SOC 343 - Final Exam

Be familiar with the sick role.

- affects the middle class orientation - exempt from social roles - not responsible for his or her condition - should try and get well - should seek technically competent help and cooperate with the physician

medicalization

- previously nonmedical problems defined and treated as a medical problem - form of social control

The _____________ was founded in Philadelphia in 1847.

American Medical Association

Who was one of the leading proponents of the labeling theory?

Becker

The most prominent group in American society advocating a preference for religious healing is the ________.

Catholic Church

Osteopaths earn what degree?

D.O.

T or F: Female physicians are more likely to play the doctor-nurse game with both males and females nurses.

False

T or F: One aspect of medical training that appears in several studies of medical students is the finding that the experience tends to promote emotional attachment to patients.

False

T or F: Parson's concept of the sick role applies to chronic illnesses as well as acute illnesses.

False

T or F: The AMA supported the implementation of Medicare.

False

T or F: The patient-physician relationship is not intended by society to be therapeutic in nature.

False

T or F: The primary reason given by many medical students for choosing a career in medicine has been that of "wanting to have a higher income".

False

______ typically have a bachelor's degree, experience in health care as a nurse or paramedic, and become qualified after completing a training program of approximately 26 months.

PAs

Which theorist argues that physician-patient interaction falls into one of three possible models?

Szasz and Hollender

T or F: Better-educated and younger adults tend to be more skeptical of physician motives in providing treatment.

True

Who unveiled a general concept of disease based on cellular pathology?

Vercao

The ________ model applies when the patient is seriously ill or being treated on an emergency basis in a state or relative helplessness due to a severe injury or lack of consciousness.

activity-passivity

Parson's concept of the sick role seems to typically apply only to what type of diseases?

acute diseases

How did Parsons view the function of medicine?

as a form of social control

The _________ approach to healing involves manipulation of the bones in the spinal column.

chiropractic

People with middle and upper socioeconomic status tend to be more ________ and active participants in the physician-patient encounter.

consumer-oriented

At the beginning of the 21st century, we are witnessing that the dominance of the medical profession is _________.

declining

Doctor-patient relationships in the U.S. have seriously _______ in recent years.

eroded

This method of payment is consistent with the principle of the open market, in which the consumers of health care, like the consumers of other products are free to chose which health care providers offer the best services at prices they can afford.

fee for service

What attracted corporations to health care delivery and has potential for ________.

financial profit

What is a traditionally female dominated industry?

general practice medicine

About 75% of licensed, registered and practical nurses in the U.S. work in _______.

hospitals and nursing homes

"A state or condition of suffering as the result of a disease or sickness" defines what?

illness

Those who use faith and folk healers typically come from a __________ background.

lower-class

What is one of the earliest forms of care available to women?

midwifery

Nightingale incorporated the best attributes of the _____ and the _____ into her ideal nurse.

mother; housekeeper

The central rule of the doctor-nurse game is to avoid ________.

open disagreement between players

Who are the key sources of medication information for the general public?

pharmacists

People with chronic health problems requiring long-term hospitalization tend to be sent to _______ institutions.

public

What is NOT an important factor in establishing prestige within the medical profession?

race of practitioner

The medical profession in the U.S. has had a consistent record of ______ to social legislation.

resistance

Millman contended that a "gentleman's agreement" existed among the hospital physicians. What did this agreement allow for?

to overlook each other's mistakes

Few ________ go to folk healers.

whites

One out of every ____ counties in the U.S. does not have a single doctor.

20

Which theorist takes the position that the seriousness of the patient's symptoms is the determining factor of doctor-patient interaction?

Szasz and Hollender

T or F: Nursing represents the largest single group of health care workers in the U.S.

True

T or F: Sociologists have typically viewed sickness as a form of deviant behavior.

True

A major barrier in effective communication lies in the differences between physicians and their patients with respect to what?

all of the above

Currently, _________ may hold doctorates in their field.

all of the above

People use CAM techniques because they are _____.

all of the above

The "golden age" of doctoring was marked by ________.

all of the above

The decline in the status and autonomy of physicians is largely due to greater __________.

all of the above

What is NOT a contributor to the increase in health care expenditures?

all of the above

What is the role of a managed health care organization?

all of the above

What is a gatekeeper?

primary care physician that screens patients before referring them