SO 1203 Sociology of Families Chapter 10 Review Quiz

Figure 10.7 shows which of the following effects of divorce on a family's economic status? A. After divorce the income of all family members' decreases. B. After the divorce the income of the children decreases if they live with their mother. C. After the divorce mother's and father's income increases but the children's income decreases. D. After divorce the income of all family members' increases.

A. After divorce the income of all family members' decreases.

What does Figure 10.3 indicate about the relationship between the age at marriage and the likelihood of divorce? A. The overall trend shows that the older people are when they marry, the higher their chances are of divorcing in the first 10 years. B. Those who marry in their early 20s are more likely to divorce in the first 10 years of marriage than those who marry before the age of 20. C. Those who marry before the age of 20 are about twice as likely to divorce as those who marry after the age of 25. D. Those who marry after the age of 25 are more likely to divorce in the first 10 years compared to those who marry between the ages of 20-25.

C. Those who marry before the age of 20 are about twice as likely to divorce as those who marry after the age of 25.

Figure 10.2 shows that the U.S. divorce rate __________ in the years following World War II and then __________ until the 1960s. A. declined; increased B. declined; continued to decline C. increased; continued to increase D. increased; declined

D. increased; declined

The dramatic increase in divorce rates in the late twentieth century, often referred to as the divorce revolution, can be understood as the result of __________. Choose all that apply. a. an overall increase in the rate of infidelity associated with the "free love" movement b. a continued increase of divorce rates that were already on the rise c. baby boomers' different attitudes regarding divorce and family commitments d. the liberalization of family law across the country, which made it much easier to divorce

b. a continued increase of divorce rates that were already on the rise c. baby boomers' different attitudes regarding divorce and family commitments d. the liberalization of family law across the country, which made it much easier to divorce

Monique and Tyrone are stepsiblings who live in a household with Tyrone's mother, who is Monique's stepmother, and Monique's father, who is Tyrone's stepfather. According to the textbook their family can be considered a a. dynamic family. b. blended family. c. boundary ambiguity. d. adoptive family.

b. blended family.

Which term refers to the legal dissolution of marriage according to the laws of the state? a. separation b. divorce c. relationship dissolution d. marital dissolution

b. divorce

How have custody outcomes changed in the last several decades due to a new appreciation of the challenges families now face after divorce? Choose all that apply. a. Wages are no longer garnished from parents who do not make child support payments. b. States and local governments have increased their enforcement of child support orders. c. Shared custody and father-only custody decisions by judges have become more common. d. Judges are more often likely to initially presume that joint custody is the best outcome.

b. States and local governments have increased their enforcement of child support orders. c. Shared custody and father-only custody decisions by judges have become more common. d. Judges are more often likely to initially presume that joint custody is the best outcome.

Match each of the following divorce aspects with one of the categories, developed by Paul Amato, of the child's experience and well-being during and after a divorce. A. attentive parenting, diminished conflict, and continued involvement of both parents B. permanent emotional changes C. residential moves, job and school transitions, and economic hardship D. new roles and identities in the family or social environment E. coping skills, interpersonal skill, and self-confidence F. witnessing or being part of conflicts such as arguing or shouting Possible answers: a. protective factors to help prevent negative effects b. post-divorce outcomes c. stressful aspects of the divorce process

A B C B A C

Figure 10.10 shows us percentage information for the people getting remarried in the United States in 2011. Which of the following does this suggest about remarriage during that year? Choose all that apply. A. Twice as many men remarried during this year compared to women. B. Older people were more likely to remarry than younger people during this year. C. African Americans had the lowest rate of remarriage during this year. D. Younger people were more likely to remarry than older people.

A. Twice as many men remarried during this year compared to women. C. African Americans had the lowest rate of remarriage during this year. D. Younger people were more likely to remarry than older people.

How does the experience of living together with a partner (cohabitation) impact the likelihood that a couple will later divorce? a. Cohabitation does not affect the chance of divorcing if the couple eventually marries. b. On average, cohabitation before marriage decreases the likelihood that a couple will divorce. c. Cohabitation prior to marriage increases the odds of a couple divorcing in the first 10 years. d. Cohabitation increases the odds of relationship dissolution regardless of whether the couple marries.

a. Cohabitation does not affect the chance of divorcing if the couple eventually marries.

According to contemporary polling on attitudes regarding divorce, how is the pattern of support for divorce related to a person's political views? a. Conservatives tend to be less approving of divorce because they fear it causes harm to children and weakens families. b. Liberals tend to be less approving of divorce because they believe it contributes to increased gender inequality. c. Liberals tend to be less approving of divorce because they see it as something that threatens overall family stability and causes more poverty. d. Conservatives tend to be more supportive of divorce because their political ideology emphasizes the importance of freedom of association.

a. Conservatives tend to be less approving of divorce because they fear it causes harm to children and weakens families.

Which of the following conclusions can be made from the research that has been done on divorce and adults' happiness? Choose all that apply. a. Divorce provides some stress relief to unhappy couples. b. Unhappy people are more likely to get divorced. c. Divorced people experience a stigmatized status that can increase unhappiness. d. The process of divorce increases the odds of those involved experiencing unhappiness.

a. Divorce provides some stress relief to unhappy couples. b. Unhappy people are more likely to get divorced. c. Divorced people experience a stigmatized status that can increase unhappiness. d. The process of divorce increases the odds of those involved experiencing unhappiness.

According to data on U.S. divorces in 2012, what is the relationship between education and the divorce rate? a. Divorces are the least common for college graduates compared to everyone else. b. There is no relationship between level of education and the divorce rate. c. People who did not earn a high school diploma are the least likely to divorce. d. Divorce is the least common among people who attended college but did not graduate.

a. Divorces are the least common for college graduates compared to everyone else.

How might the existence of boundary ambiguities cause difficulties for the members of a blended family? Choose all that apply. a. Older children are less likely to see their new stepparent as a true parent in a blended family. b. Fluid living arrangements can undermine the physical sense of family that is normally present. c. Family members can have a difficult time knowing what their specific role in the family is. d. Remarried adults have less autonomy in their new relationships, causing family conflict.

a. Older children are less likely to see their new stepparent as a true parent in a blended family. b. Fluid living arrangements can undermine the physical sense of family that is normally present. c. Family members can have a difficult time knowing what their specific role in the family is.

Research shows that relationship dynamics play a role in the cause of divorce; specifically, couples are more likely to divorce when they do which of the following? Choose all that apply. a. describe themselves as unhappy in their marriages b. have heated arguments, shout at, or hit each other c. spend a lot of their leisure time doing things together d. disagree frequently about money, time together, sex, and their in-laws

a. describe themselves as unhappy in their marriages b. have heated arguments, shout at, or hit each other d. disagree frequently about money, time together, sex, and their in-laws

The main difference between the crude divorce rate and the refined divorce rate for a given country is that a. the refined divorce rate specifies how many divorces there are among all married couples whereas the crude divorce rate specifies the number of divorces there are relative to the total population. b. the refined divorce rate indicates how many annulments there are compared to all married couples whereas the crude divorce rate indicates how many divorces there are compared to all married couples. c. the crude divorce rate indicates the number of divorces compared to the number of married couples whereas the refined divorce indicates how many divorces there are relative to all separations. d. the crude divorce rate indicates how many divorces have been attempted whereas the refined divorce rate indicates how many successful divorces have occurred.

a. the refined divorce rate specifies how many divorces there are among all married couples whereas the crude divorce rate specifies the number of divorces there are relative to the total population.

According to data on U.S. divorces in 2012, what is the relationship between racial-ethnic groups and the divorce rate? a. Divorces are the least common for Whites compared to all other racial-ethnic groups. b. Divorces are the most common among American Indians and African Americans. c. Divorces are the least common for Hispanics compared to all other racial-ethnic groups. d. Divorce rates were equal across all racial-ethnic groups in the United States in 2012.

b. Divorces are the most common among American Indians and African Americans.

Which of the following is an example of how members of a blended family may benefit from their experience in this type of a family? a. Blended families tend to have higher incomes than families that are not blended. b. Remarried adults tend to preserve their autonomy more than they did in their first marriage. c. Children of remarried adults are more likely to graduate from college. d. Blended families are more likely to have well-defined roles for each family member.

b. Remarried adults tend to preserve their autonomy more than they did in their first marriage.

The divorce-marriage ratio is used in order to __________. Choose all that apply. a. indicate how many people who were previously divorced have now remarried in a given year b. provide a number that directly indicates a country's divorce rate c. directly compare the frequency of divorces to that of new marriages for a given year d. estimate what the odds are that a couple who marry today will end up getting divorced

b. provide a number that directly indicates a country's divorce rate c. directly compare the frequency of divorces to that of new marriages for a given year d. estimate what the odds are that a couple who marry today will end up getting divorced

While divorce provides a legal dissolution of a marriage according to the laws of a state, an annulment of marriage is different because a. it provides legal proof that a couple is separated for tax purposes pending a divorce. b. it provides a temporary divorce status that can be reversed for one year if the couple desires. c. it is considered a legal or religious determination that the marriage was never valid. d. it is a determination—religious only—that the couple is now divorced in the eyes of the church.

c. it is considered a legal or religious determination that the marriage was never valid.

Research on the income effect of employment on the divorce rate indicates which of these conclusions? a. If both spouses have higher education and are employed, the higher income provides them with the resources to easily divorce and so they are more likely to divorce. b. If both spouses have higher education and are employed, the higher income creates conflict and so they are more likely to divorce. c. If both spouses have less education and low-paying jobs, the lower income makes it difficult to divorce and so they are less likely to divorce. d. If both spouses have higher education and are employed, the higher income serves as a source of stability and so they are less likely to divorce.

d. If both spouses have higher education and are employed, the higher income serves as a source of stability and so they are less likely to divorce.

How do the contemporary debates about marriage rights today—same-sex marriage for example—differ from the debates about marriage rights in the late nineteenth century? a. In the late nineteenth century, the major debate over marriage rights involved whether interracial couples should be allowed to marry. b. In the late nineteenth century, the major debate centered on whether couples with young children should be allowed to have a legal divorce. c. In the late nineteenth century, the major debate was about whether couples had the right to have a religious marriage annulled. d. In the late nineteenth century, the major debate over marriage centered on whether the guilty party in a divorce should be allowed to remarry.

d. In the late nineteenth century, the major debate over marriage centered on whether the guilty party in a divorce should be allowed to remarry.

Research on the independence effect of women's employment on the divorce rate indicates which of these conclusions? a. Women's employment increases the tendency of women to leave happy marriages. b. Women's employment is strongly associated with divorce for all types of marriages. c. Women's employment has no effect on the divorce rate. d. Women's employment increases the likelihood of divorce, but only for women who are unhappy in their marriage.

d. Women's employment increases the likelihood of divorce, but only for women who are unhappy in their marriage.

Mahir and Dalia are a recently divorced couple. Dalia was unemployed for most of their eight years of marriage but she began working at an entry-level retail job two years ago. Both spouses also had experienced varying degrees of stress and unhappiness during the last few years of their marriage. The circumstances leading up to their divorce are most indicative of which effect discussed in your textbook? a. depression effect b. income effect c. stress effect d. independence effect

d. independence effect