Sociology Ch. 3

Larisa is an African American pediatrician. In some situations her __________ status as a physician takes a back seat to traditional role expectations of her __________ status as African American. achieved; chosen achieved; ascribed ascribed; master ascribed; achieved

achieved; ascribed

__________ theorists believe that unquestioning devotion to society's values inhibits badly needed social change. Conflict Order Most Value

conflict

According to sociologists, culture is __________. static constraining liberating in balance

constraining

Progress is a central value of North Americans. What is the flip side of progress? Some nations are not as capable of achieving it as North America. Continued growth diminishes resources and increases pollution. There is no flip side of progress. Technology rapidly increases progress.

continued growth diminishes resources and increases pollution

With __________, society's demands become part of the individual, acting to control the individual's behavior. internalization latent function cultural relativity ethnomethodology

internalization

The Navajo language does not distinguish between blue and green, yet the language has two words for different kinds of black. This is an example of __________. a subculture ethnocentrism cross-cultural influence linguistic relativity

linguistic relativity

The idea that language shapes thought is known as __________. cultural relativity ethnocentrism linguistic relativity norms

linguistic relativity

In the 1800s, the United States felt entitled to expand its territory over all of North America, according to the belief of __________. the Oriental Exclusion Act cultural relativism manifest destiny right makes might

manifest destiny

How many ideologies exist within U.S. society? None Many One Two

many

Cultural patterns that are widespread and constantly shifting are known as __________. popular culture reference groups static culture material culture

popular culture

__________ is one aspect of U.S. religious heritage that has helped determine the values thought to typify most people in the United States. The Protestant ethic Master status Internalization Ethnomethodology

protestant ethic and judeo-christian

How might a sociologist go about uncovering the key values of a society? By using questionnaires By using an ethnocentric approach By determining which features of the society need to be changed for the good of its people By conducting experiments

questionnaires

Culture is internalized through psychological identification with the groups to which individuals want to belong, called __________ groups. reference master status networking membership

reference

Which of the following statements about culture is true? Culture is never completely static. Culture is instinctive. Culture does not change. Culture is built up quickly, when a social organization first starts.

Culture is never completely static. It is an emergent process.

The Ku Klux Klan is an example of a __________. status group subculture counterculture reference group

counterculture

The opposite of ethnocentrism is __________. manifest destiny master status cultural relativity reference groups

cultural relativity

The Millennial Generation is sometimes called __________. baby boomers the Documentation Generation Generation X the post-baby boomers

documentation generation

Luis, an exchange student, learned that people in North America believe all people are __________, whether in court, in schools, or in getting a job. This is the law of the land. But he also saw firsthand that many formal and informal practices in court, school, and the workplace definitely did not represent that ideal. on their own slightly suspect treated according to their status and wealth equal

equal

Disparagement of the actions of a religious group other than your own is an example of __________. cultural relativity ethnocentrism status reference groups

ethnocentrism

The statement, "My neighborhood is the very best in the city" is an example of __________. ethnocentrism linguistic relativity cultural relativity tolerance

ethnocentrism

A subdiscipline in sociology that is the scientific study of the commonplace activities of daily life is known as __________. ethnocentrism ethnomethodology socio-analytic research countercultural sociology

ethnomethodology

Mark just learned to use an iPad. That skill is an example of __________. material technology ideology social norms social technology

material technology

Violation of which of the following receives severe punishment by society? Folkways Pathways Mores Statuses

mores

In the simplest terms, from what does culture emerge? History The Bible Laws Social interaction

social interatction

The linkages and networks among the members of a social organization make up the __________. social structure culture reference group infrastructure

social structure

The process of learning a culture is known as __________. achieved status socialization manifest destiny counterculture

socialization

__________ refer(s) to the criteria that members of society use to evaluate objects, ideas, acts, feelings, or events relative to their desirability, merit, or correctness. Socialization Popular culture Values Internalization

values