Sociology Chapter 9

In the United States, it is correct to say that social position is simply a reflection of a person's talents and abilities.

False.

Rough estimates suggest that about _______________ people in the United States are homeless for some time during a given year.

1,500,000

Research on extramarital sex shows that about _______________ of married men and about _______________ of married women remain faithful to their spouse throughout their married lives.

75 percent; 90 percent.

The term Panoptic Surveillance is defined in the text as:

A from of constant monitoring in which the observation posts are decentralized and the observed is never communicate with directly.

Read the following four statements. Which statement is NOT true?

A given family's social standing typically changes a great deal from generation to generation.

Caste systems:

All of these are correct.

Which of the following factors affect social class standing in the United States?

All of these are correct.

The "feminization of poverty" refers to the fact that, in the United States:

a larger share of the poor are women.

In general, societies that have a caste system have a productive system based on:

agriculture.

The term "meritocracy" refers to social stratification"

based entirely on personal merit.

The latest data show that welfare reform has:

cut the welfare rolls by about half.

A caste system is defined as:

social stratification base on ascription or birth.

"Social Stratification" is a concept that refers to:

society ranking categories of people in a hierarchy.

Because of social stratification:

some people have more privileges and opportunities than others do.

Sociologist William Julius Wilson suggests the cause of poverty lies in:

too few available jobs.

The common ideology of a class system treats _______________ as a sign of personal talent and effort and poverty as a result of _______________.

wealth; personal inadequacy.

In terms of race, two-thirds of all poor people in the United States are:

white.

In the United States, the age category most like to be poor is children.

True.

The concept of social mobility refers to changes in people's positions in the social hierarchy.

True.

Read the following four statements about social mobility in the United States. Which statement is NOT true?

Within a single generation, most social mobility is from one class level to the another rather than small movements within one class.