SmartBook chapter 5
Structural components of a triglycerides
A glycerol backbone and three attached fatty acids
A recipe may have to be adjusted when substituting reduced-fat margarines for regular margarine because of the extra________in the reduced-fat margarine
Water
An example of a sterol
cholesterol
Major functions of fatty acids and triglycerides in the body
Energy storage Transport of fat-soluble vitamins Insulation
True or false : phospholipids are essential parts of only a few types of cells, like adipose and liver cells
False phospholipds are an essential part of every body cell
A molecule with a long chain of carbons bonded together and flanked by hydrogens with an acid group on one end and a methyl group on the other end is called
Fatty acid
Functions of phospholipids in the body
Formation of cell membrane Absorption and transport of nutrients Digestion of fats
What is the primary health risk associated with a high intake of trans fat
Increased risk of heart disease
An example of a phospholipid is
Lecithin
An example of fatty acid is
Linoleic acid
Which fatty acids are considered essential fatty acid
Linoleic acid, alpha- linolenic acid
Women often have high HDL, affording them some protection against cardiovascular disease until
Menopause, they smoke or have diabetes
Monosaturated fatty acid
One carbon to carbon double bond
__________occurs over time as heat, light, or oxygen break down the double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids in food products, resulting in undesirable flavors and odors.
Rancidity
Health benefits associated with consuming a diet high in omega-3 fatty acid
Reduced risk of heart disease Decreased blood triglycerides levels Reduce inflammation
Which of the following has only carbon - carbon single bonds
Saturated fatty acid
Foods containing saturated fatty acids are ________ at room temperature
Solid
Which of the following substances are types of lipids ?
Triglycerides Cholesterol Saturated fatty acids
True or false: cholesterol can be made by the body
True
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Two of more carbon-carbon double bonds
Saturated fatty acid
no carbon-carbon double bonds
What are the components of a phospholipid molecule
phosphorus-containing molecute, glycerol backbone