skull

list bones of cranium:

-1 frontal -2 parietal -2 temporal -1 occipital -1 sphenoid -1 ethmoid

list the atypical cervical vertebrae?

-C1 -C2 -C7

what structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?

-CN 3 -CN 4 -V1

what structures pass through the foramen spinosum?

-MMA -meningeal nerve

base of the skull is divided into:

-anterior cranial fossa -middle cranial fossa -posterior cranial fossa

parts of the neurocranium?

-calveria -basocranium

the carotid artery passes through ______ and then it will ______

-carotid canal -sit on cartilage of foramen lacerum

list the sutures of the skull:

-coronal suture -sagittal suture -lambdoid suture

what is granular foveolae and what are they formed by?

-depressions of skull -formed by arachnoid granulations

structures found in temporal bone?

-external acoustic meatus -mastoid process -styloid process

important structures in posterior view of the skull?

-external occipital protuberance -nuchal lines

list important structure in the anterior view of skull:

-frontal bone -maxilla -mandible -orbital cavity (hole for eye) -nasal cavity

describe structure of sphenoid bone?

-greater wing -lesser wing -body

list structures we can find in palatine bones?

-horizontal plate -perpendicular plate

types of skull fractures?

-linear skull fracture -depressed skull fracture -basillar skull fracture

which are the unpaired bones of the face?

-mandible -vomer

depression of the temporal bone is called ______ and it is found _____

-mandibular fossa -just above mastoid process

parts of the skull?

-neurocranium -viscerocanrium

characteristic features of basilar skull fracture?

-raccoon eyes -CSF rhinorrhea

the lateral sides of the ethmoid bone form:

-superior nasal conchae -middle nasal conchae

list the important structures that we find in superior aspect of sphenoid bone?

-superior orbital fissure -foramen rotundum -foramen ovale -foramen spinosum -optic canal

what forms the zygomatic arch?

-zygomatic process of temporal bone -temporal process of zygomatic bone

how many cervical vertebrae do we have?

7

list the typical cervical vertebrae?

C3-C6

list all facial bones:

May Zayne Nurture & Love his Mom PIV -2 Maxilla -2 Zygomatic -2 Nasal -2 Lacrimal -1 Mandible -2 Palatine -2 Inferior nasal conchae -1 Vomer

what passes through the pterygopalatine fossa?

V2

what structures pass through the foramen rotundum?

V2

what structures pass through the foramen ovale?

V3

______ are where the sutures of the skull join

bregma & lambda

what is attached to the mastoid process of temporal bone?

cleidomastoid muscle

describe general structure of bones of the skull?

consist of: -inner plate (compact bone) -spongy bone -outer plate (compact bone)

what can we see on either side of crista galli of ethmoid bone?

cribiform plate

ethmoid bone is projected as ______

crista galli

what passes through the stylomastoid foramen?

facial nerve

gaps in the skull bones are called _____

fontanelles

where can we find foramen lacerum?

gap between temporal bone & sphenoid bone

what can we see below the zygomatic arch?

infratemporal fossa

basocranium is formed by ______

intrachondral ossification

calveria is formed by ______

intramembranous ossification

what is pterion?

junction of frontal parietal & temporal bones

space between the pterygoid plates of sphenoid bone?

nasal cavity

what is unique about the first cervical vertebra (C1)?

no body

what passes through cribiform plate?

olfactory nerve

what divides the nasal cavity?

perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

where can we find internal acoustic meatus?

petrous part of temporal bone

embryological origin of viscercranium?

pharyngeal arches

junction of frontal, parietal & temporal bone is called ______

pterion

what structure can we find in posterior view of sphenoid bone?

pterygoid plates

space between neurocranium & viscerocranium is called _____

pterygopalatine fossa

what can we find between mastoid process & styloid process of temporal bone?

stylomastoid foramen

important structure we see in orbital cavity?

superior & inferior orbital fissure of optic canal

what can we see in the superior view of the skull?

sutures

what distinguishes raccoon eyes from black eyes?

tarsal plate sparing

what can we see above the zygomatic arch?

temporal fossa

mandibular fossa forms the _____

tempromandibular joint

clinical significance of pterygoid plates of sphenoid bone?

they are attached to muscles of mastication

what are buttresses?

thickened portions of cranial bones that are very hard to break

clinical importance of pterion?

trauma to pterion can damage MMA

how is the mandible connected to temporal bone?

via condylar process of mandible

what can we find just above external acoustic meatus of temporal bone?

zygomatic process of temporal bone