sociology final
illness
"A state or condition of suffering as the result of a disease or sickness" defines what?
status, education, training, authority, answer is all the above
A major barrier in effective communication lies in the differences between physicians and their patients with respect to what?
hospitals and nursing homes
About 75% of licensed registered and practical nurses in the Unites States work in:
declining
At the beginning of the twenty-first century we are witnessing that the dominance of the medical profession is:
true
Better educated and younger adults tend to be more skeptical of physician motives in providing treatment. True or false
all the above, pharmacists, nurses, etc.
Currently, ____may hold doctorates in their field.
eroded
Doctor-patient relationships in the U.S. have seriously ___ in recent years.
false
Female physicians are more likely to play the doctor-nurse game with both male and female nurses. true or false
Function of medicine as form of social control
How did Parsons view the function of medicine?
overlooking each others mistakes
Millman contended that a "gentlemen's agreement" existed among the hospital physicians. What did this agreement allow for?
mother and housekeeper
Nightingale incorporated the best attributes of the ___ and the____ into her ideal nurse.
true
Nursing represents the largest single group of health workers in the United States. true or false
false
One aspect of medical training that appears in several studies of medical students is the finding that the experience tends to promote emotional attachment to patients. true or false
20
One out of every __ counties in the United States does not have a single doctor.
doctor of osteopathy (DO)
Osteopaths earn what degree?
false
Parson's concept of the sick role applies to chronic illnesses as well as to acute illnesses. true or false
Acute or short term illness
Parson's concept of the sick role seems to typically apply only to what type of diseases?
answer is all the above
People use CAM techniques because they are
public institutions
People with chronic health problems requiring long-term hospitalization tend to be sent to
consumer-orientated
People with middle and upper socioeconomic status tend to be more _____and active participants in the physician-patient encounter.
true
Sociologists have typically viewed sickness as a form of deviant behavior. true or false
all the above, high professional control, increases prices and overcharging, etc.
The "golden age" of doctoring was marked by:
false
The AMA supported the implementation of Medicare. true or false
false
The patient-physician relationship is not intended by society to be therapeutic in nature. The AMA supported the implementation of Medicare. True or false
false
The primary reason given by many medical students for choosing a career in medicine has been that of wanting "to have a higher income" true or false
financial profit
What attracted corporations to health care delivery is the potential for:
all the above, inc in expenses, aging population
What is NOT a contributor to the increase in health care expenditures?
race of practioner is not an important factor
What is NOT an important factor in establishing prestige within the medical profession?
whites
few __ go to folk healer
Medicalization
occurs when previously non-medical problems are defined and treated as medical problems, usually in terms of illness or disorders
middle class
sick role affects the
Physician's assistant
typically have a bachelor's degree, experience in health care as a nurse or paramedic, and become qualified after completing a training program of approximately 26 months.
American Medical Association
The ____ was founded in Philadelphia in 1847.
chiropractic
The _____approach to healing also involves manipulation of bones in the spinal column.
activtity-passitivity
The _____model applies when the patient is seriously ill or being treated on an emergency basis in a state o relative helplessness due to a severe injury or lack of consciousness.
open disagreement between the players
The central rule of the doctor-nurse game is to avoid:
all the above, government regulation, changes in doctor patient relationships, cooperations in healthcare
The decline in the status and autonomy of physicians is largely due to greater
resistance
The medical profession in the United States has had a consistent record of ____to social legislation.
Christian Science Church
The most prominent group in American society advocating a preference for religious healing is the:
fee-for-service
This method of payment is consistent with the principle of the open market, in which the consumers of health care, like the consumers of other products are free to choose which health care providers offer the best services at prices they can afford.
lower
Those who use faith and folk healers, typically come from a __ class background
general practice or nursing
What is a traditionally female dominated industry?
midwives
What is one of the earliest forms of care available to women?
all of the above
What is the role of a managed care organization?
Szasz and Hollender
Which theorist(s) argue that physician-patient interaction falls into one of three possible models?
Sasz and Hollender
Which theorist(s) takes the position that the seriousness of the patient's symptoms is the determining factor of doctor-patient interaction?
pharmacist
Who are the key sources of medication information for the general public?
Rudolf Virchow
Who unveiled a general concept of disease based on cellular pathology.
Howard Becker
Who was one of the leading proponents of labeling theory?
Screen patients before referring them to expensive procedures or specialists
what is a gatekeeper