speech

What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement? Because the crime-reduction policy I propose has worked successfully in New York, Houston, and New Orleans, we can be confident that it will work here as well.

analogical reasoning

Whenever you give a persuasive speech on a question of value, you need to inspire your audience to follow your call for action.

justify your value judgement against a set of standards or criteria.

Which of the following is an example of a commemorative speech?

a eulogy at a funeral praising the life and accomplishments of the deceased, an address at the site of the World Trade Center praising the people who lost their lives on September 11, 2001, a speech at a new elementary school praising the work of the women for whom the school is named

Which of the following is an example of a speech for a special occasion?

a speech presenting an award to a retiring teacher

___________ is repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words.

alliteration

Sloppy ________ is the failure to form particular speech sounds crisply and distinctly.

articulation

The _______ meaning of a word is what the word suggests or implies.

connotative

The major traits of a good acceptance speech are brevity, humility, and _________.

evidence

A(n) ____________ is a specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like.

example

Regardless of whether your aim is to encourage passive agreement or immediate action, you must deal with three basic issues whenever you discuss a question of policy. What are they?

need, plan, and practicality

If you want to find journal or magazine articles on your speech topic, you should consult a(n)

periodical database

Violating the accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words in a given language is an error in ________.

pronounciation

Persuasive speeches on questions of value are usually organized in

topical order

A hypothetical example is an example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation.

true

Good delivery does not call attention to itself.

true

Inaccurate use of language can harm a speaker's credibility.

true

Language mirrors reality.

true

"To persuade my audience that discrimination on the basis of marital status is unfair" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of ___________.

value

Changes in a speaker's rate, pitch and volume are referred to as

vocal variety

Under normal circumstance, a speech of introduction should be no more than _____ minutes long.

2-3

The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? As we have seen, the trend is for companies to reduce long-term research and development costs in order to increase short-term profits. Since so many companies are doing this, it must make good business sense.

bandwagon

If you need information about a specific person, you should consult a ____________ such as Who's Who, Dictionary of Hispanic Biography, or Contemporary Black Biography.

biographical aid

____________ are used in libraries to classify books and periodicals and to indicate where they can be found on the shelves.

call numbers

A speaker's credibility is affected above all by how the audience regards the speaker's

competence and character

According to your textbook, the tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being is called

egocentrism

According to your textbook, what type of supporting material would you be using if you quoted Yale physicist Daniel Timbie on the compatibility of the big bang theory with religious philosophies?

expert testimony

Adapting your message to the needs of a particular audience means that you must inevitably compromise your beliefs.

false

Even if you can't identify the author or sponsoring organization for an Internet document, you can still use the document in your speech as long as it is up to date.

false

For the sake of clarity, you should usually employ the generic "he" when speaking in public.

false

In most cases, statistics speak for themselves and do not require a lot of explanation when used in a speech.

false

Listeners usually find generalizations more interesting and convincing than specific statements.

false

Reasoning from principle involves moving from a specific principle to a general conclusion.

false

Taking account of your listeners' racial, ethnic, or cultural background is an important factor in situational audience analysis

false

The best rate for effective public speaking is 110 words per minute.

false

The purpose of a speech of introduction is to reveal the major points that will be made by the main speaker.

false

True or false: Concentrating on the target audience means that a persuasive speaker can ignore the rest of the audience.

false

What error in reasoning is exemplified in the following statement? I usually eat spaghetti for dinner the day before an exam, but I ran out of spaghetti the night before the calculus final. That's why I got a C.

false cause

"Do you think gun control is a workable solution to the problem of violence in U.S. schools?" is an example of a(n) ____________ question.

fixed-alternative

Which of the following does your textbook discuss as major factors in demographic audience analysis?

gender, age, group membership, and sexual orientation

What error in reasoning is exemplified in the following statement? I watched a Taiwanese film in class last week, and it was extremely violent. When I mentioned this to my friend, she said that she, too, had seen a violent Taiwanese film. Apparently, all Taiwanese films are violent.

hasty generalization

When gauging your audience's disposition toward the speech topic, you should take into account their

interstate's in the topic, knowledge on the topic, attitude toward the topic.

The denotative meaning of a word is

its literal meaning or dictionary definition

Dr. Kristin Lutz is preparing an informative talk about the genetic relationship between twins for a group of expectant parents. The most important factor Dr. Lutz should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its

knowledge of the topic

Which of the following is the third step in Monroe's motivated sequence?

need

________ is based on a person's use of voice and body rather than the use of words.

nonverbal communication

In a persuasive speech to gain ___________, the speaker's goal is to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of that policy.

passive agreement

As Mark Twain noted, "The right word may be effective, but no word was ever as effective as a rightly timed ________."

pause

___________ is the pattern of sound in a speech created by the choice and arrangement of words.

rhythm

Questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers are called ____________ questions.

scale

Three kinds of search aids discussed in the chapter for finding documents on the Internet are

search engines, virtual libraries, and government resources

"His ideas are as worthless as withered weeds" are examples of

simile and alliteration

The three kinds of supporting materials discussed in your textbook are

statistics, examples, and testimony

The most important question to ask when assessing analogical reasoning is whether the analogy creates a logical dilemma.

the two cases being compared are essentially alike

An acceptance speech gives thanks for a gift, an award, or some other form of public recognition.

true

Examples are especially useful for getting listeners involved in a speech.

true

Monroe's motivated sequence is most useful for speeches that seek immediate action

true

Research shows that speakers in the United States who fail to establish eye contact may be seen by listeners as insincere or even dishonest.

true

The most important task in preparing to conduct a research interview is deciding what questions to ask during the interview.

true

True or false: "To persuade my audience that Congress should revise the laws governing medical malpractice" is a specific purpose for a persuasive speech on a question of policy.

true

Using inclusive language is an important part of being an audience-centered public speaker.

true

You should never cite an article in your speech on the basis of the abstract alone.

true

You should usually avoid using detailed examples because they will bore your audience.

true