SOCI 1101

W.E.B. Du Bois described African Americans as having a "double consciousness" because

AA citizens who have second identity based on skin color

Akbar is an honor student. In sociological terms, being an honor student is an example of which of the following?

Achieved status

Examples of people applying their knowledge of sociology at work include people in

All of the above

The concept "sociology" was coined in 1838 by

Auguste Comte

Identify the three sociologists who played a part in the development of sociology's structural-functional approach.

Auguste Comte, Herbert Spencer, Emile Durkheim

Making use of the sociological perspective encourages

Challenging many commonly-held beliefs

The two sociological perspectives that focus on the broader picture, or the macrosociological approach, are ________.

Conflict theory and Functionalism

Which of the following statements is based on a symbolic-interaction analysis of sports?

Each player understands the game a little differently

The pioneering sociologist who studied patterns of suicide in Europe was

Emilie Durkheim

If you were to conduct sociological research that closely follows the logic of science, which research method would you MOST likely use?

Experiment

A variable that is changed by another variable is called the "independent variable."

False

Both Jane Addams and Harriet Martineau are remembered today because they were married to important sociologists.

False

Both Karl Marx and W.E.B. Du Bois carried out their work following the structural-functional approach.

False

Participant observation is a research method by which researchers stand back from a setting, watch from a distance, and then carefully record the behavior of others.

False

Sociological research shows that all categories of people have had the same opportunities to participate in sports.

False

The focus of the symbolic-interaction approach is how society is divided by class, race, and gender.

False

The goal of the structural-functional approach is not simply to understand how society operates, but to reduce social inequality.

False

The term "sociology" was coined by Emile Durkheim in 1898.

False

W.E.B. Du Bois translated the writings of Auguste Comte from French into English.

False

Sociology differs from the older discipline of philosophy by focusing on

How society actually operates

"A statement of a possible relationship between two or more variables" is the definition of which concept?

Hypothesis

A criticism of the symbolic-interaction approach is that it

Ignores the influence of facts such as culture, class, gender, and race

A theory states that increasing a person's formal higher education results in increased earnings over the individual's lifetime. In this theory, "higher education" is the

Independent Variable

If you were trying to measure the "social class" of various people, you would have to keep in mind that

It is necessary to specify exactly what you are measuring

Which pioneering sociologist founded Chicago's Hull House to assist immigrants and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize?

Jane Addams

Which of the following is the BEST example of a latent function of going to college?

Keeping young people out of the labor force, which may not have jobs for them

A researcher doing participant observation may often "break in" to a setting more easily with the help of a

Key informant

Unrecognized and unintended consequences of a social pattern are called

Latent Functions

Using the symbolic-interaction approach, sports becomes

Less a system than an ongoing process.

Madeleine's position as president of the local university over shadows her work as a wife, mother, and volunteer for the Salvation Army. In view of this, university president is Madeleine's ________.

Master Status

Which of the following founding sociologists urged sociologists to understand a social setting from the point of view of the people in it?

Max weber

Which of the following is a criticism of the structural-functional approach?

Not critical of inequalities based on social class, race, ethnicity, and gender

Sociologists use the term "social marginality" to refer to

People who are defined by others as an "outsider"

________ is a way of understanding the world based on science.

Positivism

Which of the following is a manifest function of sports?

Providing recreation and physical conditioning

By stating that the sociological perspective shows us "the strange in the familiar," the text argues that sociologists

Reject the familiar idea that people simply decide how to act in favor of the initially strange idea that society shapes our lives.

A small number of people that are used to represent a much larger population is called a

Sample

The process by which people act and react in relation to others is called

Social Interaction

The degree to which members of a society feel united by shared values and other social bonds is what Durkheim referred to as ________.

Social integration

The sociological focus of microsociology places its emphasis on ________.

Social interaction

Which concept is used to describe relatively stable patterns of social behavior?

Social structure

The "framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change" is the

Social-conflict approach

The people of Moravia share a common culture and have a specified territory in which they live. Sociologically, they would best be classified as a ________.

Society

The people of Swataraland share the same tools, technology, values, beliefs, mores, and norms. They also live together in a territory with definitive borders. In view of this, the people of Swataraland comprise a[n] ________.

Society

The social contexts in which people live and how those contexts influence their lives are called ________.

Sociological Perspective

Which discipline defines itself as "the systematic study of human society"?

Sociology

An apparent, although false, association between two variables that is caused by a third variable is called a(n) ________ correlation.

Spurious

The theoretical approach in sociology that assumes society is a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability is the

Structural functional approach

Qualitative research has special appeal to investigators who favor the ________ approach.

Symbolic-interaction approach

Which theoretical approach claims that it is not so much what people do that matters as much as what meaning they attach to their behavior?

Symbolic-interaction approachI

Which of the following BEST describes the focus of the structural-functional approach?

The consequences of social patterns for the operation of society

Looking at the operation of U.S. schools, the social-conflict approach might lead a sociologist to conclude that

The policy of tracking provides some students with far better schooling than others

A statement that explains how and why specific facts are related is called a(n)

Theory

Empirical evidence refers to what we can verify with our senses.

True

Repeating a study by other researchers to compare results is referred to as replication.

True

Sociology is useful training for any job that involves working with people.

True

The sociological perspective helps us assess the truth of the "common sense" beliefs we tend to take for granted.

True

The structural-functional, social-conflict, and symbolic-interaction approaches are three basic theoretical approaches in sociology.

True

The symbolic-interaction approach is a micro-level orientation

True

Which of the following examples illustrates a micro-level focus?

Two people on an airplane getting to know each other

Which early sociologist received the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color?

WEB DuBois

Using the structural-functional approach, which of the following questions might you ask about marriage?

What are the consequences of marriage for the operation of society?

The social-conflict approach sometimes receives criticism for

being openly political

A variable that causes change in another variable is called the "dependent variable."

false

A variable that is changed by another variable is called the "independent variable

false

To evaluate a theory using evidence, sociologists

gather data or facts

When did sociology become established as an academic discipline in the United States?

in the 1900s

Which of the following is an accurate criticism of the structural-functional approach?

it ignore the inequality that can generate tension and conflict

Building social relationships and creating jobs are two of the ________ of sports.

latent functions

Jennie is studying how the President's new economic policies are affecting employment and unemployment rates, homelessness, and the amount of money people save. In view of this, Jennie is primarily utilizing which sociological approach?

macro sociology

The recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern are referred to as

manifest functions

Most of today's sociologists agree with Auguste Comte's claim that

science has an important place in sociology

What is the use of objective and systematic observation to test theories, one that is often employed by sociologists

scientific method

The ________ approaches are macro-level, describing societies in broad terms.

structural-functional and social-conflict

The social institution responsible for protecting a society from its enemies and supporting the national interests is ________.

the military

The major goal of sociology's pioneers, including Auguste Comte and Emile Durkheim, was

to discover how society actually operates

A survey is a research method in which subjects respond to a series of statements or questions.

true

Culture is the ways of thinking, ways of acting, and material objects that together form a people's way of life.

true

To identify cause-and-effect relationships, it is usually necessary to exercise experimental control of variables.

true

The ideal of objectivity means that a researcher must

try to adopt a stance of personal neutrality toward the outcome of research