skull
list bones of cranium:
-1 frontal -2 parietal -2 temporal -1 occipital -1 sphenoid -1 ethmoid
list the atypical cervical vertebrae?
-C1 -C2 -C7
what structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?
-CN 3 -CN 4 -V1
what structures pass through the foramen spinosum?
-MMA -meningeal nerve
base of the skull is divided into:
-anterior cranial fossa -middle cranial fossa -posterior cranial fossa
parts of the neurocranium?
-calveria -basocranium
the carotid artery passes through ______ and then it will ______
-carotid canal -sit on cartilage of foramen lacerum
list the sutures of the skull:
-coronal suture -sagittal suture -lambdoid suture
what is granular foveolae and what are they formed by?
-depressions of skull -formed by arachnoid granulations
structures found in temporal bone?
-external acoustic meatus -mastoid process -styloid process
important structures in posterior view of the skull?
-external occipital protuberance -nuchal lines
list important structure in the anterior view of skull:
-frontal bone -maxilla -mandible -orbital cavity (hole for eye) -nasal cavity
describe structure of sphenoid bone?
-greater wing -lesser wing -body
list structures we can find in palatine bones?
-horizontal plate -perpendicular plate
types of skull fractures?
-linear skull fracture -depressed skull fracture -basillar skull fracture
which are the unpaired bones of the face?
-mandible -vomer
depression of the temporal bone is called ______ and it is found _____
-mandibular fossa -just above mastoid process
parts of the skull?
-neurocranium -viscerocanrium
characteristic features of basilar skull fracture?
-raccoon eyes -CSF rhinorrhea
the lateral sides of the ethmoid bone form:
-superior nasal conchae -middle nasal conchae
list the important structures that we find in superior aspect of sphenoid bone?
-superior orbital fissure -foramen rotundum -foramen ovale -foramen spinosum -optic canal
what forms the zygomatic arch?
-zygomatic process of temporal bone -temporal process of zygomatic bone
how many cervical vertebrae do we have?
7
list the typical cervical vertebrae?
C3-C6
list all facial bones:
May Zayne Nurture & Love his Mom PIV -2 Maxilla -2 Zygomatic -2 Nasal -2 Lacrimal -1 Mandible -2 Palatine -2 Inferior nasal conchae -1 Vomer
what passes through the pterygopalatine fossa?
V2
what structures pass through the foramen rotundum?
V2
what structures pass through the foramen ovale?
V3
______ are where the sutures of the skull join
bregma & lambda
what is attached to the mastoid process of temporal bone?
cleidomastoid muscle
describe general structure of bones of the skull?
consist of: -inner plate (compact bone) -spongy bone -outer plate (compact bone)
what can we see on either side of crista galli of ethmoid bone?
cribiform plate
ethmoid bone is projected as ______
crista galli
what passes through the stylomastoid foramen?
facial nerve
gaps in the skull bones are called _____
fontanelles
where can we find foramen lacerum?
gap between temporal bone & sphenoid bone
what can we see below the zygomatic arch?
infratemporal fossa
basocranium is formed by ______
intrachondral ossification
calveria is formed by ______
intramembranous ossification
what is pterion?
junction of frontal parietal & temporal bones
space between the pterygoid plates of sphenoid bone?
nasal cavity
what is unique about the first cervical vertebra (C1)?
no body
what passes through cribiform plate?
olfactory nerve
what divides the nasal cavity?
perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
where can we find internal acoustic meatus?
petrous part of temporal bone
embryological origin of viscercranium?
pharyngeal arches
junction of frontal, parietal & temporal bone is called ______
pterion
what structure can we find in posterior view of sphenoid bone?
pterygoid plates
space between neurocranium & viscerocranium is called _____
pterygopalatine fossa
what can we find between mastoid process & styloid process of temporal bone?
stylomastoid foramen
important structure we see in orbital cavity?
superior & inferior orbital fissure of optic canal
what can we see in the superior view of the skull?
sutures
what distinguishes raccoon eyes from black eyes?
tarsal plate sparing
what can we see above the zygomatic arch?
temporal fossa
mandibular fossa forms the _____
tempromandibular joint
clinical significance of pterygoid plates of sphenoid bone?
they are attached to muscles of mastication
what are buttresses?
thickened portions of cranial bones that are very hard to break
clinical importance of pterion?
trauma to pterion can damage MMA
how is the mandible connected to temporal bone?
via condylar process of mandible
what can we find just above external acoustic meatus of temporal bone?
zygomatic process of temporal bone