Sociology Quizzes 1-3 (Exam 1)

Making use of the sociological perspective:

All of the above are correct. Helps us live in a diverse world. Helps us assess the truth of common sense. Helps us assess both opportunities and constraints.

__________ are rules about everyday, casual living; __________ are rules with great moral significance.

Folkways; mores

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Learning more about other societies helps us better understand our own way of life

What is the term for the value that occurs most often in a series of numbers?

Mode

Imagine that you are repeating research done by someone else in order to assess the accuracy of that research. You are doing which of the following?

Replication

Social structures sometimes have negative consequences for the operation of society as a whole. Which of the following concepts refers to these negative consequences?

Social dysfunctions

Emile Durkheim's Study of ___________________ showed that society affects even our most personal decisions.

Suicide

What concept refers to any change in a subject's behavior that is caused by the awareness of being studied?

The Hawthorne effect

By linking specific facts together to give us meanings of life, we create a:

Theory.

_________ refers to measuring exactly what one intends to measure.

Validity

The dominant values of U.S. culture include _______.

a belief in individuality.

A simplified description unfairly applied to every person in the same category is called ________

a stereotype.

Imagine that you were going to measure the age of a number of respondents taking part in a survey. As you record the data, you are using the concept "age" as ________

a variable.

Sociologists define a symbol as ________.

anything that carries meaning to people who share a culture.

The fact that instant messaging is based on a new set of symbols shows us that ________.

culture changes over time.

The concept of _____ refers to a shared way of life, and the term ____ refers to a political entity.

culture; nation

Low-income countries have cultures that value ________.

economic survival.

Peter Berger described using the sociological perspective as seeing the __________ in the __________.

general; particular

If you were to attend a New York Ballet performance, you would be experiencing ________

high culture.

If you were trying to measure the "social class" of various people, you would have to keep in mind that ________

it is necessary to specify exactly what variable you are measuring.

Science can be defined as a ________

logical system that bases knowledge on direct, systematic observation.

Regarding ethical research guidelines, the American Sociological Association states that researchers ________

must protect the privacy of subjects taking part in a research project.

Cultural transmission refers to the process of ________.

passing cultural patterns from one generation to another.

The social-conflict approach draws attention to ________

patterns of social inequality.

The Sapir-Whorf thesis states that ________.

people see the world through the cultural lens of their language.

C. Wright Mills claimed that the "sociological imagination" transformed ________

personal problems into public issues.

The early sociologists Auguste Comte and Emile Durkheim used the ________

the structural-functional approach.

Qualitative research has special appeal to investigators who favor ________

the symbolic-interaction approach.

Two variables are said to display correlation if ________

they vary together.

Standards by which people who share culture define what is desirable, good, and beautiful are called ________.

values.