SmartBook chapter 5

Structural components of a triglycerides

A glycerol backbone and three attached fatty acids

A recipe may have to be adjusted when substituting reduced-fat margarines for regular margarine because of the extra________in the reduced-fat margarine

Water

An example of a sterol

cholesterol

Major functions of fatty acids and triglycerides in the body

Energy storage Transport of fat-soluble vitamins Insulation

True or false : phospholipids are essential parts of only a few types of cells, like adipose and liver cells

False phospholipds are an essential part of every body cell

A molecule with a long chain of carbons bonded together and flanked by hydrogens with an acid group on one end and a methyl group on the other end is called

Fatty acid

Functions of phospholipids in the body

Formation of cell membrane Absorption and transport of nutrients Digestion of fats

What is the primary health risk associated with a high intake of trans fat

Increased risk of heart disease

An example of a phospholipid is

Lecithin

An example of fatty acid is

Linoleic acid

Which fatty acids are considered essential fatty acid

Linoleic acid, alpha- linolenic acid

Women often have high HDL, affording them some protection against cardiovascular disease until

Menopause, they smoke or have diabetes

Monosaturated fatty acid

One carbon to carbon double bond

__________occurs over time as heat, light, or oxygen break down the double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids in food products, resulting in undesirable flavors and odors.

Rancidity

Health benefits associated with consuming a diet high in omega-3 fatty acid

Reduced risk of heart disease Decreased blood triglycerides levels Reduce inflammation

Which of the following has only carbon - carbon single bonds

Saturated fatty acid

Foods containing saturated fatty acids are ________ at room temperature

Solid

Which of the following substances are types of lipids ?

Triglycerides Cholesterol Saturated fatty acids

True or false: cholesterol can be made by the body

True

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

Two of more carbon-carbon double bonds

Saturated fatty acid

no carbon-carbon double bonds

What are the components of a phospholipid molecule

phosphorus-containing molecute, glycerol backbone