SJA APUSH Period 8

As a Washington insider who had served three terms in the Senate, Jimmy Carter was well educated in domestic and foreign policies before becoming president.

False

At the outset of his presidency, John F. Kennedy regarded civil rights as his top priority.

False

In spite of the efforts of conservatives, the Equal Rights Amendment was passed by Congress and ratified by enough states.

False

John F. Kennedy was staunchly committed to racially equality and he placed it as his number one priority in his inaugural address.

False

President Eisenhower's inroads in the Democratic South in the 1952 election led to other Republican victories on the state and national level throughout the 1950s.

False

Richard Nixon put forth the Philadelphia Plan, which supported affirmative action, and was bitterly disappointed when the Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional.

False

Ronald Reagan supported striking air traffic controllers and forced the Federal Aviation Administration into mediation.

False

The Church Committee investigated the Watergate break-in, concluding that Richard Nixon had ordered the White House cover-up.

False

The Cuban Missile Crisis did nothing to change Kennedy's attitude towards the Cold War.

False

The Freedom Summer refers to the summer of 1968 when the Democrats rallied around the campaign of Robert Kennedy.

False

The election of 1988 between George Bush and Michael Dukakis was surprisingly clean and sophisticated.

False

Under the guidance of Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Supreme Court vastly contracted the rights enjoyed by all Americans in the 1960s.

False

As a result of the Red Power movement, many more Americans began to identify themselves as Indians than before 1960.

True

By 1973, the United States depended heavily on oil imports.

True

Despite being a conservative, while in office, President Richard Nixon expanded the welfare state.

True

During the feminist movement, women came to believe that personal is political, thus permanently changing Americans' definition of freedom.

True

Economic freedom for Reagan meant curtailing the power of unions, dismantling regulations, and radically reducing taxes.

True

In 1971, for the first time in the twentieth century, the United States experienced a merchandise trade deficit.

True

Lyndon Johnson held the New Deal view that government had an obligation to assist the less fortunate members of society

True

The emergence of a popular culture geared toward the emerging youth market suggested that significant generational tensions lay beneath the bland surface of 1950s life.

True

The morale in the army during the later years of the Vietnam conflict mirrored the social changes sweeping America at home.

True

The standard consumer package of the 1950s included a car, house, and television.

True

Thurgood Marshall argued before the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education that segregation did lifelong damage to black children, undermining their self-esteem.

True

In his 1968, Richard Nixon appealed to the: a. Progressive Republicans b. whites fearful of the rights movements c. new feminists d. moral majority e. New Left

a. Progressive Republicans

in 1963 during the Birmingham civil rights demonstrations, firemen: a. assaulted young demonstrators with high-pressure hoses b. served as extra drivers for the police taking demonstrators to jail c. served as moderators between Martin Luther King Jr.'s SCLC and Birmingham's businessmen d. kept the peace with their tanker-trucks as blockades e. extinguished fires set by Ku Klux Klan members

a. assaulted young demonstrators with high-pressure hoses

The free speech movement: a. began in Berkeley to protest a campus ban on not being able to use a central meeting place b. had little support among college-age students at the time c. failed in its efforts to establish free speech on college campuses d. began in Port Huron to protest a campus ban on political literature e. began in Los Angeles to protest a campus ban on political literature

a. began in Berkeley to protest a campus ban on not being able to use a central meeting place

The Young Americans for Freedom: a. believed that the free market assured personal freedom b. supported Lyndon Johnson for president in 1964 d. worked in tandem with the Students for a Democratic Society e. believed that a strong federal government assured personal freedom

a. believed that the free market assured personal freedom

The Cuban Missile Crisis: a. brought the United States and the Soviets to the brink of nuclear war b. revolved around the placement of missiles in the United States c. revolved around the placement of missiles in the Soviet Union d. occurred when Cuba threatened to attack the United States e. brought the United States into Vietnam

a. brought the United States and the Soviets to the brink of nuclear war

By 1968, the number of U.S. troops in Vietnam: a. exceed half a million as the war became more brutal b. was decreasing as the peace process accelerated c. was of little concern to most Americans d. was less than in 1965 e. was reduced, as President Johnson considered running for another term

a. exceed half a million as the war became more brutal

The 1960 presidential debate between John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon: a. was little noticed at the time b. highlighted the impact of television on political campaigns c. allowed Nixon to demonstrate his best qualities, thus winning the debate d. showed Kennedy to be an ineffective speaker, and thus he lost e. was broadcast only on the radio

b. highlighted the impact of television on political campaigns

The Great Society: a. promised a guaranteed income for all Americans b. included Lyndon Johnson's crusade to end poverty in America c. was John F. Kennedy's initiative to end poverty in America d. included a national health insurance plan for all Americans e. was seen as impossible to achieve

b. included Lyndon Johnson's crusade to end poverty in America

By the end of 1960, some 70,000 demonstrators had taken part in sit-ins across the South to protest: a. desegregation b. segregation c. the use of nuclear weapons d. the Vietnam War e. sexism

b. segregation

When they were arrested, the burglars at the Watergate apartment complex were breaking into: a. the Committee to Reelect the President's (CREEP's) headquarters b. the Democratic Party headquarters c. George McGovern's apartment d. the psychiatrist Daniel Ellsberg's office e. the Washington Post's headquarters

b. the Democratic Party headquarters

Regarding civil rights during his presidency, John Kennedy: a. immediately addressed the demands of black activists b. was reluctant to address the movement's demands until 1963 c. instructed his brother Robert Kennedy to immediately enforce desegregation in the South d. proposed a civil rights bill his first week in office e. remained completely uninvolved

b. was reluctant to address the movement's demands until 1963

The Montgomery Bus Boycott: a. marked the end of the civil rights movement b. was sparked when Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to giver her seat up to a white man c. propelled Thurgood Marshall into the national spotlight as a leader in the civil rights movement d. lasted less than two weeks e. did not succeed in desegregating the public buses

b. was sparked when Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to giver her seat up to a white man

The kitchen debates were between: a. Eisenhower and Khrushchev b. Eisenhower and Nixon c. Khrushchev and Nixon d. Kennedy and Johnson e. Nixon and Kennedy

c. Khrushchev and Nixon

During the 1950s, agricultural production: a. become more labor intensive b. declined significantly c. became more automated d. suffered from a lack of technology e. remained centered in the South

c. became more automated

The Roe v. Wade Supreme Court decision: a. declared school prayer was unconstitutional b. legalized birth control c. created a woman's constitutional right to an abortion d. provoked little opposition e. was the least controversial piece of the rights revolution

c. created a woman's constitutional right to an abortion

All of the following were new innovations of the early post-World War II era that helped to transform Americans' daily lives EXCEPT: a. air conditioning b. jet air travel c. radio d. television e. automatic dishwasher

c. radio

The Hollywood Ten: a. used their influence to escape punishment b. included Ronald Reagan and Walt Disney c. refused to name names d. received little attention in the press e. were all found to be communists

c. refused to name names

During the 1970s: a. the baby boom continued unabated b. divorce became less socially acceptable c. the age at which Americans married increased and divorce rates rose d. marriage became obsolete e. the age at which Americans married decreased and divorce rates declined

c. the age at which Americans married increased and divorce rates rose

When Birmingham police chief Bull Connor used nightsticks, high-pressure hoses, and attack dogs on young civil rights protesters: a. there was little public response b. there was a public outcry only in the North c. there was a wave of revulsion globally d. President Kennedy abandoned his support for the civil rights movement e. U.S. attorney general Robert Kennedy asked Martin Luther King Jr. to stop the protests

c. there was a wave of revulsion globally

Which state became the most prominent symbol of the postwar suburban boom? a. Arizona b. Michigan c. Nevada d. California e. Washington

d. California

The handling of the Iranian hostage crisis: a. was a diplomatic achievement for President Carter b. restored Americans' confidence in their nation c. ended with the signing of the Camp David Accords d. made Jimmy Carter appear weak and inept e. made Ronald Reagan appear weak and inept

d. made Jimmy Carter appear weak and inept

The Port Huron Statement: a. summed up the philosophy of the Young Americans for Freedom b. was written by Michael Harrington c. criticized American Cold War policies but offered no new suggestions d. offered a vision for social change based on participatory democracy e. praised American political and economic institutions

d. offered a vision for social change based on participatory democracy

Reagan's economic program, known as "supply-side economics" relied on: a. increased regulation of workplace safety b. tax increases and low interest rates c. increased environmental regulations d. tax cuts and high interest rates e. tax cuts specifically for low-income Americans

d. tax cuts and high interest rates

Why did the CIA seek to destabilize the government of Chile after 1970? a. the government of Chile had provided North Vietnam with covert support b. the Chilean government had blocked U.S. access to Chilean copper mines c. The U.S. sought to prevent the coup of General Augusto Pinochet d. the country had elected socialist Salvador Allende into office e. Chile had been hosting Che Guevara, a long-time public enemy to the U.S.

d. the country had elected socialist Salvador Allende into office

What was the attitude of the New Left toward university professors, as seen in the Port Huron Statement? a. they had tremendous respect for them b. they saw them as the bearers of liberal knowledge and reform c. they saw them as leaders in the antiwar movement d. they thought them puppets of the military-industrial complex e. they were skeptical of them since most professors were older than thirty

d. they thought them puppets of the military-industrial complex

Which Supreme Court decision did Brown overturn? a. Muller v. Oregon b. Roe v. Wade c. Lochner v. New York d. Yick Wo v. Hopkins e. Plessy v. Ferguson

e. Plessy v. Ferguson

In the 1960s, Latino rights in particular were the focus of the: a. Redstockings b. Mattachine Society c. NAACP d. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee e. United Farm Workers

e. United Farm Workers

The Three Mile Island nuclear plant: a. stood as a symbol of American scientific and technologic superiority b. was the first nuclear plant to have an accident c. proved the success of the alternative energy resource d. was the first of its kind to be operational e. brought a halt to the nuclear energy industry's expansion

e. brought a halt to the nuclear energy industry's expansion

James Meredith is best known as the: a. first black congressman elected since Reconstruction b. organizer of the Poor People's Campaign c. black person who refused to give up his seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama d. organizer of the Freedom Rides e. first black student admitted into the University of Mississippi

e. first black student admitted into the University of Mississippi

As a result of the Montgomery boycott in 1955-1956: a. Rosa Parks was sent to jail for over a year b. blacks won the right to attend the school of their choice c. the Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public transportation was legal d. African-American women became less involved in the civil rights movement e. the Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public transportation was illegal

e. the Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public transportation was illegal

The 1963 March on Washington: a. focused solely on a languishing civil rights bill b. included speeches with militant language c. included various female speakers d. focused solely on economic justice e. was a high point in black and white cooperation

e. was a high point in black and white cooperation