Speech 1110- Midterm (Ch. 1-15)

(Ch.3) (Type of listening) Giving undivided attention to a speaker in a genuine effort to understand the speaker's point of view

active (listening)

(Ch.1) A hormone released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress

adrenaline

(Ch.3) (Type of listening) Listening for pleasure or enjoyment

appreciative (listening)

(Ch.13) The physical production of particular speech sounds

articulation

(Ch.2) Three guidelines for ethical listening

attentive, avoid prejudging, open expression of ideas

(Ch.5) A method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas

brainstorming

(Ch.9) A method of speech organization in which the main points show a cause-effect relationship

causal order

(Ch.5) A one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech

central idea

(Ch.1) The means by which a message is communicated

channel

(Ch.9) A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern

chronological order

(Ch.5) Take a sheet of paper and divide it into nine columns with group headings, then list in each column the first four or five items that come to mind. What brainstorming method is this?

clustering

(Ch.3) (Type of listening) Listening to understand the message of a speaker

comprehensive (listening)

(Ch.15) (Type of Speech) A belief theory, idea, notion, or principle

concept (speech)

(Ch.9) A word or phrase that connects the ideas of a speech and indicates the relationships among them

connective

(Ch.13) Presenting a speech so it sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed

conversational quality

(Ch.10) The audience's perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic

credibility

(Ch.10) A conclusion in which the speech builds to a zenith of power and intensity

crescendo ending

(Ch.3) (Type of listening) Listening to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it

critical (listening)

(Ch.1) Focused organized thinking about such things as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion

critical thinking

(Ch.11) Directions in a speaking outline to help a speaker remember how she or he wants to deliver key parts of the speech

delivery cues

(Ch.13) A variety of a language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocabulary

dialect

(Ch.10) A conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement

dissolve ending

(Ch.3) (Type of listening) Listening to provide emotional support for a speaker

empathic (listening)

(Ch.2) Sound ___ ___ involve weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines

ethical decisions

(Ch.2) The branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs

ethics

(Ch.1) The belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures

ethnocentrism

(Ch.15) (Type of Speech) Anything that happens or is regarded as happening

event (speech)

(Ch.9) The materials used to support a speaker's ideas

examples, statistics, testimony

(Ch.13) A carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes

extemporaneous speech

(Ch.1) The messages usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker

feedback

(Ch.1) The sum of a person's knowledge experience, goals, values, and attitudes. No two people can have the same ___ ___ ___

frame of reference

(Ch.5) The broad goal of a speech

general purpose

(Ch.2) Stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one's own

global plagiarism

(Ch.10) The audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind

goodwill

(Ch.13) A speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation

impromptu (speech)

(Ch.2) Failing to give credit for parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people

incremental plagiarism

(Ch.13) Changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker's voice

inflection

(Ch.15) A speech designed to convey knowledge and understanding

informative (speech)

(Ch.1) Anything that impedes the communication of a message, can be external or internal to listeners

interference

(Ch.9) A statement in the body of the speech that lets the audience know what the speaker is going to discuss next

internal preview

(Ch.9) A statement in the body of the speech that summarizes the speaker's preceding point or points

internal summary

(Ch.5) Browse through a subject-based Web site, an online encyclopedia, or some other reference portal until you come across what might be a good topic. What brainstorming methods is this?

internet search

(Ch.3) An outline that briefly notes a speaker's main points and supporting evidence in rough outline form

key word outline

(Ch.1) The person who receives the speaker's message

listener

(Ch.3) Paying close attention to and making sense of, what we hear

listening

(Ch.9) The major points developed in the body of a speech

main points (most speeches contain from two to five main points)

(Ch.13) A speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience

manuscript (speech)

(Ch.1) Whatever a speaker communicates to someone else

message

(Ch.13) A constant pitch or tone of voice

monotone

(Ch.2) The use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups

name calling

(Ch.13) Communication based on a person's use of voice and body; rather than the use of words

nonverbal communication

(Ch.15) (Type of Speech) Anything that is visible; tangible; and stable in form

object (speech)

(Ch.2) To restate or summarize an author's ideas in one's own words

paraphrase

(Ch.14) Do not ___ around your ___ ___

pass, visual aid

(Ch.2) Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own

patchwork plagiarism

(Ch.13) A momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech

pause

(Ch.5) A quick inventory of your experiences interests, hobbies, skills, beliefs, and so forth; jot down anything that comes to mind no matter how silly or irrelevant it may seem

personal inventory

(Ch.13) The highness or lowness of the speaker's voice

pitch

(Ch.2) Presenting another person's language or ideas as one's own

plagiarism

(Ch.1) Controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for his or her presentation

positive nervousness

(Ch.11) A detailed outline developed during the process of speech preparation that includes the title, specific purpose, central idea, introduction, main points, subpoints, connectives, conclusion, and bibliography of a speech

preparation outline

(Ch.10) A statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body

preview statement

(Ch.9) A method of speech organization in which the first main point deals with the existence of a problem and the second main point presents a solution to the problem

problem-solution order

(Ch.15) (Type of Speech) A systematic series of actions that leads to a specific result or product

process (speech)

(Ch.13) The accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words in a given language

pronunciation

(Ch.13) The speed at which a person speaks

rate

(Ch.5) What a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech

residual message

(Ch.10) The two components of conclusion

signal end of speech and reinforce the central idea

(Ch.9) A very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or that focuses attention on key ideas

signpost

(Ch.1) The time and place in which speech communication occurs

situation

(Ch.9) A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a directional pattern

spatial order

(Ch.1) The person who is presenting an oral message to a listener

speaker

(Ch.11) A brief outline used to jog a speaker's memory during the presentation of a speech

speaking outline

(Ch.5) A single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in his or her speech

specific purpose

(Ch.1) Anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience

stage fright

(Ch.9) Putting a speech together in a way to achieve a result with a particular audience

strategic organization

(Ch.9) Sections of the main point

sub point, sub-sub point, sub-sub-sub point

(Ch.5) The subject of a speech

topic

(Ch.9) A method of speech organization in which the main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics

topical order

(Ch.9) Five methods of organizing

topical, chronological, spatial, causal, problem and solution

(Ch.9) A word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another

transition

(Ch.11) The pattern of symbolization and indentation in a speech outline that shows the relationships among the speaker's ideas

visual framework

(Ch.1) Mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation

visualization

(Ch.13) Changes in a speaker's rate, pitch, and volume that give the speech expressiveness

vocal variety

(Ch.13) A pause that occurs when a speaker fills the silence between words with vocalizations such as "uh" "er" and "um."

vocalized pause

(Ch.13) The loudness or softness of the speaker's voice

volume