Sociology Ch. 3 Quiz Qs

When people model themselves after the members of peer groups they would like to join, they are engaging in a process that sociologists call ________

anticipatory socialization

Goffman's idea of the resocialization process includes ________

breaking down an old identity, then building up a new identity

A majority of people over the age of sixty-five in the United States ________

consider their health "good" or "excellent"

A distinctive contribution of schooling to the process of socialization is ________

exposing the child to an impersonal, bureaucratic setting

The special importance of the peer group is the fact that it ________

has a greater effect than parents on children's long-term goals

Our basic drives or needs as humans are reflected in Freud's concept of the ________

id

Mead would agree that ________

if you won $700 million in a lottery, your "self" might change.

In the historical perspective, the importance of the mass media to the socialization process has ________

increased over time

What effect did industrialization have on life expectancy in the United States and Western Europe?

life expectancy went up

Based on the Harlows' research with rhesus monkeys and the case of Anna, the isolated child, one might reasonably conclude that ________

long-term social isolation leads to permanent developmental damage in both monkeys and humans

The focus of Lawrence Kohlberg's research was ________

moral reasoning

Critics of Erikson's theory of personality development point out that ________

not everyone confronts the stages in the exact order given by Erikson

Thinking about how patterns of child-rearing vary by class, lower-class parents generally stress ________, while well-to-do parents typically stress ________.

obedience; creativity

When Cooley used the concept of the "looking-glass self," he claimed that ________

people see themselves as they think others see them

Which of the following concepts refers to a person's fairly consistent pattern of acting, thinking, and feeling?

personality

Erik H. Erikson's view of socialization states that ________

personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages

Looking at childhood in global perspective, we find that ________

rich societies extend childhood much longer than do poor societies

According to Piaget, in which stage of human development do individuals experience the world only through sensory contact?

sensorimotor stage

Based on what you have read in this chapter, you would correctly conclude that ________

society shapes how we think, feel, and act

In Freud's model of personality, what represents the presence of culture within the individual?

superego

Communities differ in terms of the racial composition of the population. In which of the following regions of the United States is there a relatively high number of people who claim to be multiracial?

the Southwest, including Arizona and Southern California

The concept of "gerontocracy" refers to a society in which ________

the oldest people have the most wealth, power, and prestige

George Herbert Mead considered the self to be ________

the part of an individual's personality that is composed of self-awareness and self-image

Based on what you have read in this chapter, how would sociologists explain the fact that many young people in the United States experience adolescence as a time of confusion?

there are cultural inconsistencies in the definition of this stage of life as partly childlike and partly adultlike

A setting where a staff tries to radically change someone's personality through carefully controlling the environment is called a(n) ________

total institution