Skin Appendages
Eccrine gland
Found all over the body, produce sweat, release secretions onto skin surface via pores
Apocrine gland
Found in genital region and under the arms. Secretions released into hair and contain fatty acids and proteins which smell bad when they come into contact with bacteria
Nail matrix
Nail structure that is proximal to the cuticle and is where cell growth takes place
Sudoriferous glands
Sweat glands
Skin (nail) folds
Create borders around the nail
What is the function of sweat?
Helps dissipate excess heat, excretes waste products, acidic properties inhibits bacterial growth
Central medulla
Innermost layer of the hair shaft
Sebaceous glands
Oil glands. Responsible for lubricating skin, preventing brittle hair, and killing bacteria. Activated at puberty.
Hair cuticle
Outermost structure of the hair shaft which is heavily keratinized
Cortex
Part of the hair shaft that surrounds the central medulla
Hair root
Part of the hair that is embedded in the hair follicle
Hair shaft
Part of the hair the projects from the surface of the scalp
Nail root
Portion of the nail that is embedded in the skin
Hair follicle
Produces hair
Nail cuticle
Proximal nail fold that projects onto the nail body
Nails
Scale-like modifications of the epidermis
Hair
Skin appendage which is produced by a follicle and consists of keratinized epithelial cells
Arrector pili muscle
Smooth muscle that pulls hair upright when cold or frightened (goosebumps)
Growth zone (hair bulb matrix)
Structure within the hair follicle that produces hair cells
What are the four main appendages of the skin?
Sweat glands, sebaceous (oil) glands, hair, and nails
Nail body
Visible portion of the nail that is attached to the underlying skin
What is the composition of sweat?
Water, salts, vitamin C, some metabolic waste, fatty acids and protein (apocrine only)
Lunula
White portion at the base of the nail
Free edge
White portion of a nail that extends from the finger or toe and is not directly attached to the underlying skin