SHS 367 final

The time spent with our eyes focused on a given location is called a _____________.

fixation

(From the pragmatics video) Mrs. Johnson is talking to Mrs. Sakai, a Japanese woman. Mrs. Johnson says, "Your son, Hiro, got a 99% on the math test. He is so smart!" Which of the following responses would be most consistent with Japanese social conventions?

Ah, he just got lucky that day. Hiro is a very lazy boy.

What type of bound morpheme is this? Books

Inflectional

What type of bound morpheme is this? Jumped

Inflectional

Bilinguals tend to make more ToTs than monolinguals, with the exception of what type of words?

Names

Mike is in a ToT state. He says the word starts with an "L" and that "It's like a spoon, but much bigger." These are examples of what type(s) of cues?

Semantic cue Phonological cue

When people are in a ToT state, what kind of information can they typically report? Be sure to select ALL that apply.

Semantic or meaning information about the word Phonological or sound information about the word

I love my MOTHER'S, I mean my wife's, cooking

Semantic word substitution

Tip of the tongue states are more likely to occur within what population of people?

Senior Citizens

An eye-movement (or "jump") is called a [1]. A backward movement is called a [2]

Specified Answer for: 1 saccade Specified Answer for: 2 regression

The three components of the Information Processing Model by Atkinson & Shiffrin (in the correct processing order) are: [1] [2] [3]

Specified Answer for: 1 sensory memory Specified Answer for: 2 working memory Specified Answer for: 3 long term memory

In the study of non-literal language processing, the two major theories were the [1] view and the [2] view.

Specified Answer for: 1 serial Specified Answer for: 2 parallel

In the Glucksberg experiment, people read sentences and verified if they were true or false. Some of the false sentences were metaphorically true and some were completely false (literally and figuratively). The [1] view would predict that both types of sentences would be rejected equally fast. The [2] view would predict that people would be slower to reject the metaphorically true sentences. The results supported the [3] view.

Specified Answer for: 1 serial Specified Answer for: 2 parallel Specified Answer for: 3 parallel

In a [1], symbols or characters represent syllables. In a [2], letters represent phonemes. In a [3], symbols or characters represent words or morphemes.

Specified Answer for: 1 syllabary Specified Answer for: 2 alphabet Specified Answer for: 3 logography

G ame Place[1] Manner[2] Voicing[3]

Specified Answer for: 1 velar Specified Answer for: 2 stop Specified Answer for: 3 voiced

The student dropped the large cup of coffee on her new pants. dropped [1] cup [2] coffee [3] on [4] new [5]

Specified Answer for: 1 verb Specified Answer for: 2 noun Specified Answer for: 3 noun Specified Answer for: 4 preposition Specified Answer for: 5 adjective

Kim was eating a messy taco at the bar. Give the auxiliary verb from the sentence: [1] Give the adjective from the sentence: [2] Give the preposition from the sentence: [3] Give two articles from the sentence: [4] [5]

Specified Answer for: 1 was Specified Answer for: 2 messy Specified Answer for: 3 at Specified Answer for: 4 a Specified Answer for: 5 the

Sandy clenched her teeth as her computer crashed for the fourth time that night. She wished she had enough money to buy a new ONE.

Substitution

Which level of discourse representation is the weakest and shortest lasting?

Surface representation

What are the two levels of DISGUST structure (discourse structure)?

phonologic substitution

Grice's maxim of __________ states that the speaker will not say anything he knows to be false.

quality

Grice's maxim of _______ states that the speaker will not provide too much information (TMI) or not enough information for the conversation.

quantity

Categorical perception

reflects how people perceive different sounds to be the same phoneme.

Grice's maxim of ________ states that the speaker will say something that fits with the current topic.

relevance

In the classic McGurk effect, person

sees a speaker articulating "ga," hears "ba" over headphones, but perceives that the speaker is saying "da."

In the Gibbs study, people read sentences had direct and indirect meanings (e.g., "Could you clean the kitchen?"). The results showed that...

the indirect meaning was accessed faster than the direct meaning when the context biased the indirect meaning.

In the serial view of nonliteral language processing, it is assumed that...

the literal meaning is always processed FIRST.

In the "misheard lyrics" video...

the words on the screen and the actual song lyrics were different, but it sounded like they matched.

When text is presented in all CAPITAL LETTERS:

there are more regressions (re-reading of words).

I need to put CAR in the GAS.

word exchange

Parsing is IMPARSIBLE! (impossible)

word perseveration

Surface representations are assumed to be stored in

working memory

People tend to fixate longer on

low frequency words uncommon words unfamiliar words

Grice's maxim of _____ states that the speaker will not say anything ambiguous or weird.

manner

The fat dachshund waddled to the dish. The PLATE was already licked clean.

Lexical-hyponymy

I think John is getting desperate! The MAN ate ketchup on saltines last night!!

Lexical-synonymy

Imagine your friend says, "Because I couldn't sleep last night, I was sleep deprived this morning and I did terrible on the Language Science test." In the above example, which response would YOU make to your friend?

"You probably drank too much coffee last night."

How many morphemes are in this word? Corner

1

How many morphemes are in this word? Under

1

How many morphemes are in this word? Blindness

2

How many morphemes are in this word? Calmly

2

How many morphemes are in this word? Cups

2

How many morphemes are in this word? Running

2

How many morphemes are in this word? Unhappily

3

How many phonemes are in this word? Thought

3

How many phonemes are in this word? Tough

3

How many phonemes are in this word? Slap

4

How many phonemes are in this word? Trip

4

How many phonemes are in this word? Rabbit

5

Match each different type of memory with the appropriate item that best describes the use for that specific type of memory Question Selected Match Episodic Memory Semantic Memory Procedural Memory Working Memory Sensory Memory

A. Personal Memories D. General World Knowledge E. Skill Knowledge C. Actively used information B. Raw visual or auditory information

What type of bound morpheme is this? Adorable

Derivational

What type of bound morpheme is this? Singer

Derivational

What type of bound morpheme is this? Unhappy

Derivational

Molly said that Jack went to Las Vegas yesterday. If the correct interpretation follows late closure, what happened yesterday?

Jack went to Las Vegas

Laura knocked over the student with the bicycle and felt terrible. If the correct interpretation follows Minimal Attachment, who has the bicycle?

Laura

According to the eye-tracking video, which type of formatting is the easiest for English speakers to read?

Left aligned text

Pat's truck broke down on Rural Road. The VEHICLE was heading for the junkyard anyway.

Lexical-hyponymy

Which of the following phenomena reflect the influence of top-down processing in speech perception?

Perceiving words in songs played backwards. Identifying words better than nonsense words. Hearing different (wrong) words in songs.

People are most likely to experience ToTs with which type(s) of words? Be sure to select ALL that apply.

Proper names Uncommon words

In one of the pragmatics videos, they talk about possible responses and their underlying functions. Imagine your friend says, "Because I couldn't sleep last night, I was sleep deprived this morning and I did terrible on the Language Science test." Match up each response with its underlying function.

Question Selected Match "You probably drank too much coffee last night." C. Provide an explanation for the problem. "I'm really sorry to hear that." B. Express sympathy. "Don't feel badly, lots of people probably did poorly." A. Comfort someone by letting them know they aren't alone. "What rotten luck!" D. Comfort someone by letting them know their fate is not in their own hands.

I just took a test in my math class. THAT was really hard!

Reference-demonstrative

Kelley lost her backpack in the library. She found IT later at the lost and found

Reference-pronominal

Vicki and Trish could not get the car to start. THEY ended up walking home in the heat.

Reference-pronominal

Which level of discourse representation is the strongest and longest lasting?

Situational model

She was a very pretty princess, but she talked very slowly. How many verbs are in this sentence? [1] How many adverbs are in this sentence? [2] How many conjunctions are in this sentence? [3]

Specified Answer for: 1 2 Specified Answer for: 2 3 Specified Answer for: 3 1

fat [1] puppy [2] clumsily [3] over [4] shoe [5]

Specified Answer for: 1 adjective Specified Answer for: 2 noun Specified Answer for: 3 adverb Specified Answer for: 4 preposition Specified Answer for: 5 noun

Jim was texting his friend and accidentally walked into a pole. was [1] accidentally [2] pole [3] and [4]

Specified Answer for: 1 auxiliary verb Specified Answer for: 2 adverb Specified Answer for: 3 noun Specified Answer for: 4 conjunction

M ath Place[1] Manner[2]

Specified Answer for: 1 bilabial Specified Answer for: 2 nasal

In a [1] orthography, there is a weak spelling-to-sound correspondence. In a [2] orthography, there is a strong spelling-to-sound correspondence.

Specified Answer for: 1 deep Specified Answer for: 2 shallow

Tulving proposed three different long-term memory systems. These memory systems include: [1] [2] [3]

Specified Answer for: 1 episodic memory Specified Answer for: 2 semantic memory Specified Answer for: 3 procedural memory

n sensory memory, raw visual information is briefly held in [1] memory and raw auditory information is briefly held in [2] memory.

Specified Answer for: 1 iconic Specified Answer for: 2 echoic

[1] propositions are ideas or information were inferred when the discourse was read or heard. [2] propositions are basic idea units that were actually presented in the discourse.

Specified Answer for: 1 implicit Specified Answer for: 2 explicit

THink Place[1] Manner[2] Voicing[3]

Specified Answer for: 1 interdental Specified Answer for: 2 fricative Specified Answer for: 3 unvoiced

The boy loudly shouted and jumped in the cold pool. Give an adverb from the sentence: [1] Give two nouns from the sentence: [2] [3] Give a conjunction from the sentence: [4] Give a preposition from the sentence: [5] Give an article from the sentence: [6]

Specified Answer for: 1 loudly Specified Answer for: 2 boy Specified Answer for: 3 pool Specified Answer for: 4 and Specified Answer for: 5 in Specified Answer for: 6 the

According to the [1] approach to parsing, semantics and context will not influence how we syntactically parse a sentence. According to the [2] approach to parsing, our syntactic parsing can be affected by the meanings of the words and our lexical knowledge.

Specified Answer for: 1 modular Specified Answer for: 2 interactive

In Baddeley's working memory model, verbal information is assumed to be processed by the [1] and spatial information is assumed to be processed by the [2].

Specified Answer for: 1 phonological loop Specified Answer for: 2 visuospatial sketchpad

When we read or hear discourse, it is assumed that discourse information is represented at three different levels. The basic idea units are held in the [1] representation. The exact words are held in the [2] representation. The mental model of the discourse is represented in the [3].

Specified Answer for: 1 propositional Specified Answer for: 2 surface Specified Answer for: 3 situational

What is a tip of the tongue state (ToT)?

The experience of not being able to retrieve a word despite knowing lots of information related to it.

Most people who are in a ToT state can report physical aspects of the word they are trying to retrieve. What are these physical aspects?

The last letter or sound in a word The first letter or sound in a word # of syllables or word length

In the experiment described in the video, what was one of their main findings?

The longer individuals were in a ToT state, the more likely they were to fall back into a ToT state in a later experiment.

Tip of the tongue states are more likely to occur due to what?

Weak connections between the meaning and sounds of a word.

Sally is in a ToT state and she has a strong feeling that she knows the word. Her "feeling of knowing" is

a good indication that she will retrieve the word she wants

With each fixation, English readers extract information from

about 4 characters to the left about 14 characters to the right

I'm doing GROOD. (good + great)

blend

I'm so hungry - My STUMMY hurts.

blend

In Baddeley's working memory model, the _____________ controls the verbal and spatial subsystems.

central executive

What part of speech is "what"? What part of speech is "in?"

interrogative pronoun preposition

Which parsing strategy states that you will try to add a new item (word) to the phrase you are currently working on?

late closure

In the parallel view of nonliteral language processing, it is assumed that

literal and figurative (non-literal) meanings are searched at the same time.

Which parsing strategy states that you will try to attach new items so that the simplest structure is created?

minimal attachment

That exam was the WORSTEST!

morpheme addition

He bounce OFFED the door.

morpheme shift

I might MIKE (make) a that mistake.

phoneme perseveration

This is a CATATONIC (cataphoric) reference.

phonologic substitution

n the online reading, Glucksberg argues that

people cannot ignore metaphorical (figurative) meanings.

The PLERLOCUTION of an utterance

phoneme addition

Did he FEELY feel that way?

phoneme anticipation

I think you have a PAGMATIC deficit.

phoneme deletion

Is that a PHOMENE shift or exchange?

phoneme exchange