sociology final

illness

"A state or condition of suffering as the result of a disease or sickness" defines what?

status, education, training, authority, answer is all the above

A major barrier in effective communication lies in the differences between physicians and their patients with respect to what?

hospitals and nursing homes

About 75% of licensed registered and practical nurses in the Unites States work in:

declining

At the beginning of the twenty-first century we are witnessing that the dominance of the medical profession is:

true

Better educated and younger adults tend to be more skeptical of physician motives in providing treatment. True or false

all the above, pharmacists, nurses, etc.

Currently, ____may hold doctorates in their field.

eroded

Doctor-patient relationships in the U.S. have seriously ___ in recent years.

false

Female physicians are more likely to play the doctor-nurse game with both male and female nurses. true or false

Function of medicine as form of social control

How did Parsons view the function of medicine?

overlooking each others mistakes

Millman contended that a "gentlemen's agreement" existed among the hospital physicians. What did this agreement allow for?

mother and housekeeper

Nightingale incorporated the best attributes of the ___ and the____ into her ideal nurse.

true

Nursing represents the largest single group of health workers in the United States. true or false

false

One aspect of medical training that appears in several studies of medical students is the finding that the experience tends to promote emotional attachment to patients. true or false

20

One out of every __ counties in the United States does not have a single doctor.

doctor of osteopathy (DO)

Osteopaths earn what degree?

false

Parson's concept of the sick role applies to chronic illnesses as well as to acute illnesses. true or false

Acute or short term illness

Parson's concept of the sick role seems to typically apply only to what type of diseases?

answer is all the above

People use CAM techniques because they are

public institutions

People with chronic health problems requiring long-term hospitalization tend to be sent to

consumer-orientated

People with middle and upper socioeconomic status tend to be more _____and active participants in the physician-patient encounter.

true

Sociologists have typically viewed sickness as a form of deviant behavior. true or false

all the above, high professional control, increases prices and overcharging, etc.

The "golden age" of doctoring was marked by:

false

The AMA supported the implementation of Medicare. true or false

false

The patient-physician relationship is not intended by society to be therapeutic in nature. The AMA supported the implementation of Medicare. True or false

false

The primary reason given by many medical students for choosing a career in medicine has been that of wanting "to have a higher income" true or false

financial profit

What attracted corporations to health care delivery is the potential for:

all the above, inc in expenses, aging population

What is NOT a contributor to the increase in health care expenditures?

race of practioner is not an important factor

What is NOT an important factor in establishing prestige within the medical profession?

whites

few __ go to folk healer

Medicalization

occurs when previously non-medical problems are defined and treated as medical problems, usually in terms of illness or disorders

middle class

sick role affects the

Physician's assistant

typically have a bachelor's degree, experience in health care as a nurse or paramedic, and become qualified after completing a training program of approximately 26 months.

American Medical Association

The ____ was founded in Philadelphia in 1847.

chiropractic

The _____approach to healing also involves manipulation of bones in the spinal column.

activtity-passitivity

The _____model applies when the patient is seriously ill or being treated on an emergency basis in a state o relative helplessness due to a severe injury or lack of consciousness.

open disagreement between the players

The central rule of the doctor-nurse game is to avoid:

all the above, government regulation, changes in doctor patient relationships, cooperations in healthcare

The decline in the status and autonomy of physicians is largely due to greater

resistance

The medical profession in the United States has had a consistent record of ____to social legislation.

Christian Science Church

The most prominent group in American society advocating a preference for religious healing is the:

fee-for-service

This method of payment is consistent with the principle of the open market, in which the consumers of health care, like the consumers of other products are free to choose which health care providers offer the best services at prices they can afford.

lower

Those who use faith and folk healers, typically come from a __ class background

general practice or nursing

What is a traditionally female dominated industry?

midwives

What is one of the earliest forms of care available to women?

all of the above

What is the role of a managed care organization?

Szasz and Hollender

Which theorist(s) argue that physician-patient interaction falls into one of three possible models?

Sasz and Hollender

Which theorist(s) takes the position that the seriousness of the patient's symptoms is the determining factor of doctor-patient interaction?

pharmacist

Who are the key sources of medication information for the general public?

Rudolf Virchow

Who unveiled a general concept of disease based on cellular pathology.

Howard Becker

Who was one of the leading proponents of labeling theory?

Screen patients before referring them to expensive procedures or specialists

what is a gatekeeper