Soc 1 Final

Same-sex couple households account for _____ percent of American households. 1 10 15 30

1

Which of the following is an example of collective behavior? A soldier questioning orders A group of people interested in hearing an author speak A class going on a field trip Going shopping with a friend

A group of people interested in hearing an author speak

France might be classified as which kind of nation? Global Core Semi-peripheral Peripheral

Core

How does gentrification affect cities? They become more crowded. Less affluent residents are pushed into less desirable areas. Traffic issues, including pollution, become worse. All of the above

Less affluent residents are pushed into less desirable areas.

Which of the following organizations is not an example of a social movement? National Football League Tea Party Greenpeace NAACP

National Football League

Which of the following is true of intimate partner violence (IPV)? IPV victims are more frequently men than women. One in ten women is a victim of IPV. Nearly half of instances of IPV involve drugs or alcohol. Rape is the most common form of IPV.

Nearly half of instances of IPV involve drugs or alcohol.

Which type of child abuse is most prevalent in the United States? Physical abuse Neglect Shaken-baby syndrome Verbal mistreatment

Neglect

When sociologists think about technology as an agent of social change, which of the following is not an example? Population growth Medical advances The Internet Genetically engineered food

Population growth

Where does a large percentage of e-waste wind up? Incinerators Recycled in peripheral nations Repurposed into new electronics Dumped into ocean repositories

Recycled in peripheral nations

Upton Sinclair's The Jungle examines the circumstances of the working poor people in what area? The jungles of Africa An American farm The Chicago meatpacking industry A New England mill town

The Chicago meatpacking industry

What does carrying capacity refer to? The ability of a community to welcome new immigrants The capacity for globalism within a given ethnic group The amount of life that can be supported sustainably in a particular environment The amount of weight that urban centers can bear if vertical growth is mandated

The amount of life that can be supported sustainably in a particular environment

The "tragedy of the commons" is a reference to what? Global warming African landowners The common grazing lands in Oxford The misuse of private space

The common grazing lands in Oxford

What three factors did Malthus believe would limit human population? Self-preservation, old age, and illness Natural cycles, illness, and immigration Violence, new diseases, and old age War, famine, and disease

War, famine, and disease

If a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitably favor high-income nations over low-income nations, he is a: functionalist dependency theorist modernization theorist symbolic interactionist

dependency theorist

A ____________ perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure. functional conflict feminist symbolic interactionist

functional

In general, children in ______ households benefit from divorce. stepfamily multigenerational high-conflict low-conflict

high-conflict

One flaw in modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize _________. that semi-peripheral nations are incapable of industrializing that peripheral nations prevent semi-peripheral nations from entering the global market its inherent ethnocentric bias the importance of semi-peripheral nations industrializing

its inherent ethnocentric bias

China is undergoing a shift in industry, increasing labor specialization and the amount of differentiation present in the social structure. This exemplifies: human ecology dependency theory modernization conflict perspective

modernization

If a sociologist says that nations evolve towards more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using _______ theory to study the global economy. modernization theory dependency theory modern dependency theory evolutionary dependency theory

modernization theory

According to the study cited from the U.S. Census Bureau, children who live with ______ grow up with more advantages than children who live with ______. one unwed parent; one divorced parent one divorced parent; two married parents one grandparent; two married parents one divorced parent; one unwed parent

one divorced parent; one unwed parent

A child who associates his line of descent with his father's side only is part of a _____ society. matrilocal bilateral matrilineal patrilineal

patrilineal

A woman being married to two men would be an example of: monogamy polygyny polyandry cohabitation

polyandry

A boy throwing rocks during a demonstration might be an example of ___________. structural conduciveness structural strain precipitating factors mobilization for action

precipitating factors

If a movement claims that the best way to reverse climate change is to reduce carbon emissions by outlawing privately owned cars, "outlawing cars" is the ________. prognostic framing diagnostic framing motivational framing frame transformation

prognostic framing

When the League of Women Voters successfully achieved its goal of women being allowed to vote, they had to undergo frame __________, a means of completely changing their goals to ensure continuing relevance. extension amplification bridging transformation

transformation

What are ways that human activity impacts the water supply? Creating sewage Spreading chemicals Increasing radioactivity All of the above

All of the above Creating sewage Spreading chemicals Increasing radioactivity

In the Concentric Zone model, Zone B is likely to house what? The city's industrial center Wealthy commuter homes Formerly wealthy homes split into cheap apartments Rural outposts

Formerly wealthy homes split into cheap apartments

Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model? It is too broad and accounts for too many aspects of family. It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages. It does not serve a practical purpose for studying family behavior. It is not based on comprehensive research.

It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages.

What are the two primary methods of waste disposal? Landfill and incineration Incineration and compost Decomposition and incineration Marine dumping and landfills

Landfill and incineration

What is not a negative outcome of shoreline dredging? Damaged coral reefs Death of marine life Ruined sea grass beds Reduction of human population

Reduction of human population

What does cornucopian theory believe? That human ingenuity will solve any issues that overpopulation creates That new diseases will always keep populations stable That the earth will naturally provide enough for whatever number of humans exist That the greatest risk is population reduction, not population growth

That human ingenuity will solve any issues that overpopulation creates

Sociologists using conflict perspective might study what? How social movements develop What social purposes a movement serves What motivates inequitably treated people to join a movement What individuals hope to gain from taking part in a social movement

What motivates inequitably treated people to join a movement

Slavery in the pre-Civil War American South most closely resembled chattel Slavery debt Bondage relative Poverty peonage

chattel Slavery

Children of divorced parents are _______ to divorce in their own marriage than children of parents who stayed married. more likely less likely equally likely

more likely

The majority of American children live in: two-parent households one-parent households no-parent households multigenerational households

two-parent households

A sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would: study how inequality is created and reproduced study how corporations can improve the lives of their low-income workers try to understand how companies provide an advantage to high-income nations compared to low-income nations want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis

want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis

Section Quiz The population of the planet doubled in 50 years to reach _______ in 1999? 6 billion 7 billion 5 billion 10 billion

6 billion

What are the prerequisites for the existence of a city? Good environment with water and a favorable climate Advanced agricultural technology Strong social organization All of the above

All of the above Good environment with water and a favorable climate Advanced agricultural technology Strong social organization

According to emergent-norm theory, crowds are: irrational and impulsive often misinterpreted and misdirected able to develop their own definition of the situation prone to criminal behavior

able to develop their own definition of the situation

Maya is a 12-year-old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in _________ poverty. subjective absolute relative global

absolute

In an American town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. They sell goods to the workers at inflated prices, offer house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and make sure to always pay the workers less than needed to cover food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This most closely resembles: child slavery chattel slavery debt slavery servile marriage

debt slavery

Sociologists tend to define family in terms of how a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption the connection of bloodlines the status roles that exist in a family structure how closely members adhere to social norms

how a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption

While PETA is a social movement organization, taken together, the animal rights social movement organizations PETA, ALF, and Greenpeace are a(n) __________. social movement industry social movement sector social movement party social industry

social movement industry

Current divorce rates are: at an all-time high at an all-time low steadily increasing steadily declining

steadily declining

Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing: global poverty subjective poverty absolute poverty relative poverty

subjective poverty

Urbanization includes the sociological study of what? Urban economics Urban politics Urban environments All of the above

All of the above Urban economics Urban politics Urban environments

Core nations that work to propel peripheral nations toward modernization need to be aware of: preserving peripheral nation cultural identity preparing for pitfalls that come with modernization avoiding hegemonistic assumptions about modernization all of the above

all of the above preserving peripheral nation cultural identity preparing for pitfalls that come with modernization avoiding hegemonistic assumptions about modernization

How are the suburbs of Paris different than those of most U.S. cities? They are connected by public transportation. There are more industrial and business opportunities there. They are synonymous with housing projects and urban poor. They are less populated.

They are synonymous with housing projects and urban poor.

What types of municipal projects often result in environmental racism? Toxic dumps or other objectionable projects The location of schools, libraries, and other cultural institutions Hospitals and other health and safety sites Public transportation options

Toxic dumps or other objectionable projects

Couples who cohabitate before marriage are ______ couples who did not cohabitate before marriage to be married at least 10 years. far more likely than far less likely than slightly less likely than equally as likely as

slightly less likely than

Which is an example of environmental racism? The fact that a disproportionate percentage of people of color live in environmentally hazardous areas Greenpeace protests The prevalence of asbestos in formerly "whites only" schools Prejudice similar to racism against people with different environmental views than one's own

The fact that a disproportionate percentage of people of color live in environmentally hazardous areas

What does human ecology theory address? The relationship between humans and their environments The way that humans impact technology How human population reduces the variety of nonhuman species The relationship between humans and other species

The relationship between humans and their environments

A functionalist would address which issue? The way that inner city areas become ghettoized and limit availability to jobs The way that immigration and emigration trends strengthen global relationships How racism and sexism impact the population composition of rural communities The way that humans interact with environmental resources on a daily basis

The way that immigration and emigration trends strengthen global relationships

What led to the creation of the exurbs? Urban sprawl and crowds moving into the city The high cost of suburban living The housing boom of the 1980s Gentrification

Urban sprawl and crowds moving into the city

The median age of first marriage has ______ in the last 50 years. increased for men but not women decreased for men but not women increased for both men and women decreased for both men and women

increased for both men and women

Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like dried beans and ramen noodles. Since he does not have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike is living in: global poverty absolute poverty subjective poverty relative poverty

relative poverty

If we divide social movements according to their position among all social movements in a society, we are using the __________ theory to understand social movements. framing new social movement resource mobilization value-added

resource mobilization

One flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize _______. that previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations that previously high-income nations such as China have been economically overpowered by low-income nations entering the global marketplace that countries such as China are growing more dependent on core nations that countries such as China do not necessarily want to be more like core nations

that previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations

Social movements are: disruptive and chaotic challenges to the government ineffective mass movements the collective action of individuals working together in an attempt to establish new norms beliefs, or values the singular activities of a collection of groups working to challenge the status quo

the collective action of individuals working together in an attempt to establish new norms beliefs, or values

Children in peripheral nations have little to no daily access to computers and the internet, while children in core nations are constantly exposed to this technology. This is an example of: the digital divide human ecology modernization theory dependency theory

the digital divide

In addition to social movements, social change is also caused by technology, social institutions, population and ______ . the environment modernization social structure new social movements

the environment

The protesters at the Egypt uprising rally were: a casual crowd a conventional crowd a mass an acting crowd

an acting crowd

Research suggests that people generally feel that their current family is _______ than the family they grew up with. less close more close at least as close none of the above

at least as close

In the past, the United States manufactured clothes. Many clothing corporations have shut down their American factories and relocated to China. This is an example of: conflict theory OECD global inequality capital flight

capital flight

A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a _________ perspective to understand the global economy. functional conflict theory feminist symbolic interactionist

conflict theory

Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that: core nations and peripheral nations exploit semi-peripheral nations semi-peripheral nations exploit core nations peripheral nations exploit core nations core nations exploit peripheral nations

core nations exploit peripheral nations