites E. Vendor D for all remote sites
B
Given the code snippet below: Which of the following vulnerability types is the MOST concerning? A. Only short usernames are supported, which could result in brute forcing of credentials. B. Buffer overflow in the username parameter could lead to a memory corruption vulnerability. C. Hardcoded usernames with different code paths taken depend on which user is entered. D. Format string vulnerability is present for admin users but not for standard users.
D
Given the following code snippet: Which of the following failure modes would the code exhibit? A. Open B. Secure C. Halt D. Exception
E
Given the following code snippet: Of which of the following is this snippet an example? A. Data execution prevention B. Buffer overflow C. Failure to use standard libraries D. Improper filed usage E. Input validation
B
Given the following information about a company's internal network: User IP space: 192.168.1.0/24 Server IP space: 192.168.192.0/25 A security engineer has been told that there are rogue websites hosted outside of the proper server space, and those websites need to be identified. Which of the following should the engineer do? A. Use a protocol analyzer on 192.168.1.0/24 B. Use a port scanner on 192.168.1.0/24 C. Use an HTTP interceptor on 192.168.1.0/24 D. Use a port scanner on 192.168.192.0/25 E. Use a protocol analyzer on 192.168.192.0/25 F. Use an HTTP interceptor on 192.168.192.0/25
C
Given the following output from a security tool in Kali: A. Log reduction B. Network enumerator C. Fuzzer D. SCAP scanner
A
Legal counsel has notified the information security manager of a legal matter that will require the preservation of electronic records for 2000 sales force employees. Source records will be email, PC, network shares, and applications. After all restrictions have been lifted, which of the following should the information manager review? A. Data retention policy B. Legal hold C. Chain of custody D. Scope statement
A
Providers at a healthcare system with many geographically dispersed clinics have been fined five times this year after an auditor received notice of the following SMS messages: Which of the following represents the BEST solution for preventing future fines? A. Implement a secure text-messaging application for mobile devices and workstations. B. Write a policy requiring this information to be given over the phone only. C. Provide a courier service to deliver sealed documents containing public health informatics. D. Implement FTP services between clinics to transmit text documents with the information. E. Implement a system that will tokenize patient numbers.
144
Q. 144
79
Q. 79
81
Q. 81
95
Q. 95
B
Security policies that are in place at an organization prohibit USB drives from being utilized across the entire enterprise, with adequate technical controls in place to block them. As a way to still be able to work from various locations on different computing resources, several sales staff members have signed up for a web-based storage solution without the consent of the IT department. However, the operations department is required to use the same service to transmit certain business partner documents. Which of the following would BEST allow the IT department to monitor and control this behavior? A. Enabling AAA B. Deploying a CASB C. Configuring an NGFW D. Installing a WAF E. Utilizing a vTPM
D
The Chief Information Officer (CIO) wants to increase security and accessibility among the organization's cloud SaaS applications. The applications are configured to use passwords, and two-factor authentication is not provided natively. Which of the following would BEST address the CIO's concerns? A. Procure a password manager for the employees to use with the cloud applications. B. Create a VPN tunnel between the on-premises environment and the cloud providers. C. Deploy applications internally and migrate away from SaaS applications. D. Implement an IdP that supports SAML and time-based, one-time passwords.
A
The Chief Information Officer (CISO) is concerned that certain systems administrators will privileged access may be reading other users' emails. Review of a tool's output shows the administrators have used web mail to log into other users' inboxes. Which of the following tools would show this type of output? A. Log analysis tool B. Password cracker C. Command-line tool D. File integrity monitoring tool
B
The code snippet below controls all electronic door locks to a secure facility in which the doors should only fail open in an emergency. In the code, "criticalValue" indicates if an emergency is underway: Which of the following is the BEST course of action for a security analyst to recommend to the software developer? A. Rewrite the software to implement fine-grained, conditions-based testing B. Add additional exception handling logic to the main program to prevent doors from being opened C. Apply for a life-safety-based risk exception allowing secure doors to fail open D. Rewrite the software's exception handling routine to fail in a secure state
B
The director of sales asked the development team for some small changes to increase the usability of an application used by the sales team. Prior security reviews of the code showed no significant vulnerabilities, and since the changes were small, they were given a peer review and then pushed to the live environment. Subsequent vulnerability scans now show numerous flaws that were not present in the previous versions of the code. Which of the following is an SDLC best practice that should have been followed? A. Versioning B. Regression testing C. Continuous integration D. Integration testing
B
The government is concerned with remote military missions being negatively impacted by the use of technology that may fail to protect operational security. To remediate this concern, a number of solutions have been implemented, including the following: End-to-end encryption of all inbound and outbound communication, including personal email and chat sessions that allow soldiers to securely communicate with families. Layer 7 inspection and TCP/UDP port restriction, including firewall rules to only allow TCP port 80 and 443 and approved applications A host-based whitelist of approved websites and applications that only allow mission-related tools and sites The use of satellite communication to include multiple proxy servers to scramble the source IP address Which of the following is of MOST concern in this scenario? A. Malicious actors intercepting inbound and outbound communication to determine the scope of the mission B. Family members posting geotagged images on social media that were received via email from soldiers C. The effect of communication latency that may negatively impact real-time communication with mission control D. The use of centrally managed military network and computers by soldiers when communicating with external parties
A
The legal department has required that all traffic to and from a company's cloud-based word processing and email system is logged. To meet this requirement, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has implemented a next-generation firewall to perform inspection of the secure traffic and has decided to use a cloud-based log aggregation solution for all traffic that is logged. Which of the following presents a long-term risk to user privacy in this scenario? A. Confidential or sensitive documents are inspected by the firewall before being logged. B. Latency when viewing videos and other online content may increase. C. Reports generated from the firewall will take longer to produce due to more information from inspected traffic. D. Stored logs may contain non-encrypted usernames and passwords for personal websites.
C
The marketing department has developed a new marketing campaign involving significant social media outreach. The campaign includes allowing employees and customers to submit blog posts and pictures of their day-to-day experiences at the company. The information security manager has been asked to provide an informative letter to all participants regarding the security risks and how to avoid privacy and operational security issues. Which of the following is the MOST important information to reference in the letter? A. After-action reports from prior incidents. B. Social engineering techniques C. Company policies and employee NDAs D. Data classification processes
D
Which of the following is the GREATEST security concern with respect to BYOD? A. The filtering of sensitive data out of data flows at geographic boundaries. B. Removing potential bottlenecks in data transmission paths. C. The transfer of corporate data onto mobile corporate devices. D. The migration of data into and out of the network in an uncontrolled manner.
B
To meet an SLA, which of the following documents should be drafted, defining the company's internal interdependent unit responsibilities and delivery timelines. A. BPA B. OLA C. MSA D. MOU
D
Which of the following is an external pressure that causes companies to hire security assessors and penetration testers? A. Lack of adequate in-house testing skills. B. Requirements for geographically based assessments C. Cost reduction measures D. Regulatory insistence on independent reviews.
B
While attending a meeting with the human resources department, an organization's information security officer sees an employee using a username and password written on a memo pad to log into a specific service. When the information security officer inquires further as to why passwords are being written down, the response is that there are too many passwords to remember for all the different services the human resources department is required to use. Additionally, each password has specific complexity requirements and different expiration time frames. Which of the following would be the BEST solution for the information security officer to recommend? A. Utilizing MFA B. Implementing SSO C. Deploying 802.1X D. Pushing SAML adoption E. Implementing TACACS