Skeletal System Review

A movement away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane is

abduction

One role of the fontanels is to

allow for the change in shape of the skull during childbirth

The presence of ________ strongly indicates that the long bone is still growing.

an epiphyseal plate

Which of the following is an example of a synchondrosis?

articulation between the diaphysis and epiphysis in a growing long bone

Match the anatomical term with its corresponding region from the list below. humerus radius tibia femur ischium

brachium, antebrachium, crurum (leg), thigh, pelvis

The process of depositing calcium salts into a tissue other than bone is called ________.

calcification

Small channels, called ________, radiate through the matrix of bone.

canaliculi

The bones of the wrist form the ________.

carpus

The atlas is classified as a ________ vertebra.

cervical

The organic component of the matrix, which makes up around one-third of the mass of bone, is dominated by

collagen fibers

The two types of bone (osseous tissue) are

compact bone and spongy bone

The smooth, rounded, or oval articular process of a bone is termed a

condyle

Osseous tissue is classified as which of the following?

connective tissue

Typical movements at a hinge joint include

extension and flexion

Ribs that have no connection to the sternum are called ________.

floating ribs

Which structural feature of the scapula articulates with the humerus?

glenoid cavity

The patella

glides over the smooth anterior surface, between the lateral and medial condyles

Which maxillary region feature serves as an opening for a major sensory nerve from the face?

infra-orbital foramen

A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole inward is termed

inversion

The structure that surrounds a diarthrotic joint is called a(n)

joint capsule

Narrow sheets of calcified matrix are referred to as

lamellae

The bones of the limbs are classified as

long bones

Osteocytes

maintain normal bone structure by recycling the calcium salts in the bony matrix around themselves.

Regulatory functions of the skeletal system include

maintaining the normal concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions in body fluids.

The bone that makes up the lower jaw is the

mandible

The maxillary bones articulate with all other facial bones except the ________.

mandible

The connective tissue covering the outer surface of a bone is (the)

periosteum

Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton?

ribs

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is termed

scoliosis

The hyoid bone

serves as a base for muscles associated with the larynx, tongue, and pharynx

The ________ of the radius assists in the stabilization of the wrist joint by preventing lateral movement of the bones of the wrist.

styloid process

Which of the following is part of the appendicular skeleton?

the scapula

Ribs that are connected to the sternum by separate cartilaginous extensions are called ________ ribs.

true

Rickets is a condition marked by a softening and bending of bones that occurs in growing children, as a result of ________ deficiency.

vitamin D3

In the skeletal system, compact bone is usually located

where stresses come from a limited range of directions

The most inferior portion of the sternum is called the

xiphoid process

Skeletal bones store lipids as energy reserves in ares of

yellow marrow

Compared with the male pelvis, the female pelvis has a

narrower pubic angle

Skull bones are joined by tight connections called

sutures

A joint that permits no movement and is described as an interposition of cartilage plates is called a

synchondrosis

A crest on a bone is defined as a(n)

prominent ridge

Which tarsal bone articulates with the tibia and fibula, transmitting the body's weight from the tibia toward the toes?

talus

The ribs articulate with the

transverse processes of the vertebrae

The vertebral column contains ________ cervical vertebrae.

7

The depression on the distal end of the anterior humerus is the

coronoid fossa

True ribs are directly connected to the sternum by ________.

costal cartilages

A fibrous joint in which the bones are held together by a ligamentous connection is a

syndesmosis

Humans have ________ pairs of ribs.

12

Which of the following is an example of the skeletal system's primary function of providing structural support?

Individual bones provide a framework for the attachment of soft tissues and organs.

Which joint type can perform rotation movements?

ball and socket

Red bone marrow functions in the formation of

blood cells

The shaft of a long bone is called the ________.

diaphysis

Bone-forming cells are called ________.

osteoblasts

Which of the following is found only in compact bone?

osteons

Tarsal bones are classified as ________ bones.

short

Which joint permits the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body?

shoulder

The vertebral arches contribute structurally to surround and protect the

spinal cord

The primary curves of the vertebral column are the

thoracic and sacral

The function of synovial fluid is

to nourish chondrocytes, to absorb shock, to provide lubrication

Spongy bone is made up of a network of bony rods or plates called

trabeculae

The trochlea is a structural feature of which bone?

humerus

Match the related terms: (abduction, bone shaft, atlas, mature bone cells, axis, immovable joint) Osteocytes diaphysis c1 c2 synarthrosis raising the arm literally

mature bone cells, bone shaft, atlas, axis, immovable joint, abduction

Bones of the skull that articulate with the nasal bones include (the)

maxillary bone

Which is the anatomical term for a passageway through a bone?

meatus

___________ makes up 2/3 of the weight of the bones in the skeletal system.

Calcium phosphate

Which of the following is why osteopenia occurs starting between the ages of 30-40 ?

Osteoblastic activity slows and osteoclastic activity increases

label the cranium a b c d e f g h i j k l m

Parietal bone, Occipital bone, Acoustic meatus, Mastoid process, Frontal bone, Sphenoid, Supra-orbital foramen, Nasal bone, Lacrimal bone, Ethmoid bone, Infra-orbital foramen, Maxilla, Zygomatic bone

Label the long bone a b c d e f g h i j k

Proximal epiphysis, Diaphysis, Distal epiphysis, Periosteum, Compact bone, Endosteum, Marrow cavity, Epiphyseal line, Blood vessels, Spongy bone, Articular cartilage

The special movement of the thumb that allows it to grasp an object and hold onto it is called

opposition

________ is a movement that occurs in the anterior-posterior plane and increases the angle between the articulating bones.

Extension