Sociology Ch. 8-10

In the United States, most people define themselves as:

Middle Class

What Factor Makes Caste Systems Closed?

People cannot change their social standings

intergenerational mobility

a difference in social class between different generations of a family

class

a group who shares a common social status based on factors like wealth, income, education, and occupation

Structural Mobility occurs when:

a large group moves up or down the class ladder due to societal changes

primogeniture

a law stating that all property passes to the firstborn son

which statement represents stratification from the perspective of symbolic interactionsim?

after work, pat, a janitor, feels more comfortable eating in a truck stop then french restaurant

which of the following scenarios is an example of intergrational mobility?

an executive belongs to a different class than her parents

meritocracy

an ideal system in which personal effort- or merit- determines social standing

upward mobility

an increase- or upward shift- in social class.

the GNI PPP figure represents:

average annual income of a country's citizens

Which of these systems allows for the most social mobility?

class

the behaviors, customs and norms associated with a class are known as:

class traits

global stratification

comparison of wealth, economic stability, status and power of counties as a whole

Unlike Davis and Moore, Melvin Tumin believed that, because of social stratification, some qualified people were_______ higher-level job positions.

denied the opportunity to obtain

intragenerational mobility

difference in social class between different members of same generation

When Karl Marx said workers experience alienation, he meant that workers:

do not feel connected to their work

Based on meritocracy, a physician's assistant would:

earn a pay raise for doing excellent work

Brahmins

educated priests and scholars

conflict theorists view capitalists as those who:

get rich while workers stay poor

Kshatriyas

kings and warriors

standard of living

level of wealth available to acquire material goods and comforts to maintain a particular socioeconomic lifestyle

downward mobility

lowering of one's social class

Vaishyas

merchants and farmers

income

money a person earns form work or investments

occupational prestige means that jobs are

not equally valued

Shudras

peasants and laborers, craftspeople

Dalits

poor, untouchables menial and unpleasant jobs

which graphic concept best illustrates the concept of social stratification

pyramid

Social stratification is a system that:

ranks society members into categories

The basic premise of the Davis-Moore thesis is that the unequal distribution of rewards in social stratification:

serves a purpose of society

class system

social standing based on social factors and individual accomplishments

social stratification

socioeconomic system that divides society's members into categories ranking from high to low, based on things like wealth, power, and prestige.

social mobility

the ability to change positions within a social stratification system

conspicuous consumption

the act of buying and using products to make a statement about social standing

status consistency

the consistency, or lack thereof, of an individual's rank across social categories like income, education, and occupation

What factor makes class systems open?

they allow for movement between the classes

Class traits

typical behaviors, customs, and norms that define each class

endogamous marriages

unions of people within the same social category

exogamous unions

unions of spouses from different social categories

wealth

value of money and assets a person has from, for example, inheritance

Which statement illustrates low status consistency?

A college dropout launches an online company that earns millions within its first year

Which person best illustrates opportunities for upward social mobility in the United States

First-generation college student

caste system

a system in which people are born into a social standing that they will retain their entire lives

Davis-Moore thesis

a thesis that argues some social stratification is a social necessity