Sociology CH 1, 2, & 3
In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, the stage in which the child has no sense of right or wrong and only personal needs to be satisfied is the ________ stage.
Amoral
Of the following, which discipline is most appropriately classified as a natural science
Biology
The sociologist responsible for suggesting the connection between history and biography to explain the sociological imagination was ________
C. Wright Mills
In his book, Sick Societies, anthropologist Robert Edgerton proposed that cultures should be evaluated on their "quality of life" and not just automatically accepted. This is contrary to which of the following sociological concepts?
Cultural Relativism
The two anthropologists who studied the Hopi Indians and concluded that language has embedded within it ways of looking at the world were.....
Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf
Sociologists are now developing what they call _________, which emphasizes the influence of genes on human behavior.
Genetic Informed Sociology
More than twenty years prior to the birth of Durkheim and Weber, Society in America, an analysis of American social customs, was published by sociologist
Harriet Martineau
The social thinker of the 19th century who predicted that there would be a classless society once the working class united and began a revolution was
Karl Marx
Symbols can be strung together in an infinite number of ways for the purpose of communicating abstract thought. This is referred to as ________.
Language
College provides a haven for several million potential workers who are classified as "students" rather than "unemployed," which helps stabilize the job market. This situation represents what Merton would describe as a ________.
Latent Function
The contemporary conflict sociologist who pointed out that conflict is most likely to develop among people in close relationships was ________
Lewis Coser
According to Robert Merton, ________ are the intended beneficial consequences of people's actions.
Manifest Functions
Good nutrition, medical care, comfortable housing, and a nice car are included in a classification of values in American society that sociologist Robin Williams would call ________.
Material comfort
Morris is 3 years old and is just beginning to talk. He can count to 10 but is not altogether sure what numbers actually mean. According to Piaget, Morris is in the ________ stag
Preoperatational
What distinction did sociologist Frances Perkins hold in American history?
She was the first woman to hold a presidential cabinet position.
When sociologists' group people into categories based on their age, gender, educational level, job, and income, they are trying to determine ________
Social Location
A young woman is contemplating a particular behavior, in this case, dropping out of college. She is also considering an awareness of the self in relationship to others to avoid feelings of shame and embarrassment. This is referred to as her ________.
Social Mirror
In America, why is Spanish, rather than English, continuously spoken from generation to generation, with greater commitment than any other non-English speaking language?
There is a constant influx of new Hispanic immigrants into the U.S.
What is the proposed source of the six specific emotions that Paul Ekman identified as being present in all cultures?
They are a product of our genes
What did Robert E. Park, Ernest Burgess, and George Herbert Mead have in common?
They were among the first faculty members in the sociology department at the University of Chicago.
Americans usually recognize hard work, education, and efficiency as desired qualities. Where one of these qualities is found, the other two also apply. This is an example of ________.
Value Cluster
According to Max Weber, the Protestant ethic was a central factor in the birth of ________
capitalism
Karl Marx believed that ________ was the central force for social change, while Max Weber believed that ________ was the force most responsible for social change.
economics; religion
The refusal of Christians to accept Islam as a valid religion is a form of ________, while the sincere effort to understand the practice of having multiple wives in some societies is a form of ________.
ethnocentrism; cultural relativism
At the first meeting of the American Sociological Society, attendees discussed the primary reason for sociology as the practical application to the improvement of social life. This goal of sociology was aligned with the discipline's ________ stage of development in the United States.
first
The theorist who is sometimes referred to as "the second founder of sociology" was _______
herbert spencer
Sociologists have identified an emerging set of five interrelated values in American society. What are these emerging values?
leisure, self-fulfillment, physical fitness, youthfulness, and environmental concern. FLYSE
The notion that only the fittest members of society deserve to survive and that social programs to help the poor will ultimately weaken the social order is a doctrine known as ________.
social Darwinism
The automobile, and the skills needed to drive it, would be an example of _
technology
Max Weber used the term Verstehen to mean ________.
to grasp by insight