Sonography 15 The Spleen

polycythemia vera

A chronic disease of unknown causes that involves all bone marrow elements is a. thalassemia b. polycythemia vera c. leukemia d. hodgkin disease

wandering spleen

A spleen that has migrated from its normal location is termed a. accessory spleen b. wandering spleen c. ectopic spleen d. splenomegaly

destruction of red blood cells

All of the following are functions of the spleen except a. production of plasma cells b. production of lymphocytes c. destruction of red blood cells d. destruction of white blood cells

internal hemorrhage

An abnormal decrease in platelets may be the result of a(n) a. infection b. bone marrow disorder c. internal hemorrhage d. allergic reaction

hodgkin disease

Atrophy of the spleen may be found in all of the following except a. normal individuals b. wasting diseases c. leukemia d. hodgkin disease

13

In the adult, splenomegaly is diagnosed when the length of the spleen exceeds __ cm a. 11 b. 12 c. 13 d. 14

enlarged

In the early stages of sickle cell anemia, the spleen generally appears a. atrophied b. heterogeneous c. enlarged d. hyperechoic: enlarged

splenic artery

Lymph nodes emerge from the splenic hilum and course along the a. renal vein b. splenic artery c. renal artery d. splenic vein

myelofibrosis

Massive splenomegaly is most likely the result of a. infection b. leukemia c. myelofibrosis d. portal hypertension

pericardium

Other areas that should be examined when ruling out a splenic rupture include all of the following except a. liver and lesser sac b. pericardium c. pelvis d. renal gutter

brain

Primary tumors that may metastasize to the spleen originate from all of the following structures except a. kidney b. ovary c. stomach d. brain:

splenic trauma

Splenic infarction is most commonly the result of a. cardiac emboli b. splenomegaly c. splenic trauma d. pneumonia

subphrenic abscess

Splenomegaly may result from all of the following except a. trauma b. congestion c. subphrenic abscess d. collagen vascular disease

right decubitus

The best patient position to evaluate the spleen is a. supine b. left lateral decubitus c. left posterior oblique d. right decubitus

to filter the peripheral blood

The major function of the spleen is a. hematopoiesis b. to fight infection c. to manufacture leukocytes d. to filter the peripheral blood

homogeneous and similar to the liver

The normal sonographic appearance of the splenic parenchyma is a. homogeneous and similar to the liver b. heterogeneous c. hyperechoic compared with the liver d. hypoechoic compared with the kidney

superomedial; inferolateral

The spleen has two components joined at the hilum; they are the __ and __ components a. anterior; posterior b. superomedial; inferolateral c. superior; inferior c. superolateral; inferomedial

pentagonal

The spleen is variable in size and is considered to be all of the following except a. tetrahedral b. pentagonal c. triangular d. orange segment

pancreas

The splenic vein courses along the posterior border of the a. spleen b. kidney c. pancreas d. adrenal gland

bright echoes

What sonographic signs are present in the patient with histoplasmosis a. atrophy b. cystic masses c. adenomas d. bright echoes

near the hilum of the spleen

When accessory spleens are present, they are usually located a. at the inferior margin of the spleen b. on the posterior aspect of the spleen c. near the hilum of the spleen d. near the kidney

cavernous hemangioma

Which one of the following may cause splenic rupture a. complicated cyst b. infarction c. metastatic tumor d. cavernous hemangioma

the spleen is located within the retroperitoneum

Which one of the following statements about the spleen is false a. the spleen lies inferior to the diaphragm.. b. the normal adult spleen measures approximately 7 cm in width c. the spleen is located within the retroperitoneum d. the spleen lies in the posterior to the hypochondrium

the left kidney lies inferior and medial to the spleen

Which one of the following statements describes the correct anatomic location of structures adjacent to the spleen a. the diaphragm is anterior, lateral, and inferior to the spleen b. the funds of the stomach and lesser sac are medial and posterior to the splenic hilum c. the left kidney lies inferior and medial to the spleen d. the right adrenal and kidney lie superior to the spleen

asymptomatic

Which one of the following symptoms is the most common symptom in patients with a splenic hamartoma a. asymptomatic b. epigastric pain c. abdominal pain d. right upper quadrant pain: