Spanish Explorers Part 2
Father Junipero Serra
A Spanish Franciscan priest known for his mission work in present day California. He walked four or five thousand miles of California's coastline, preaching as he went.
Juan de Onate - wealthy Spanish explorer from Mexico
Crossed the Rio Grande from Mexico into Texas and went as far as present day New Mexico looking for cities of gold. He established a Spanish colony called Santa Fe in 1610
Hernando de Soto- seeking the fabled 7 cities of gold- claimed the Southeast region of North America for Spain- his main interest--to find gold
Explored Florida 1539. Hoped to find gold and a water passage to China and Japan. He sailed from Cuba, then marched through Florida, Alabama, across the Mississippi River and into Texas where he died of a fever in 1542. Treated Indians he met brutally
Juan Ortiz- Survivor of an earlier expedition
Had been held captive by the Indians for 12 years when found by de Soto. Joined de Soto's expedition as an interpreter since he knew several Indian languages He died before de Soto in 1542
de Soto's relationship to the Indians he encountered
He treated Indians he met brutally
How far north did the de Soto go on his expedition?
The Appalachian Mountains where North and South Carolina are today.
Result of de Soto's failed expedition-- that resulted in his death and the death of almost half of the 600 men who started with him --and his failure to find gold
The enormous losses suffered by the expeditions of Coronado and de Soto caused Spain to stop their exploration of North America for the next 100 years.
Santa Fe -- a Spanish colony established in 1610 by Juan de Ornate in present day New Mexico
The first European colony established by a Spaniard from Mexico in the western part of North America in 1610 (around the same time Jamestown was being settled in the eastern part of North America)
St. Augustine --established in 1565
The first Spanish settlement north of Mexico. Established to keep the French out of Florida
After 1610, Spanish towns were started where Albuquerque and El Paso are today
These towns were mainly religious settlements--missions-- where Catholic monks taught their religion to the Indians who were forced to work for the mission and give up their own way of life
Jacques Marquette--French Catholic Priest 1673
Traveled with a map maker named Louis Joliet in a birch bark canoe through what would eventually be Wisconsin, Illinois and Mississippi
New France --what the French called the land they claimed to own in North America
What did the French call the land they claimed -- all of the area around the St. Lawrence River and the entire Mississippi river valley. They had many trading posts along the banks of these rivers where French and Indian trappers sold furs to traders who shipped them to France
"dogging" Indians -de Soto's favorite sport
dogs were trained to catch and hold people alive so they could be captured as slaves or prisoners or they were trained to directly kill people
Mississippi River -- The Mississippi River begins as a trickle flowing out of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota. From there the river flows 2,348 miles until it pours into the Gulf of Mexico below New Orleans. The Mississippi River drains 33 states and its watershed covers one-half of the nation.
first recorded sighting of this river by non-Indians was made by de Soto and his conquistadors 1541
Missions
religious settlements started by Spanish Catholic monks to teach their religion to the Indians. Eventually there were missions along the entire coast of California (Missions were also established by the French for the same purpose in the eastern part of North America that they called New France)