Sociology 1101: Chapter 1 Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT one of Ritzer's four defining characteristics of McDonaldization? Affordability Efficiency Calculability Control

Affordability

The sociological imagination was a concept developed by which of the following sociologists? Karl Marx Emile Durkheim C. Wright Mills Peter Berger

C. Wright Mills

Which of the following is NOT a view that would be held by a sociologist who focuses on sociology as a means of social reform? Public sociology should address itself to and work on behalf of many diverse publics, especially society's underdogs. Gathering knowledge to reform society enriches both knowledge and society. Some "scientific" work has been distorted by social biases. Change is not the social researcher's immediate concern.

Change is not the social researcher's immediate concern

Jessica works at a fast-food restaurant. During her training, she felt that most of the job really entailed her pushing buttons and letting the machines do most of the work. If Jessica had taken a sociology course, she would know this is an example of which of the following characteristics of McDonaldization? Calculability Control Efficiency Predictability

Control

Social structures are defined as the dynamic and ever-changing aspects of the social world. True False

False

Which of the following best shows the use of social science AND social reform? Gathering data on homelessness to inform changes in public policy to reduce the number of people living without homes Marching and picketing against excessive uses of force by police Studying wage stagnation data Lobbying congress for tax cuts

Gathering data on homelessness to inform changes in public policy to reduce the number of people living without homes

Which of the following social sciences might focus on spatial relationships on a global scale and map those spaces? Economics Anthropology Geography Psychology

Geography

Lovan never buys newspapers or CDs, instead getting all his news and music online. Which age, according to the text, would Lovan be living in? Industrial Postindustrial Information Bureaucratic

Information

Which one of the following social changes had the greatest impact on increasing globalization? Industrial Revolution Postindustrial age Information age Cybernetic age

Information age

Which one of the following social changes predominantly led to declining blue-collar work? Industrial Revolution Postindustrial age Information age Cybernetic age

Postindustrial age

Johan is in Moscow and decides to eat at McDonald's. He is pleasantly surprised to find his Big Mac tastes the same as the one he gets from his local McDonald's in Des Moines. Because Johan took a sociology course, he is aware of McDonaldization and remembers that this situation is an example of which of the following? Efficiency Calculability Predictability Control

Predictability

Akasha notices that there are fewer factories in the city and more shopping malls. This suggests a societal shift from where to where? Consumption to production Production to consumption Outsourcing to factory work Suburban jobs to urban jobs

Production to consumption

A sociologist who believes sociology is a means of social reform would agree with which of the following statements? Public sociology should address itself to and work on behalf of many diverse publics, especially society's underdogs. The goal of study is simply knowledge and understanding of the way the social world operates. Change is not the social researcher's immediate concern. Using knowledge to effect social change might distort social behaviors.

Public sociology should address itself to and work on behalf of many diverse publics, especially society's underdogs.

Lori is a sociologist who studies the distribution of wealth and income across the social classes. She recently conducted research where she discovered that 99 percent of recent gains in income went to the top 1 percent of the wealthiest people in the U.S. Lori is using which of the following methods to understand wealth in America? Psychological Common sense Sociology Popular views

Sociology

Which of the following indicates a macrolevel element in sociology? Private troubles Structure Micro social phenomena Agency

Structure

Which of the following is an example of a negative impact of globalization? Less access to goods and services Terrorism Slower spread of information Less access to high-tech jobs

Terrorism

Many sociologists believe that sociology entails both social science as well as social reform. True False

True

One characteristic of McDonaldization suggests a focus on quantity over quality. This characteristic is known as calculability. True False

True

As McDonaldization increases in a society's service sector, what would be the expected effect on wages in that sector? Wages would increase slowly. Wages would increase quickly. Wages would be unaffected. Wages would decrease.

Wages would decrease.

According to Ritzer's McDonaldization theory, ________ focuses on the quickest and least costly means to whatever end is desired while ________ focuses on using technology to control people, processes, and products. calculability; predictability predictability; efficiency efficiency; control efficiency; calculability

efficiency; control

A psychologist would most likely study globalization by studying communications across the globe, with the Internet obviously of focal concern in the contemporary world. True False

false

According to the author, globalization is one of the less important social changes in the 20th century. True False

false

C. Wright Mills believed that sociologists had a unique perspective on data or the world around them, which he called the sociological imaginings. True False

false

Gareth is a sociologist who engages in "pure science" research and believes that it is more important for him to understand the social world, rather than focusing on trying to change it. According to the text, Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, and Jane Addams would agree with his view. True False

false

The shift from production to consumption took place in the 1910s. True False

false

The systematic study of the ways in which people are affected by and affect the social structures and social processes associated with the groups, organizations, cultures, societies, and world in which they exist is called anthropology. True False

false

Sociology has traditionally tried to understand the place of the ________ within society and ________ effect on the individual. home; the family's family; psychology's individual; society individual; politics'

individual; society

Factory work, blue-collar jobs, and manual labor were sociologists' primary concern during the ________ age. information industrial bureaucratic postindustrial

industrial

The sociological imagination is an example of a larger sociological concern with the relationship between ________ social phenomena and ________ social phenomena. microscopic; macroscopic endoscopic; exoscopic monoscopic; polyscopic interscopic; intrascopic

microscopic; macroscopic

Dr. Drake is a sociologist who writes a blog and works with a local group to help them achieve their goals to clean up local rivers and streams. Dr. Drake is probably a ________. professional sociologist public sociologist private sociologist physicist

public sociologist

Enduring and regular social arrangements, such as the family and the state, are called ________. social structures social processes agency public issues

social structures

Nicholas is an economist. He recognizes that massive increases in personal debt and stagnating wages might lead to an economic crisis. By recognizing that people's individual issues might lead to larger social problems, Nicholas is using his ________. anthropological perspective sociological imagination economic imagination psychological perspective

sociological imagination

The continuous process of individual creation of structural realities and the constraint and coercion exercised by those structures are known as ________. agency social structure social process the social construction of reality

the social construction of reality

By the middle of the 20th century, the age sociologists studied was known as the postindustrial age. True False

true

C. Wright Mills argued that the sociological imagination allowed us to transform private troubles into public issues. True False

true

Globalization is defined by increasingly fluid global flows and the structures that expedite and impede those flows. True False

true

Large, transnational, and global social structures, such as the European Union, provide evidence that societies are of declining importance. True False

true

Sociology encompasses all the other social sciences. True False

true

Studying globalization leads to a better understanding of the nature of globalization than common-sense views. True False

true

The process by which the rational principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of society and more societies throughout the world is called McDonaldization. True False

true