SOM SB Ch 4: Diff in Nat'l Cultures

Buddhism has all the same basic beliefs as Hinduism EXCEPT it does not advocate for which two factors?

1. Support for the caste system 2. advocacy in extreme ascetic behavior

Which two phrases reflect the economic implications of Islam? (Check all that apply.)

1. can't earn profit through exploitation of others 2. hold property as trustees rather than owners (as per Western definition of ownership)

What are three rituals associated with orthodox Muslims? (Check all that apply.)

1. forbidden to consume alcohol 2. forbidden to consume pork 3. multiple episodes of daily prayer

Confucianism

1. high moral conduct 2. high ethical conduct 3. loyalty to others

What are three principles of social stratification? (Check all that apply.)

1. it's generally universal 2. it carries over to the next generation 3. it involves beliefs as well as inequality

What three characteristics are emphasized by the Japanese culture and boost the competitiveness of Japanese companies? (Check all that apply.)

1. loyalty 2. education 3. honesty

What are three examples of the "hidden curriculum" of schools? (Check all that apply.)

1. obedience to authority 2. dealing with competition 3. respect for others

There is a connection between culture and competitive advantage. What are two reasons why this connection is important? (Check all that apply.)

1. this connection suggests which countries might produce the most viable competitors 2. this connection can affect the choice of countries to do business in and locate production facilities in

What are the four dimensions originally identified by Hofstede?

1. uncertainty avoidance 2. power distance 3. individualism vs collectivism 4. masculinity vs femininity

Which statement BEST reflects the implications of cultural differences for business?

A company may need to vary management processes by country as a result of local cultural differences.

In Japanese society today, it is common for a person's social status to be associated with his or her

BUSINESS, not education or fam

the orthodox church is especially prevalent in

Greece

There _____ a strict one-to-one relationship between one culture and a nation-state.

IS NOT

Which example demonstrates mores?

It is against the law in the United States to commit theft.

What is a negative effect of the collectivist manner associated with Japanese businesses?

Lack of dynamism and entrepreneurship

two major Christian organizations

Orthodox and Roman Catholic Church

What is the focus of Hofstede's power distance dimension?

People are not equal in physical capabilities.

As modernization occurs, which of the following situation is contrary to the Buddha's teaching?

There is more separation between people and nature.

For poor Muslims, modern ideology has not offered substantial economic improvement, yet it threatens their traditional

VALUES not mores or folkways or peace

According to the tenets of Islam, the objective of life is to fulfill the dictates of God in hopes of achieving

admission to paradise

The religion where followers try to achieve nirvana or spiritual enlightenment is _____.

buddhism

mot rigid form of social stratification

caste system

What is one negative aspect to companies of emphasizing individual performance in business?

company hopping

Which ethical system is NOT concerned with the afterlife?

confucianism NOT CHIRSTIANITY

One way a company can become more informed about the practices of an international affiliate is to

employ local citizens to help them do business in a particular culture.

the set of moral principles used to guide and shape beheavior

ethics

T/F: according to the koran, the payment of interest is justified and allowed

false

the orthodox muslim is required to pray:

five times a day

The routine conventions of living, thinking, and acting in a group are called ______.

folkways

According to Hofstede, if the ties between people are loose, it is most likely a sign of a(n) ______ society.

individualistic

What is Islam's response to the payment or receipt of interest?

interest is considered illegal

Which of Hofstede's dimensions focuses on delaying gratification of material needs?

long vs short-term orientation

In an organization operating in a Confucian culture, it would be the sacred duty of an employee to be loyal to his or her

manager NOT CO-WORKERS

Social norms that address the customs and conventions of a society and are central to the functioning of the society are called _____.

mores

Hindus believe that ______ is achieved by spiritual progress and reincarnation.

movement between castes NOT MATERIAL GREATNESS

______ join the political entity of a state to the cultural entity of a nation.

nation-states

When an Islamic bank implements a mudarabah contract, it is similar to a _____ that might take place in the United States.

profit-sharing scheme

Guanxiwang refers to _____, which hold networks together.

relationships

Islam prohibits payment of interest. This is one example which shows how ______ can be the root of an ethical system.

religion

The set of shared beliefs followed by Catholics and those of the Jewish faith represent their individual _____.

religions

A mudarabah contract allows an Islamic bank to _____ in exchange for a loan.

share in company profits

A class system is characterized by the fact that a person can move from one ______ to another.

social strata

What are three of the determinants of culture?

social structure, economics philosophy, philosophy

Traditional Hindu values judge individuals by their ______, according to Max Weber.

spiritual actions

dharma

the behaviors and responsibilities governing individual conduct

majority of muslims would argue that islam teaches

tolerance for others

Freedom, democracy, and justice are three examples of _____ within a society.

values

In some nations, war has resulted when members of society feel their freedoms are being discounted. In other words, people are willing to fight for their _____.

values