Sociology final
Edwin Sutherland
Criminologist that developed the idea of subcultures
Dalai Lama
Cultural factor in Tibet
Western Electric Company
Determine how various factors affected workplace productivity
Germienschaft
"Community"
Gesselschaft
"society"
Herbert Spencer
English philosopher and sociologist who applied the theory of natural selection to human societies
John locke
English philosopher propose the tabula rasa
Folkways
norms that are not strictly enforced
Bureaucracy
ranked authority structure that operates according to specific rules and procedures
John Guare
six degrees of separation
Christopher Lasch
social scientist who wrote The Culture of Narcissism
Arapesh
society in New Guinea show signs of both men and women behaving in traditional feminine way (passive & gentle).
Robin M. Williams
sociologist that analyzed American values and identified a set of 15 values central to the American way of life.
Kingsley Davis
studied Anna and Isabelle
Rene Spitz
studied the effects of orphanages on infants in 1945
George Herbert mead
symbolic interactionism
5 components of culture
technology, symbols, language, values, norms
iron law of oligarchy
tendency of organizations to become increasingly dominated by small groups of people
sociological imagination
the capacity to range from the most impersonal and remote topics to the most intimate features of the human self and to see the relations between the two
function
the consequence that an element of society produces for the maintenance of its social system
Conflict
the deliberate attempt to control a person by force, to oppose someone, or to harm another person
Romania
Constant hand shaking
Mores
accepted standards and customs of a social group
Who developed sociological imagination?
C. Wright Mills
Margaret Mead
1930's anthropologist who conducted a now-classic study of cultural variation
Harace minor
1950s anthropologist to examine the rituals of the nacrima culture
How many traits have been deemed universal?
65
The Ik
An ethnic group located in the mountains of North East Uganda
Theory
An explanation of the relationships among particular phenomena.
Parkinson's law
Another humorous criticism of bureaucracies
Marvin Harris
Anthropologist who explored the religious prohibition in India against killing cows even when food shortages exists. "Cannibals and kings"
C. Northwate Parkinson
Argued " work expands to fill the time available for its competition"
Stanley Milgram
Ask people in Kansas and Nebraska to get letters to someone in Massachusetts (1,300 miles)
Five general characteristics of adolescence
Biological growth and development, undefined status, increased decision-making, increase pressure, and the search for self
1998 states with highest immigration
California, Florida , New York
culture universals
Certain features developed to ensure society's fulfillment
Post-industrial
Focuses on providing information and services
pre-industrial
Food production by human and animal labor
Emilie Durkheim
Frenchman who developed the country's first sociology course
Ferdinand Tonnies
Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
San
Group that lives in Southern Africa that speak through clicks, rock painters, and live in small groups of 10 families
Trobrianders of the South Pacific
Group that permits adolescence to engage in sexual behavior before marriage
What started the change in Ringo bank?
Haircut which showed respect to customers
Daniel Bell
He felt that focusing on yourself was dangerous and that it weakened other more important values and threatened the capitalist system
Four main factors of personality development
Heredity, birth order, parental characteristics, cultural environment
Salaryman
Hiro
James Gilbert
Historian who believes youth oriented media is the blame for the rise in juvenile delinquency
Culture traits
Individual tools, acts, or beliefs that are related to a particular situation or need
Japan
Little finger painted straight up refers to girlfriend/ handshake developed here
Max Weber
Looked at society in separate groups other than a whole
J. S minion
Maintenance supervisor, favorite of senior officials at City Hall
hamogamy
Marrying with similar demographics
Yanomamo
Native American group that lives in the rain forest in Brazil (warfare and male strengths)
conflict perspective
Perspective focused on the forces in society that promote competition and change
Laurence J. Peter
Peter Principle, suggested that people are promoted to positions that they can't fulfill
Industrial
Production of manufactured goods
Deborah Tannen
Professor of linguistics, wrote "the argument culture"
Corporation
Ringo Bank
Difference between statuses and roles
Roles aren't definite
aggregate
Same place, same time
Major building blocks of social structure
Statuses and roles
Willard Waller
Studied American dating patterns and concluded dating was for entertainment
Robert S Lynd and Helen Merrel Lynd
Studied how the industrial revolution affected American culture
James M. Henslin
Suggested that education, religion and romantic love should be included as American core values
John B. Watson
Suggested that we could be applied to dogs can also be applied to humans regarding behavior
temperament
The fundamental emotional disposition of a person
Culture complex is the biggest unit of a culture
True
Dancing is an example of a cultural universal
True
"I"
Unsocialized, self interested component of personality and self identity
Ethiopia
Use one finger to silence adults and 4 for children
Daniel Yankelovich
Views the shift towards self-fulfillment as a beneficial change. He says it is a movement away from satisfaction based on material gain.
1998 states with lower immigration
West Virginia, north and South Dakota, Vermont, Montana
Verstehen (Weber)
a German word that means to understand the meanings individuals attach to their actions
ideal type
a description comprised of the essential characteristics of a feature of society
Theoretical perspective
a general set of assumptions about the nature of things
society
a group of interdependent people who have organized in such a way as to share a common culture and feeling of unity
Accommodation
a state of balance between cooperation and conflict
George Murdock
anthropologist that examined hundreds of different cultures in an attempt to determine what general traits are common to all cultures
Napoleon Chagnon
anthropologist who studies the Yanomamo
Culture complexes
clusters of interrelated culture traits
Social control
enforcing of norms through either internal or external means
Clans
families with common ancestors
Auguste Conte
father of sociology
Three main theoretical perspectives
functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism
organic solidarity
impersonal social relationships that arise with increased job specialization
Charles Horton
looking glass self
social phenomena
observable facts or events that involve human society
15 American Values
personal achievement, progress and material comfort, work, individualism, efficiency and practicality, morality and humanitarianism, equality and democracy, freedom
Reciprocity
the obligation to return in kind what another has done for us
Social psychology
the study of how the social environment affects an individual's behavior and personality
The exchange theory
theory that holds that people are motivated by self-interests in their interactions with other people
In the late 1990s more than 400,000 NANcompanies were in commercial bar
true
sociological perspective
understanding human behavior by placing it within its broader social context
Functionalist Perspective
view society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system
social institutions
when statuses and roles are organized to satisfy one or more of the basic needs of society