Smartbook Ch. 8 & 9, BIOL 2213
Which statements describe the false ribs?
They indirectly articulate with the sternum through shared costal cartilages. They articulate with the thoracic vertebrae.
Which terms correctly describe the scapula?
broad, flat
The tarsal bones of the foot are analogous with the ______ bones of the wrist
carpal
A symphysis is a type of ______ joint.
cartilaginous
A large, smooth, rounded articulating oval structure on a bone is properly identified as a ______.
condyle
The vertebral canal contains the spinal __________ , whereas the intervertebral foramina allow for passage of the spinal nerves.
cord
Enclosing the brain is a function of ______.
cranial bones
The region of the leg from the knee to the ankle is called the ______ region.
crural
What tissue is sutures connects cranial bones firmly together?
dense regular connective tissue
An example of ______ is moving the mandible to open the mouth.
depression
Functionally, all synovial joints are classified as ______.
diarthroses
Which is a location of a synchondrosis?
epiphyseal plate
Straightening your arm at the elbow is an example of ______.
extension
True or false: The only gomphosis in the human body is between the radius and the ulna.
false
The strongest and heaviest bone in the body is the ______.
femur
Dense regular connective tissue connect bones in ______.
fibrous
Sutures are ______ joints.
fibrous
Syndesmoses are ______ joints.
fibrous
The crural region contains the tibia and
fibula
A lever system in which the fulcrum is located between the point of effort and the point of resistance is a ________-class lever.
first
A pair of scissors is an example of a ______-class lever.
first
The last two pairs of false ribs lack connections with the sternum, so they are classified as ______.
floating ribs
Which pairs describe the range of mobility of most fibrous joints?
immobile, slightly mobile
The true pelvis is ______ to the false pelvis.
inferior
Select any examples of a plane joint.
intertarsal joint, intercarpal joint
The depression between the greater and lesser tubercle is called the ______.
intertubercular sulcus
Lateral openings between adjacent vertebrae are called ______.
intervertebral foramina
The os coxae are made of three fused bones: the ilium, the ________, and the _______ .
ischium, pubis
The greater tubercle is more ______ than the lesser tubercle.
lateral
Identify the three arches of the foot.
lateral longitudinal arch, medial longitudinal arch, transverse arch
The scapula is part of the ______.
pectoral girdle
The glenoid cavity is part of the _____ girdle and the acetabulum is part of the _____ girdle.
pectoral, pelvic
The sacrum is part of the ______.
pelvis
Bones of the fingers are called ______.
phalanges
An individual with extra digits has ______.
polydactyly
The thoracic and sacral curvatures of the vertebral column are classified as
primary curves
The thoracic and sacral curvatures of the vertebral column are classified as ______.
primary curves
What is the function of foot arches?
protect blood vessels and nerves
Which component of the thoracic cage consists of a manubrium, body, and xiphoid process?
sternum
The clavicle extends between the manubrium of the _______ and the acromion of the _______.
sternum, scapula
Which are classified as synovial joints?
Glenohumeral, elbow, knee joint
The sternum is also referred to as the ______.
breastbone
Which is a joint in which articulating bones are joined by long strands of dense regular connective tissue?
Syndesmoses
How many bones are contained in each lower limb?
30
The number of bones in each upper limb is ______ bones.
30
How many metatarsal bones are found in one foot?
5
The number of metacarpal bones per upper limb is ______.
5
How many tarsal bones are found in each foot?
7
How many carpal bones are in each wrist?
8
How are syndesmoses classified in terms of mobility?
Amphiarthrotic
______ is the inferior movement of a part of the body.
Depression
______ rotation turns the anterior surface of the femur or humerus medially.
Medial
Fibrocartilage of a ______ resists compression and acts as a shock absorber.
Symphysis
Which are functions of the paranasal sinuses?
To humidify and warm inhaled air To provide resonance to the voice To lighten the weight of skull bones
Paranasal sinuses are normally filled with ______.
air
What are true of the pectoral girdle?
articulates with the body trunk supports the upper limb
A joint is also known as a(n) ______.
articulation
The hyoid and auditory ossicles are part of the ______ skeleton.
axial
The auricular surface of the ilium in a young adult appears ______.
billowing
Biomechanics is applying mechanical principles to ______.
biology
The practice of applying mechanical principles to biology is known as
biomechanics
The anterior, weight bearing part of each vertebra is known as the
body
The structures that allow the cranial bones of the fetal skull to overlap as a baby passes through the birth canal are called
fontanelles
A _______ is a rounded passageway through a bone.
foramen
Planar joints are also called ______ joints.
gliding
The os coxae is often referred to as the ______.
hip bone
Which bone associated with the skull is an attachment site for tongue and larynx muscles?
hyoid
Which bones are just inferior to the glabella?
nasal bones
If the symphysial surface is depressed and concave, the ossa coxae is most likely from a person who is ______.
over 50
In anatomical position the radius and ulna are ______.
parallel
The subpubic angle is also called the ______.
pubic arch
Which bone of the forearm is on the same side as the thumb?
radius
A lever is a(n) _______ object that rotates around a point called a(n) _______.
rigid, fulcrum
Which bones are part of the pelvis?
sacrum, coccyx, ossa coxae
A broad, flat, triangular bone that forms the shoulder blade is the ______.
scapula
A pectoral girdle consists of two bones, the ______ and the ______ .
scapula, clavicles
The clavicle is located between these two bones, the ______ and the ______ .
scapula, sternum
The structures that help to lighten the weight of certain skull bones and provides resonance to the voice are the
sinus cavities
Levers have the ability to alter which of the following?
speed of movement, direction of applied force, distance moved
A structure that is an immoveable joint forming the boundary between cranial bones is called a
suture
Immobile (synarthrotic) fibrous joints that are found between the bones of the skull are called
sutures
In terms of mobility, immobile joints are classified as ______.
synarthroses
How is a gomphosis characterized, in terms of movement?
synarthrosis
An articulation in which bones are joined by hyaline cartilage is called a ______.
synchondrosis
Which type of joint contains bones that are separated by a joint cavity?
synovial
Clicking or popping noise may be heard as the person opens or closes in the mouth when there is damage to the ______ joint.
temporomandibular
The femur is ______.
thigh bone
Which are the primary curves present in the vertebral column of a newborn?
thoracic and sacral curvature
The thoracic vertebrae, ribs, and sternum make up the ______.
thoracic cage
Which part of the axial skeleton acts as a protective framework around the vital organs of the thorax and provides attachment points for many muscles?
thoracic cage
The thoracic cage consists of the ______.
thoracic vertebrae, sternum, ribs
Which is a function of the cranial bones?
to surround and protect the brain
True or false: Bones are said to articulate with each other at a joint.
true
The pelvic organs are found in the ______.
true pelvis
Which part of the axial skeleton provides vertical support for the body while housing and protecting the spinal cord?
vertebral column
The subpubic angle is much ______ in women than in men.
wider