Skeletal System Review
A movement away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane is
abduction
One role of the fontanels is to
allow for the change in shape of the skull during childbirth
The presence of ________ strongly indicates that the long bone is still growing.
an epiphyseal plate
Which of the following is an example of a synchondrosis?
articulation between the diaphysis and epiphysis in a growing long bone
Match the anatomical term with its corresponding region from the list below. humerus radius tibia femur ischium
brachium, antebrachium, crurum (leg), thigh, pelvis
The process of depositing calcium salts into a tissue other than bone is called ________.
calcification
Small channels, called ________, radiate through the matrix of bone.
canaliculi
The bones of the wrist form the ________.
carpus
The atlas is classified as a ________ vertebra.
cervical
The organic component of the matrix, which makes up around one-third of the mass of bone, is dominated by
collagen fibers
The two types of bone (osseous tissue) are
compact bone and spongy bone
The smooth, rounded, or oval articular process of a bone is termed a
condyle
Osseous tissue is classified as which of the following?
connective tissue
Typical movements at a hinge joint include
extension and flexion
Ribs that have no connection to the sternum are called ________.
floating ribs
Which structural feature of the scapula articulates with the humerus?
glenoid cavity
The patella
glides over the smooth anterior surface, between the lateral and medial condyles
Which maxillary region feature serves as an opening for a major sensory nerve from the face?
infra-orbital foramen
A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole inward is termed
inversion
The structure that surrounds a diarthrotic joint is called a(n)
joint capsule
Narrow sheets of calcified matrix are referred to as
lamellae
The bones of the limbs are classified as
long bones
Osteocytes
maintain normal bone structure by recycling the calcium salts in the bony matrix around themselves.
Regulatory functions of the skeletal system include
maintaining the normal concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions in body fluids.
The bone that makes up the lower jaw is the
mandible
The maxillary bones articulate with all other facial bones except the ________.
mandible
The connective tissue covering the outer surface of a bone is (the)
periosteum
Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton?
ribs
An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is termed
scoliosis
The hyoid bone
serves as a base for muscles associated with the larynx, tongue, and pharynx
The ________ of the radius assists in the stabilization of the wrist joint by preventing lateral movement of the bones of the wrist.
styloid process
Which of the following is part of the appendicular skeleton?
the scapula
Ribs that are connected to the sternum by separate cartilaginous extensions are called ________ ribs.
true
Rickets is a condition marked by a softening and bending of bones that occurs in growing children, as a result of ________ deficiency.
vitamin D3
In the skeletal system, compact bone is usually located
where stresses come from a limited range of directions
The most inferior portion of the sternum is called the
xiphoid process
Skeletal bones store lipids as energy reserves in ares of
yellow marrow
Compared with the male pelvis, the female pelvis has a
narrower pubic angle
Skull bones are joined by tight connections called
sutures
A joint that permits no movement and is described as an interposition of cartilage plates is called a
synchondrosis
A crest on a bone is defined as a(n)
prominent ridge
Which tarsal bone articulates with the tibia and fibula, transmitting the body's weight from the tibia toward the toes?
talus
The ribs articulate with the
transverse processes of the vertebrae
The vertebral column contains ________ cervical vertebrae.
7
The depression on the distal end of the anterior humerus is the
coronoid fossa
True ribs are directly connected to the sternum by ________.
costal cartilages
A fibrous joint in which the bones are held together by a ligamentous connection is a
syndesmosis
Humans have ________ pairs of ribs.
12
Which of the following is an example of the skeletal system's primary function of providing structural support?
Individual bones provide a framework for the attachment of soft tissues and organs.
Which joint type can perform rotation movements?
ball and socket
Red bone marrow functions in the formation of
blood cells
The shaft of a long bone is called the ________.
diaphysis
Bone-forming cells are called ________.
osteoblasts
Which of the following is found only in compact bone?
osteons
Tarsal bones are classified as ________ bones.
short
Which joint permits the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body?
shoulder
The vertebral arches contribute structurally to surround and protect the
spinal cord
The primary curves of the vertebral column are the
thoracic and sacral
The function of synovial fluid is
to nourish chondrocytes, to absorb shock, to provide lubrication
Spongy bone is made up of a network of bony rods or plates called
trabeculae
The trochlea is a structural feature of which bone?
humerus
Match the related terms: (abduction, bone shaft, atlas, mature bone cells, axis, immovable joint) Osteocytes diaphysis c1 c2 synarthrosis raising the arm literally
mature bone cells, bone shaft, atlas, axis, immovable joint, abduction
Bones of the skull that articulate with the nasal bones include (the)
maxillary bone
Which is the anatomical term for a passageway through a bone?
meatus
___________ makes up 2/3 of the weight of the bones in the skeletal system.
Calcium phosphate
Which of the following is why osteopenia occurs starting between the ages of 30-40 ?
Osteoblastic activity slows and osteoclastic activity increases
label the cranium a b c d e f g h i j k l m
Parietal bone, Occipital bone, Acoustic meatus, Mastoid process, Frontal bone, Sphenoid, Supra-orbital foramen, Nasal bone, Lacrimal bone, Ethmoid bone, Infra-orbital foramen, Maxilla, Zygomatic bone
Label the long bone a b c d e f g h i j k
Proximal epiphysis, Diaphysis, Distal epiphysis, Periosteum, Compact bone, Endosteum, Marrow cavity, Epiphyseal line, Blood vessels, Spongy bone, Articular cartilage
The special movement of the thumb that allows it to grasp an object and hold onto it is called
opposition
________ is a movement that occurs in the anterior-posterior plane and increases the angle between the articulating bones.
Extension