Social Problems (FINAL)
Approximately high much higher is the teen pregnancy rate for African Americans compared to non-Hispanic whites?
3xs higher
About what percent of the Fortune 500 companies have policies banning discrimination based on sexual orientation?
43%
Approximately what percentage of Americans living in poverty are either children or the elderly?
43%
About what percent of U.S. income does the top fifth of the population have?
50%
According to our textbook- About what percent of all crimes apparently go unreported?
50%
Many poor families spend more than what percent on their rent?
50%
About what percent of American adults are currently married?
55%
Today, more than what percent of married women with children under six years of age are in the labor force?
60%
About what percent of U.S. high school graduates attend college?
65%
Approximately what percentage of African American and Latino children live in low-income families?
66%
About what percent of medical schools provide training about LGBT health issues?
67%
What percentage do women comprise of the world's poor population?
70%
What percent of Americans in the 20-75-age range have either lived in or near poverty for one year?
75%
What percentage of all capital gains are received by the top one percent of the income earners?
75%
The U.S. high school graduation rate is about what percent?
76%
About what percent of Americans were married in 1960?
85%
People from different races have what percent of their DNA the same?
99%
The U.S. Department of Justice estimates that about how many acts of violence are committed annually by one intimate against another intimate?
About 500,000
Children who attended Head Start programs are more likely to?
All of the above
Conflict theorists hold that (aofa)
All of the above
Conflict theory believes which of the following are examples of a problem becoming "medicalized" to enrich doctors?
All of the above
Opium was commonly used before and after the Civil War because it ____
All of the above
People who are considered part of the same ethnic group, share which of the same items below?
All of the above
Rape is more common in societies
All of the above
According to the text, war and the threat of war are considered perhaps the most pressing social problem of our times. (T/F)
True
Americans place more emphasis on the ideal of romantic love as a basis for marriage compared in other western democracies. (T/F)
True
Among industrialized nations, the US has the highest degree of income inequality.
True
C. Wright Mills emphasized that unemployment is best viewed more as a public issue than as a personal trouble.
True
Conflict theory attributes world hunger to inequalities in the distribution of food rather than to overpopulation. (T/F)
True
Contemporary terrorists tend to come from well-to-do families and to be well educated themselves. (T/F)
True
Deviance is behavior that violates social norms and arouses strong social disapproval. (T/F)
True
Drug use is functional because it provides users the various positive physiological effects that drugs have. (T/F)
True
From the presentation- Stigma affects not only people stigmatized but their families as well. (T/F)
True
Homosexuality in ancient Greece was not only approved but also encouraged. (T/F)
True
Humans have used mind-altering plants since prehistoric times. (T/F)
True
If a person believes that homosexuality is biological in origin, they are likely to be tolerant. (T/F)
True
Illness is socially defined, meaning it changes overtime and not culturally universal. For example in Victorian times what we describe as overweight factors (fatty diets, lack of exercise and over eating) was considered the norm of middle-class and upper-class people. In some culture overweight people are considered healthy and prosperous. (T/F)
True
Many experts believe it is a mistake to blame world hunger on a scarcity of food. (T/F)
True
Mortality is the flip side of fertility and refers to the number of deaths for every 1,000 people in a population in a given year. (T/F)
True
Most African Americans still live in neighborhoods that are heavily populated by African Americans and hence racially segregated. (T/F)
True
No one society is purely capitalist or socialist. (T/F)
True
One of the most important functions of the family is the socialization of children. (T/F)
True
Several alcohol companies rank among the largest corporations in the world. (T/F)
True
Sexual orientation is a person's preference for sexual relations. (T/F)
True
Socialization into gender roles begins in infancy. (T/F)
True
Sociologists define the economy as the social institution that organizes the production, distribution, and consumption of a society's goods and services. (T/F)
True
Some people might consider terrorists, freedom fighters. (T/F)
True
The Global Commission on Drug Policy's 2011 report suggested that decriminalization and even legalization of illegal drugs be seriously considered. (T/F)
True
The US has the largest health care spending per capita in the industrial world. (T/F)
True
The advantages of cities are often disadvantages for rural areas, and the disadvantages of cities are often advantages for rural areas. (T/F)
True
The economy is not the same as government. (T/F)
True
The four forms of terrorims include 1) State terrorism 2) Vigilante terrorism 3) Transnational terrorism 4) Insurgent terrorism. (T/F)
True
The public has moved from sexism toward feminism. (T/F)
True
Wealthy nations are more urban than poor nations (T/F)
True
When people move out of a region, we call it out-migration, or emigration. (T/F)
True
Workers' wages have essentially stagnated during the last three decades.
True
The underemployment rate when compared to the unemployment rate is?
Twice as large
Women married to or living with men spend
Two to three times as many hours per week on housework
Which of the following is recommended to reduce crime?
All of the above
Which of the following is true regarding homicide?
All of the above
Which of the following professions or business engage in "professional fraud"?
All of the above
Which of the following societies approved of homosexuality?
All of the above
Which of the following were recommended for cities to help the environment?
All of the above
Which of the following would be considered a non-violent crime?
All of the above
Why is there less poverty in other western nations?
All of the above
An androgynous gender is one in which
All of the answers
What is the name of the last stage of the natural history of a social problem?
Alternative strategies
The belief that socialization rather than biology is the key to behavior is sometimes referred to as?
Behavior modification
When Europe became Christian, what was the major influence that resulted in the prohibition of homosexuality?
Bible passages
Which group has the shortest life expectancy?
Black males
Another name for the individualistic explanation for poverty is?
Blame the victim
Which of the following is NOT a socialization explanation for why males commit more crime than females?
Boys are "hardwired" to be more physical
The text says that perhaps the most serious issue involving higher education is?
Cost
Social inequality characterizes the quality of health and the quality of health care is part of which theory about health?
Conflict
The belief that education perpetuates and reinforces existing social inequality is part of what theory?
Conflict
The practices of multinational corporations and weak regulation of these practices account for many environmental problems is part of which theory?
Conflict
War and militarism primarily advance the interests of the military-industrial complex is a belief of what theory?
Conflict
Which of the following theories would look at a bank robbery and demand changes in society's economic structure?
Conflict
Which theory most supports social change to reduce inequality?
Conflict
The statement: much drug use in poor urban areas results from the poverty, racial inequality, and other conditions affecting people in these locations, reflects what sociological perspective as discussed in Chapter 7?
Conflict theory
What may have contributed to an increase in homosexuality in early China?
Confucianism
The perception aspect of a social problem's existence is at the heart of which sociological viewpoint?
Constructionist
The social disorganization theory of crime does NOT include which of the following?
Education
A relatively recent example of left-wing insurgent terrorism is the infamous 1995 bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City by Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols that killed 168 people. (T/F)
False
Deviance results from the real bonds people have with their families are part of the labeling explanation of crime. (T/F)
False
Less than half of all college students agree that it is better if the man is the achiever outside the home and the woman takes care of the home and family. (T/F)
False
Males between the ages of 15-24 are more likely than females to engage in same sex behavior. (T/F)
False
Many studies find that teachers call on and praise boys more often. Teachers do this consciously. (T/F)
False
Married couples who have cohabited with each other before getting married are less likely to divorce than married couples who did not cohabit. (T/F)
False
More men than women are arrested for prostitution. (T/F)
False
Patients must perform the "sick role" in order to be perceived as legitimately ill and to be exempt from their normal obligations according to the conflict theory. (T/F)
False
School violence has increased since the 1990s. (T/F)
False
Sex Trafficking is not a problem in the United States. (T/F)
False
Street crime has more victims than White Collar crime. (T/F)
False
The DARE program was a huge success in reducing drug use. (T/F)
False
The percentage of teens having sex today has increased from the 1980s. (T/F)
False
There are more men attending college now than women. (T/F)
False
Which of the following is NOT a reason given for the declining crime rate?
Fewer men
The extent of a person's physical, mental, and social well-being is the definition of?
Health
The use of military power and other means to extend a nation's influence and control over other nations is called?
Imperialism
Regarding religion and the number of sexual partners a person has in past five years which of the following is NOT true?
Less religious results in fewer partners
In ancient Rome, homosexuality was practiced primarily by?
Masters and slaves
A social problem is any condition that has what kind of consequences?
Negative
Which of the following is NOT an example of social bonding theory?
Newspapers
Regarding the relationship between rape and pornography, what does the research conclude?
No relationship
Federal law prohibits discrimination based on all BUT which one of the following?
Sexual orientation
Which of the following would NOT be an example where institutional racism is evident?
Sports
The belief that wives and husbands have different styles of communication is an assumption of what theory?
Symbolic Interactionism
The labeling theory of crime causation is considered part of which major perspective?
Symbolic Interactionism
Social problems are the result of the interaction of individuals is the belief of?
Symbolic Interactionist
Which of the following theories would try to prevent bank robberies by having after school programs?
Symbolic Interactionist
Which of the following statements is not included in the functional understanding of the family.
The family as a social institution contributes to social inequality.
A major reason why the sexual revolution of the 1960's occurred was?
The pill
According to Mills, the power elite is composed of government, big business, and the military, which together constitute a ruling class that controls society and works for its own interests, not for the interests of the citizenry. (T/F)
True
Some scholars say mental illness is a social construction or a/an?
Myth
Which of the following groups has the highest percent in poverty?
Native American
According to our textbook- Homicide is what percent of all violent and property crime?
.01%
About how much has the US spent on the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan?
1 trillion
Approximately how much have workers' wages increased over the last three decades?
1%
During what decade did the "War on Poverty" begin?
1960's
About what ratio of Americans have used prescription drugs for non-medical purposes?
1/5
Approximately, what percentages of non-Latino whites are poor?
10%
Approximately how many soldiers and civilians died from wars in the 20th century?
100 million
Which Amendment banned the manufacture, sale and transportation of alcohol?
18th
The tobacco culture began to abate in the _____ as evidence mounted about the deaths and other serious health effects of tobacco use and second-hand smoke.
1970s
The suicide rate for veterans is how much higher than the general population?
3 times
About what percent of U.S. income does the bottom fifth of the population have?
3%
How many children live with one-parent families? (%)
30%
What percent of single-parent families headed by women are officially poor?
30%
What percentage of young African Americans has an STD?
34%
Which group has the lowest graduation rate from college?
African Americans
Which of the following groups has the highest infant mortality rate?
African Americans
According to the Barkin textbook- Which two drugs cause the most harm?
Alcohol and Tobacco
A family, as defined in chapter 10, is a
All of the above
Which group of immigrants came to the U.S. in large numbers after the Civil War to help build the railroads?
Chinese
Sexual orientation includes which of the following sexual relationships?
All of the above
Studies show that the news media convey the message that black people are more likely to be?
All of the above
The defining features of terrorism include which of the following?
All of the above
Through education, society teaches its children which of the following?
All of the above
What accounts for the gender gap in earnings?
All of the above
What factors contribute to make rural poverty more persistent than urban poverty?
All of the above
Which of the following are more likely to happen to teen mothers?
All of the above
Which of the following are poor people more likely to have than wealthy people?
All of the above
Which of the following is NOT a sociological explanation for why African Americans commit more crimes?
All of the above
A person's sex refers to
Anatomical differences
When too many African Americans attend segregated schools, this sometimes called?
Apartheid Schooling
Which of the following groups has the highest percent college educated?
Asian
What group is considered the model minority?
Asians
The name of the sociologist who distinguished between personal troubles and public issues is?
C. Wright Mills
Who wrote the book The Power Elite?
C. Wright Mills
In what state is the Three Strikes You're Out the most used?
California
When manufacturing companies move their plants from U.S. cities to the developing world in Asia and elsewhere, this is called?
Capital fight
The phrase that means the amount of pollution a person causes is?
Carbon footprint
What is the cause of the air pollution in the world's most polluted country?
Cars
A current example of a problem with serious consequences that is mentioned in the text is?
Climate change
Civilian deaths or wounding in a war are frequently referred to as?
Collateral damage
The most important goal of socialism is?
Collective good
The ideal outcome of socialism, said Marx, would be?
Communism
Cities are run by political and economic elites that use their resources to enrich their positions would be a belief of which theory?
Conflict
Partly to increase their incomes, physicians have tried to control the practice of medicine and to define social problems, as medical problems care is part of which theory about health?
Conflict
One theory about the poor asserts that poor people have beliefs and practices that doom them to continued poverty. Another name for this is?
Culture of poverty
The combination of capitalism and socialism is called..?
Democratic Socialism
The study of population is within sociology is called?
Demography
Crime is part of the sociological study of?
Deviance
Much of today's focus of white-collar fraud looks at which professions?
Doctors
The discipline of Sociology began in what continent?
Europe
Which of the following would help the environment?
Expanded solar energy programs
Who publishes the Uniform Crime Reports?
FBI
In what theory is there a belief that prostitution may lower the divorce rate?
Functionalism
Some wars have also helped preserve freedom and democracy is a belief of what theory?
Functionalism
The physician-patient relationship is hierarchical: the physician provides instructions, and the patient's need to follow them is part of which theory about health?
Functionalism
Which sociological theory considers population growth and its various components as normal and essential processes for any society?
Functionalism
Social placement discussions about education would be part of what theory?
Functionalist
Which of the following theories would consider a bank robbery to have positive aspects?
Functionalist
The social and cultural differences a society assigns to people based on their biological sex.
Gender
A society's expectations of people's behavior and attitudes based on whether they are female or males.
Gender roles
What is the major argument for all-female classrooms?
Girls do better academically
Which disease of the 1980's reversed some of the sexual revolution of the 1960's?
HIV
What Act banned the manufacture, sale and use of opium (except for use with a physician's prescription)?
Harrison Narcotics Act
Which of the following would NOT be considered part of the "sick role"?
Have the government pay for the cost
The conflict theory of poverty is summed up as a battle of?
Haves and have nots
A synonym for "intersexed" is
Hermaphrodites
A set of values that support the status quo in education is sometimes called?
Hidden curriculum
The official position of the American Psychological Association (APA) regarding sexual orientation is?
Homosexuality is biologically determined
When the media shows violent crimes first on the news, this is sometimes called?
If it bleeds, it leads
According to Barkin textbook- Which of the following drugs is most used in the United States?
Illegal prescription drugs
The anomie explanation of crime refers to?
Inability to achieve success legitimately
According to symbolic interactionism theory, which of the following is true regarding work?
Individuals interpret their work relationships
The actions the colonists waged against British forces before and during the American Revolution were what type of terrorism?
Insurgent
Violence committed by private citizens against their own government is called?
Insurgent
What is the name of the second stage of the natural history of a social problem?
Legitimacy
Which scientific development came about because of military spending?
Internet
What was the name of the famous sex researcher of the 1940s and 1950s who carried out the first notable attempt to estimate the number of gays and lesbians?
Kinsey
What is the French phrase that essentially means leave the economy alone?
Laissez-faire
Jim Crow racism has been replaced by?
Laissez-faire racism and symbolic racism
What was the Supreme Court case that legalized same sex relationships?
Lawrence v. Texas
Giving preference in admissions to a son or daughter of a college alum is called?
Legacy admissions
Which of the following is true about the population growth rate of many European countries?
Little growth to negative growth
The most famous (or rather, infamous) hazardous waste site in the United States is called?
Love Canal
Who is thought to benefit the most from same-sex classrooms?
Low income boys
Higher levels of education are associated with
Lower levels of tobacco use and lower levels of alcohol use
Which of the following jobs would be scarce in a postindustrial economy?
Manufacturing
What is the percent of men with college degrees compared to women?
Men and women are equal
President Eisenhower is well known for his warning about the?
Military-industrial complex
The belief that women of color are oppressed not only because of their gender but also because of their race and class.
Multicultural feminism
The great migration of African Americans in the early 20th century from the South ended where?
Northern cities
When U.S. companies who hire workers overseas for customer care, billing services, and other jobs, this is called?
Outsourcing
In what state was Three Mile Island where a nuclear disaster almost occurred in 1979?
Pennsylvania
What was the name of the unsafe Ford automobile that resulted in about 500 deaths?
Pinto
When a defendant agrees to say they are guilty, this is called?
Plea Bargaining
Which of the following regarding social class and crime is true? A) Wealthy commit more street crime than white-collar crime B) Poor have equal rates of street crime and white-collar crime C) Wealthy have equal rates of street crime and white-collar crime D) Poor have more street crime than white-collar crime
Poor have more street crime than white-collar crime
In what type of economy are most of the jobs services oriented?
Post industrialization
After the Civil War many husbandless women were forced to do what for work?
Prostitution
What is the phrase "the world's oldest profession" referring to?
Prostitution
Which of the following would NOT be an advantage of living in a rural area?
Public schools
What was the name of the US Supreme Court case that legalized abortion?
Roe v. Wade
In 1500's Japan, male love was considered to be part of what tradition?
Samurai
Another name for frustration theory is?
Scapegoat Theory
Cocaine use was popular in the 19th century thanks in part to the enthusiastic claims by American physicians and what famous psychologist?
Sigmund Freud
Which of the following is true regarding people's attitude regarding premarital sex?
Small majority against
People who become prejudice because they are conforming to society's norms are examples of what theory?
Social Learning Theory
The study of how health and illness vary by socio-demographic characteristics is called?
Social epidemiology
Which of the following would be considered a major assumption of the Functionalism theory in sociology?
Social stability is necessary for a strong society
Prejudice and racism are usually based on?
Stereotypes
What was the name of the gay bar in NYC that was raided by the police in 1969 and started the Gay Rights Movement?
Stonewall Inn
The lowest form of prostitution is called?
Streetwalker
According to the best evidence, what is the major reason for child abuse?
Stress families suffer from poverty
The perception that there is a social problem points to what aspect of the definition of a social problem?
Subjective
People have certain perceptions and understandings of population and environmental issues and their social backgrounds affect these perceptions. This view is part of which theory?
Symbolic Interactionism
Symbols such as the flag play an important role in marshaling support for war is a belief of what theory?
Symbolic Interactionism
What is the major recommendation suggested to alleviate auto traffic?
Taxing autos when they enter the city
Standardized testing now ties students' scores with what other variable?
Teachers performance
Prescription drug sales amount to
Tens of billions annually
What sector dominates much of the economy in today's wealthiest democracies?
Tertiary
"Nuclear weapons remain the greatest and most immediate threat to human civilization." Is a quote from which group?
The Union of Concerned Scientists
What causes the greenhouse effect, which is part of the global climate change?
The trapping of gasses in the atmosphere
Which of the following statement is not true? A) Humans have been ingesting drugs for thousands of years. B) Significant numbers of nearly every society on earth have used one or more drugs to achieve certain desired physical or mental states C) Drugs come close to being a universal worldwide D) The use of mind-altering plants is a modern phenomenon E) Drugs come close to being a universal throughout history
The use of mind-altering plants is a modern phenomenon
A sick person is expected to follow the professional's instructions in order to become well. If a sick person fails to do so, she or he again loses the right to perform the sick role. (T/F)
True
A sense of community, or Gemeinschaft, characterizes what kind of societies?
Traditional
A large-scale business organization that is headquartered in one country but operates in many countries is known as
Transnational
Who administers the Nation Crime Victimization Survey?
U.S Government
To limit the potential for war and other armed conflict, efforts by international bodies must be increased, particularly at which well-known organization?
United Nations
The country with the highest military budget in the world is?
United States
Violence committed by private citizens against other private citizens is what type of terrorism?
Vigilante
Until recently, formal education was primarily for?
Wealthy males
What Race/Ethnicity has the most poor people?
White
Which of the following is an example of renewable energy?
Wind
According to conflict theory, which of the following is NOT true regarding work?
Work provides self identity
Since people of color disproportionately live in cities and urban air pollution affects them more than it affects white people. This disparity is sometimes called?
environmental racism
British economist Malthus predicted that?
population would grow faster than food supply
Sociologists have concluded that gender-role socialization stems from
practices by adults
