Sonography 15 The Spleen
polycythemia vera
A chronic disease of unknown causes that involves all bone marrow elements is a. thalassemia b. polycythemia vera c. leukemia d. hodgkin disease
wandering spleen
A spleen that has migrated from its normal location is termed a. accessory spleen b. wandering spleen c. ectopic spleen d. splenomegaly
destruction of red blood cells
All of the following are functions of the spleen except a. production of plasma cells b. production of lymphocytes c. destruction of red blood cells d. destruction of white blood cells
internal hemorrhage
An abnormal decrease in platelets may be the result of a(n) a. infection b. bone marrow disorder c. internal hemorrhage d. allergic reaction
hodgkin disease
Atrophy of the spleen may be found in all of the following except a. normal individuals b. wasting diseases c. leukemia d. hodgkin disease
13
In the adult, splenomegaly is diagnosed when the length of the spleen exceeds __ cm a. 11 b. 12 c. 13 d. 14
enlarged
In the early stages of sickle cell anemia, the spleen generally appears a. atrophied b. heterogeneous c. enlarged d. hyperechoic: enlarged
splenic artery
Lymph nodes emerge from the splenic hilum and course along the a. renal vein b. splenic artery c. renal artery d. splenic vein
myelofibrosis
Massive splenomegaly is most likely the result of a. infection b. leukemia c. myelofibrosis d. portal hypertension
pericardium
Other areas that should be examined when ruling out a splenic rupture include all of the following except a. liver and lesser sac b. pericardium c. pelvis d. renal gutter
brain
Primary tumors that may metastasize to the spleen originate from all of the following structures except a. kidney b. ovary c. stomach d. brain:
splenic trauma
Splenic infarction is most commonly the result of a. cardiac emboli b. splenomegaly c. splenic trauma d. pneumonia
subphrenic abscess
Splenomegaly may result from all of the following except a. trauma b. congestion c. subphrenic abscess d. collagen vascular disease
right decubitus
The best patient position to evaluate the spleen is a. supine b. left lateral decubitus c. left posterior oblique d. right decubitus
to filter the peripheral blood
The major function of the spleen is a. hematopoiesis b. to fight infection c. to manufacture leukocytes d. to filter the peripheral blood
homogeneous and similar to the liver
The normal sonographic appearance of the splenic parenchyma is a. homogeneous and similar to the liver b. heterogeneous c. hyperechoic compared with the liver d. hypoechoic compared with the kidney
superomedial; inferolateral
The spleen has two components joined at the hilum; they are the __ and __ components a. anterior; posterior b. superomedial; inferolateral c. superior; inferior c. superolateral; inferomedial
pentagonal
The spleen is variable in size and is considered to be all of the following except a. tetrahedral b. pentagonal c. triangular d. orange segment
pancreas
The splenic vein courses along the posterior border of the a. spleen b. kidney c. pancreas d. adrenal gland
bright echoes
What sonographic signs are present in the patient with histoplasmosis a. atrophy b. cystic masses c. adenomas d. bright echoes
near the hilum of the spleen
When accessory spleens are present, they are usually located a. at the inferior margin of the spleen b. on the posterior aspect of the spleen c. near the hilum of the spleen d. near the kidney
cavernous hemangioma
Which one of the following may cause splenic rupture a. complicated cyst b. infarction c. metastatic tumor d. cavernous hemangioma
the spleen is located within the retroperitoneum
Which one of the following statements about the spleen is false a. the spleen lies inferior to the diaphragm.. b. the normal adult spleen measures approximately 7 cm in width c. the spleen is located within the retroperitoneum d. the spleen lies in the posterior to the hypochondrium
the left kidney lies inferior and medial to the spleen
Which one of the following statements describes the correct anatomic location of structures adjacent to the spleen a. the diaphragm is anterior, lateral, and inferior to the spleen b. the funds of the stomach and lesser sac are medial and posterior to the splenic hilum c. the left kidney lies inferior and medial to the spleen d. the right adrenal and kidney lie superior to the spleen
asymptomatic
Which one of the following symptoms is the most common symptom in patients with a splenic hamartoma a. asymptomatic b. epigastric pain c. abdominal pain d. right upper quadrant pain: