SPEECH - Final

Which of the following is the BEST example of self-disclosure?

"I am nervous about starting this new job"

Interpretation pieces performed by a duo must be no longer than which of the following?

10 minutes

In policy debate, each cross-examination may not exceed which of the following?

3 minutes

How long are students given to prepare their speeches in domestic and international extemporaneous?

30 minutes

How many categories should be included in an analytical assessment?

4-5

According to Donnell King's four principles of communication that states that interpersonal communication is complicated, how many "people" are considered to be involved in interpersonal communication?

6

In Lincoln-Douglas debate, the affirmative constructive speech must not exceed which of the following?

6 minutes

In Lincoln-Douglas debate, the negative rebuttal may not exceed which of the following?

6 minutes.

In impromptu speaking, how long are speeches allowed to be?

7 minutes

In impromptu speaking, how long are students given to prepare their speeches?

7 minutes

What is the time limit for speeches in both domestic and international extemporaneous speech competition?

7 minutes

What is a primary source?

A document or physical object which was written or created during the time under study. ex: autobiographies, music, speeches, original photos, diaries

What is a synecdoche?

A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole and vise versa

What is syllogism?

A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.

What are complementary relationships?

A pattern of opposite interaction between two people

What is the BEST definition of conflict?

A social interaction characterized by opposite goals.

A logical fallacy in which the speaker attacks a person rather than addressing the issues at hand is known as which of the following?

Ad Hominem

The practice of using the news to determine what's important to public opinion is known as which of the following?

Agenda setting

Which of the following types of communicators are thought to be more successful in interactions with others?

Androgynous communicators

A student fails to respond to a question. What is the best response?

Answer the question

A character who is in conflict with the character who is the focal point of the main plot in a piece of literature is known as which of the following?

Antagonist

A speaker who argues that the status quo is inherently better than any new idea or method is employing which of the following?

Appeal to tradition fallacy

How would you point out a flaw in oral feedback without discouraging the student?

Ask a question

What is an emergent role in group communication?

Assuming behaviors based on expectations of a group

The process by which audiences segment into smaller niche audiences with specific interests and concerns is known as which of the following?

Audience fragmentation

Four common leadership styles are?

Autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire, abdicratic

Who created the Decision Emergence Theory?

B. Aubrey Fisher

If Gina is trying to tell Mary about today's homework assignment, but the band is playing loudly next door, what type of barrier is this?

Barrier to message transmission

When we are not consciously paying attention and carefully evaluating our media exposures, the mass media continually reinforce certain behavioral patterns of exposure until they become automatic habits. Which of the following statements about media literacy is least accurate?

Being media literate will help you build the life that the media wants for you.

Which of the following statements about media literacy is least accurate?

Being media literate will help you build the life that the media wants for you.

What is role duality?

Being sender and receiver, simultaneously

Once the main purpose of a speech is established, the main points of the speech must be determined. Of the following, which would be the first step in determining the main points for the outline?

Brainstorm a list of points.

A program that is used to access the Internet is known as which of the following?

Browswer

Which of the following generations is characterized by being cautious about spending money, working hard until a task is completed, and puts their own interests aside for the common good?

Builders

The requirement that a speaker provide the latest argument in an ongoing string of arguments in a debate is known as which of the following?

Burden of rejoinder.

A single sentence which encapsulates a speech's major ideas is known as which of the following?

Central idea

When a student is preparing for a debate which of the following would be least appropriate recommendation for the introduction?

Challenge the logic of the other side's argument.

The medium through which a message is sent to a mass audience is known as which of the following?

Channel

Which of the following statements about the channel(s) of communication is least accurate?

Channels must be either oral or written.

Which of the following is the MOST important reason for social construction of reality?

Civilized verbal communication cannot exist without it.

What do polarized attitudes foster in the conflict stage of group communication?

Coalitions.

Communication is a performative act in which of the following ways?

Communication is done in both public and private settings, it is motivated by individual desires, and it is scripted.

Which of the following can define the social penetration theory?

Communication moves from shallow to intimate, as relationships develop.Taking someone from one social group and putting them into another.

What is the common misconception about conflict?

Conflict is always negative

Tasks that are chosen in test construction for summative assessments for class must be representative of which of the following?

Curriculum

What is the first step to choosing an alternative assessment?

Determine what should be applied.

Which of the following statements about self-disclosure in communication is least accurate?

Disclosure does not include future hopes, dreams, ambitions, and goals.

Which of the following statements about discrete items testing is true?

Discrete items testing provides no information on a learner's ability to use language for communicative purposes.

Which of the following tactics would be least likely to be used to avoid potentially disastrous conflict?

Do not include those most directly involved in the conflict in solving the conflict.

A group member who makes attempts to assert authority over the group by manipulating other members has taken on which of the following roles?

Dominator

A piece of poetry that is addressed to someone who is dead is known as which of the following?

Elegy

When a speaker appeals to the audience's perception of him or her as credible, dynamic, and competent, he or she is using which of the following?

Ethos

Words that are used in place of words or terms that might be upsetting to the audience are known as which of the following?

Euphemisms

The terms "evaluation" and "assessment" are often used interchangeably but they are technically different. Which of the following describes the difference most appropriately?

Evaluation is a broader term that encompasses all aspects of teaching and learning including assessment

The terms "evaluation" and "assessment" are often used interchangeably but they are technically different. Which of the following describes the difference most appropriately?

Evaluation is a broader term that encompasses all aspects of teaching and learning including assessment.

A group member who makes an attempt to judge and critique the evidence and conclusions presented has taken on which of the following roles?

Evaluator, sometimes called the critic

Which of the following statements about family communication is least accurate?

Family members are independent

A speech, which is prepared prior to the debate, in which an affirmative speaker presents the affirmative case is known as which of the following?

First affirmative constructive

In Lincoln-Douglas debate, the speech in which the affirmative speaker responds to the negative speaker's case and rebuilds the affirmative case is known as which of the following?

First affirmative rebuttal

What type of role in a group is assigned directly.

Formal

Who was Aristotle?

Greek philosopher - creator of egos, logos, pathos

Which of the following recommendations would be least appropriate for teachers who want to implement Readers Theater with their classes?

Have the students do impromptu theater

What is wit?

Humor for adaptability

Of the following competitive debate events which ones use a one-on-one format? I. Lincoln-Douglas debate II. Policy debate III. Public-forum debate IV. Extemporaneous debate V. World Schools debate

I and IV only

The three building blocks of media literacy are which of the following? I. personal locus II. knowledge structures III. skills IV. education V socialization

I, II, and III

There are primarily three advantages to developing a higher degree of media literacy. They include which of the following? I. appreciation for a wider variety of messages II. learning more about how to program one's mental codes III. being able to exercise more control over media IV. being able to hold opinions V. appreciation for social responsibility

I, II, and III

Which of the following statements about literary criticism are accurate? I. It is the reasoned consideration of literary works and issues. II. It applies to only some argumentation about literature. III. Strictly construed, the term covers only "practical criticism." IV. Criticism is often considered to be separate from scholarship. V. Criticism in a narrow sense can be distinguished from aesthetics.

I. It is the reasoned consideration of literary works and issues. III. Strictly construed, the term covers only "practical criticism." IV. Criticism is often considered to be separate from scholarship. V. Criticism in a narrow sense can be distinguished from aesthetics.

There are primarily three advantages to developing a higher degree of media literacy. They include which of the following? I. appreciation for a wider variety of messages II. learning more about how to program one's mental codes III. being able to exercise more control over media IV. being able to hold opinions V. appreciation for social responsibility

I. appreciation for a wider variety of messages II. learning more about how to program one's mental codes III. being able to exercise more control over media

The characteristics of a proposition in debate include which of the following? I. controversy II. one central idea III. emotional terms IV. precise statement of the affirmative's desired decision

I. controversy II. one central idea IV. precise statement of the affirmative's desired decision

The term forensics dates back to ancient Greece and Aristotle's three types of rhetoric. They are: I. forensic II. contextual III. deliberative IV. epideictic V. epistemological

I. forensic III. deliberative IV. epideictic

Phrases or words that mean something other than the literal meaning of the words themselves are known as which of the following?

Idioms

The competitive speech and debate event in which the competitor is given 30 seconds to choose his or her topic and begin speaking is which of the following?

Impromptu

What is ad hominem?

In an argument, this is an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas

In terms of characterization in oral interpretation, which of the following statements is least accurate?

In humorous interpretations, characterizations should be more subtle.

oratory purpose

Inform, entertain, influence

Functions which are not specifically assigned to any one member, and which any member can perform at any time, are known as which of the following?

Informal roles

What is a secondary source?

Information gathered by someone who did not take part in or witness an event ex: books, articles, history books, critics, encyclopedia,

Progaganda

Information used to promote or publicize a particular cause or point of view - intended to sway public opinion

A type of public speaking in which the speaker seeks to increase knowledge, awareness, or understanding of a topic is known as which of the following?

Informative speaking

What are the steps for Knapp's Relational Development model for coming together?

Initiating, experimenting, intensifying, integrating, and bonding

What is the definition of a speech act?

Intentional communication to achieve a goal

A competitive speech event in which students are given 30 minutes to prepare a 7 minute speech on a topic of international importance is known as which of the following?

International extemporaneous.

What is one of the principles of interpersonal communication?

Interpersonal communication is irreversible.

When one group member cuts another member's message short, he or she has delivered which of the following?

Interrupting response

What is NOT important in reviewing items in test construction?

Is the subject matter interesting?

Communication in a family setting may be different from communication in a group setting in what way?

It can be enhanced within family communication

Which of the following statements about principled negotiation is least accurate?

It is a technique of individual and group work together.

Evaluations of instructional, program, and curriculum planning and development is an integral part of a successful educational environment. Reconciling individualized evaluations with district- or state-mandated standards is one of the problems classroom-based and collaborative approaches to these evaluations faces. Which of the following is another problem encountered with the classroom-based and collaborative approach?

It is not possible to prescribe how these approaches should be conducted.

After dinner speaking (ADS) is a competitive speech and debate event. All of the following are characteristics of this event EXCEPT:

It may encompass more than one subject.

Each of the following statements about creative drama is accurate EXCEPT:

Its emphasis is product rather than process.

What is the diagram that represents the process of self-disclosure?

Johari Window

John and Bob are on the football team and Sara is on the volleyball team. Who would have the best co-orientation?

John and Bob

Imagery that evokes a sense of embodiment is known as which of the following?

Kinesthetic imagery

Teachers should supplement established curriculum based on which of the following?

Learners' need

When a speaker uses appeals to reason and data, and hopes to influence the audience to use logic, he or she is employing which of the following?

Logos

A literary critic who focuses on how the characters in a story interact based on their economic situation is using which theory of criticism?

Marxist criticism

The Two-Step Flow theory of Katz and Lazarfield argued that:

Messages flow from the media to opinion formers who directly received a message and were interested enough to want to relay it to others.

Listeners who have knowledge about the speaker's topic and hold unfavorable views of it are known as which of the following?

Negative audience

In Lincoln-Douglas debate, a speech in which the negative speaker attempts to take down the affirmative case and anticipate any arguments that might come up in rebuttal is known as which of the following?

Negative rebuttal

Contemporary American literary criticism began with which of the following?

New critism

Which of the following is an example of selective perception?

Not noticing the bad behavior of your "favorite" child

The degree to which a news outlet reports material in a fair, balanced fashion with no interpretation, is known as which of the following?

Objectivity

Imagery that appeals to the sense of smell is known as which of the following?

Olfactory imagery

What are complementary exchanges?

One party has a one-up message and the other a one-down message.

A group member who seeks clarification of values or opinions is playing which of the following roles?

Opinion seeker

When a speaker shares a text with an audience in its full intellectual, emotional, and aesthetic content, this is known as which of the following?

Oral interpretation

What is a skill of a good listener?

Paraphrasing what was heard

What does a complementary relationship MOST likely entail?

Parties engage in opposite behaviors

What is the difference between perception and self-concept?

Perception is outward - our values and beliefs around us

Any action, executed in real time by a real body for the benefit of an audience, is known as which of the following?

Performance

Which of the following statements about performance studies is least accurate?

Performance studies has long been accepted as a discipline.

Print media that is distributed on a regular schedule, such as magazines, are known as which of the following?

Periodicals

What are beliefs defined as?

Personal orientation towards good and bad.

Which of the following is a type of communication context?

Physical milieu - the physical location or environment

Presenting another person's ideas as your own is known as which of the following?

Plagiarism

A speech that is organized so that the first main point presents a problem and the second main point presents a possible solution to that problem is said to use which of the following?

Problem-solution order

The primary figure in the prevailing plot of a story or other piece of literature is known as which of the following?

Protagonist.

What will help establish appropriate class behavior from the beginning?

Provide class expectations

Which of the following statements about Public Forum Debate events in competition is least accurate?

Public Forum Debate is a one-on-one debate.

The prevailing set of views on an issue is known as which of the following?

Public opinion

What is the main purpose of written communication?

Reaching a large number of scattered recipients

There are ways of expressing disagreement productively. Which of the following strategies is least likely to be productive?

React to disagreement with defensiveness.

A type of theater in which adapted literature is performed, typically by a group of performers using scripts, is known as which of the following?

Reader's Theater

Which of the following is a verbal cue which shows a degree of similarity?

Reciprocating self disclosure

A group member who continuously boasts about his or her own accomplishments as a way of seeking the spotlight has assumed which of the following roles?

Recognition seeker

What is a phase of the Decision Emergence Theory?

Reinforcement

The repetition of sounds or syllables at the ends of lines of verse is known as which of the following?

Rhyme.

Which of the following would be an example of the communicative language teaching approach?

Role-playing

_________ should guide students in their oral or written critiques.

Rubics

What will help manage classroom behavior when students present individual oral presentations?

Schedule a few oral reports each day

What is the basis for intrapersonal communication?

Self-concept

A speaker or performer who is addressing an imaginary or invisible person and places them in a specific spot, which the speaker then addresses, is using which of the following?

Semi-closed focus.

Which of the following series lists the elements of effective communication?

Sender, receiver, message, channel, feedback

Which of the following actions is least likely to help a person to protect his or her privacy online?

Set up your Internet browsers to allow cookies as the default.

What is the purpose of report talk?

Share information

A literary device that compares two dissimilar things using "like" or "as" is known as which of the following?

Simile

It is important to maintain intimate relationships. This is known as relational maintenance, and there are five strategies to accomplish it. Which of the following is not one of these?

Social networks - do not rely upon friends or family to provide support.

What are the three concepts of symbolic interaction?

Society, self, and mind.

A piece of dramatic poetry in which a character speaks his or her inner thoughts is known as which of the following?

Soliloquy

Which of the following is a level of intrapersonal communication?

Solo written communication

What is "noise" defined as in the communication process?

Something that interferes with the message

In a classroom debate situation which of the following recommendations is least appropriate?

Speak whenever necessary to refute a point.

The critical elements that the affirmative MUST prove in order to prove the resolution, are known as which of the following?

Stock issues

In analytical rubrics that have a score between 0 and 4, which of the following should be awarded a 4?

Student has a central topic that makes sense and is supported

What is it called when one partner's assertion is countered with a reflective response?

Symmetrical exchanges

The extent to which all group members are working together toward a shared goal is known as which of the following?

Task cohesion

A speaker who fears that her audience will see her as incompetent if she has difficulties using the visual aids or other equipment during her speech is said to be experiencing which of the following?

Technophobia

The credibility a speaker possesses at the conclusion of his or her speech is known as which of the following?

Terminal credibility

What is an example of collective orientation?

The Vatican

What does relationship context assume?

There are mutual expectations within groups

Imagery that evokes a sense of temperature is known as which of the following?

Thermal imagery

Which of the following best describes content-oriented listeners?

They are drawn to the highly credible source, analyzing the things that are heard.

When choosing literature for oral interpretation, one must know what good literature actually is. For competition there are some competitive norms. Which of the following would not be an appropriate norm?

Third person perspective is best.

A speech which is organized in such a way that the main points break the topic into logical, consistent subtopics utilizes which of the following?

Topical order

Which seating arrangement is useful for facilitating class discussion?

U-shaped

A proposition that is philosophical in nature, and for which there is no right or wrong answer, is known as which of the following?

Value proposition

Each of the following is an appropriate acting principle for students EXCEPT:

Watch yourself act to manipulate how you will do things on stage.

Relational communication pertains to the "who" of any interaction. Each of the following statements about relational communication is accurate EXCEPT:

We are communicating relationally approximately 50 percent of the time.

Which of the following statements about male and female communication styles is least accurate?

When listening, men make more noises such as "mm-hmm" and "uh-huh", while women are more likely to listen silently.

When does effective communication take place?

When the receiver gives feedback that coincides with the message.

What is a factor of adaptability in communication?

Wit

Policy Debate

a form of debate competition in which teams of two advocate for and against a resolution that typically calls for policy change by the United States federal government.

Monroe's motivated sequence is best described by which of the following?

a method of organizing persuasive speeches that seek immediate action

Which of the following statements best describes the notion of measurement error in the context of assessment reliability?

a variation in scores caused by factors unrelated to the ability being assessed

What shape best represents the social penetration theory?

a wedge

The media literacy skill which is used in creating a brief, clear, and accurate description capturing the essence of a message in a significantly smaller number of words than the message itself is:

abstracting

When a person allows others to have their own way rather than asserting themselves in a conflict this style is:

accomodation

The measure of whether a media outlet reports factual stories is known as which of the following?

accuracy

The bare events that happen in a story are the:

action

The context of interpersonal communication is affected by all but which of the following?

active listening

When a media outlet distributes content with knowledge of its falsity or a reckless disregard for the truth, it has acted with:

actual malice

In debate, fallacies of logic often appear. Claiming that something is true because of popular belief is which of the following fallacies?

ad populum fallacy

What accommodation should be made when verbally asking questions to ELL students?

adjust the language

When a company buys space or time from a media outlet to present messages about their product or service, it is known as which of the following?

advertising

A group that is set up specifically to lobby for, promote, or protect a cause is known as which of the following?

advocacy group

In terms of media literacy, the ability of the media to tell people what and whom to talk and think about is which of the following?

agenda-setting

The work of informative speaking in raising topics to attention and creating a sense of their importance is which of the following?

agenda-setting function

During the orientation phase of group communication, what is the emphasis on?

agreement

A group member who tries to deflate other group members and may attempt to take credit for their ideas has taken on which of the following roles?

agressor

Which of the criteria below would be appropriate to use when evaluating a student's oral presentation?

all of the above extent to which a student demonstrates understanding of the topic extent to which the student is prepared extent to which the student adheres to any proscribed time limit

Public debates yield several outcomes for organizations or people. Which of the following is least likely to be one of them?

allowing larger groups to prove why they are large

One of the potential disadvantages of team building is the possibility of groupthink among members of the team. Which of the following would NOT be a symptom of groupthink?

allowing members to express doubts

In terms of literature, an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly is which of the following?

allusion

Exhibitions or demonstrations, observation and analysis of hands-on projects and portfolios of work, records, etc. are examples of

alternative methods of assessment

Meisner repetition exercise

an acting technique that involves two actors repeating the same phrase back and forth; responding in the same tone or behavior

Creating a strategic perspective on a subject by relating it to something about which the audience has strong positive or negative feelings is which of the following?

analogical persuasion

What type of scoring is used to discover specific strengths and weaknesses?

analytical

What is the main purpose of intrapersonal communication?

analyzing a situation

Listeners who are informed about the speaker's topic but have no interest in or do not care about it are known as which of the following?

apathetic audience

The role of a judge in speech and debate competition includes all but which of the following?

apologizing for lack of expertise in a subject

A speaker who uses the argument that because something has not been proven false, it must therefore be true, is employing which of the following?

appeal to ignorance

When an argument repeats something over and over again trying to prove that it is true this is which of the following fallacies?

argument ad nauseum

How are methods of assessment like structured observation, project work, peer-assessment and self-assessment classified?

as alternative assessments

Which of the following is NOT a positive communication technique?

asking "yes" or "no" questions

The central point in an an argument is known as which of the following?

assertion

The repetition of a vowel sound in two words that are very close together is known as which of the following?

assonance

When should students be allowed to ask questions in an oral presentation given by a classmate?

at the end of the presentation

What are the five steps in the motivated sequence order of a speech?

attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action.

Which of the following is an internal factor for analysis of the audience to which a speech is going to be given?

attitude

Every effective speaker, regardless of delivery style, begins the speech-building process with:

audience analysis

In a debate, an argument which supports a claim with opinions from experts in a field is known as which of the following?

authority

In terms of Congressional Debate/Student Congress Debate competition, a constructive speech of up to three minutes given by a legislator, which introduces an item of legislation for debate by the chamber is which of the following?

authorship speech

The piece of paper on which the judge of a debate records who won the debate, the reasons the winning team won, and the speaker points awarded to each speaker is known as which of the following?

ballot

Shannon-Weaver Model

basic communication model - sender, receiver, message, channel, feedback

Which four of the following principles should a teacher follow when giving feedback on student speeches?

be specific, be sensitive, be descriptive, be timely

When a debate resolution urging action uses a verb not specifying the direction of the action, and two conceivable causal directions exist this is called:

bi-directionality

A media outlet's prejudice, or the degree to which it favors one set of opinions over another, is known as which of the following?

bias

The degree to which a media outlet favors one set of ideas or opinions over another is known as which of the following?

bias

A set of arguments prepared in advance to counter arguments that are anticipated in debate is known as which of the following?

block

The barrier to good communication in which the other person disagrees with every idea that is proposed is which of the following?

blocking

When discussing a problem with another person who gives you non-committal answers and generalizations this is known as which of the following?

blocking

What do only some psychologists include as an aspect of self-concept?

body image

When media researchers find that the interventions they have designed to improve media literacy have had the opposite effect this is called the:

boomerang effect

To develop a strong vocal production, it is first necessary to control

breathing

Why is group conflict important in society?

brings change

The obligation to respond to opposing arguments is which of the following?

burden of refutation

The rule in debate which states that the negative has the responsibility to show that the arguments put forward by the affirmative are invalid is known as which of the following?

burden of refutation

The idea that the presence of others discourages an individual from intervening in an emergency situation is known as which of the following?

bystander effect

A speech that is organized so the main points illustrate a cause and effect relationship is said to employ which of the following?

casual order

The theory that repeated exposure to violent media serves as an outlet for anger and other emotions, leading the audience to be less likely to commit violence, is known as which of the following?

catharsis effect

The order in which authority and power in an organization is wielded and delegated from top management to every employee at every level of the organization is known as which of the following?

chain of command

The auditory or visual method that is used to transmit the message to the receiver is known by which of the following terms?

channel

Interference with a message that occurs during transmission is known as which of the following?

channel noise

What type of evaluation is characterized by questions concerning the suitability of general instructional goals, the effectiveness of instructional methods and materials, and the adequacy of professional resources required to deliver instruction?

class-room based evaluation

The order of a speech which groups ideas before further organizing them is:

classification order

The point in a story when the tension of the conflict reaches its highest point is the:

climax

The bonds of attachment that members of a group have for each other is known as:

cohesiveness

In which of the following types of speech presentations is the level of interaction with the audience most prevalent?

collaborating

Which of the following management strategies is designed to give a win-win solution?

collaborating

Cultural differences represent a major form of diversity in a group. In terms of dimensions of culture, a group member who will cancel personal plans to attend a group meeting is likely from which of the following?

collectivist culture

In terms of dimensions of culture, a group member who will cancel personal plans to attend a group meeting is likely from which of the following?

collectivist culture

A friendship is a voluntary relationship that provides social support and is comprised of five types. Which of the following is NOT one of these types?

commitment vs. no commitment

A group that has a specific task and is part of a larger organizational structure is known as which of the following?

committee

What does it mean to respond impersonally?

communicating based on limited knowledge

The ability to choose a communication behavior that is both appropriate and effective for a given situation is called:

communication competence

INTRApersonal communication

communication with oneself

When two people are involved in a long-term relationship they develop their own relational conflict style. When partners in a conflict use different but mutually reinforcing behaviors their conflict style is:

complementary

There are many different type of questions communicators may ask or be asked. The type of question which requires much explanation and detail in the answer and probably time to think and reflect is a:

complex question

When we listen in order to understand the speaker's message, we are engaging in which of the following?

comprehensive listening

A group member who attempts to resolve a conflict by finding a mutually agreeable or mutually acceptable solution is playing which of the following roles?

compromiser

David Kolb developed a group model that demonstrates several key difference in learning styles that can affect how group members work together. A preference for learning by participating and doing is which type of style?

concrete experience

A character who plays the role of a trusted friend to the character who is the focal point of the story's action is known as which of the following?

confidant

What is the second phase of group communication?

conflict

If a person to whom you are introduced professes pleasure at meeting you, but draws back when a hand of greeting is extended, this is which of the following negative communication techniques?

conflicting message

The trend toward increasing numbers of media outlets being owned by non-media corporations is known as which of the following?

congolmeration

A word or phrase that indicates a relationship between the ideas in the speech and helps connect them is known as which of the following?

connector

Analyzing literature is a learned skill and a process which can be mastered. Each of the following is an appropriate recommendation for practicing literary analysis EXCEPT:

construct a theme

The speeches in which both the affirmative and the negative establish their reasons for accepting or rejecting the resolution at issue are known as which of the following?

constructive speeches

If you are evaluating the attempt of a student to shape what he is going to say you would be evaluating his:

controlling purpose

A feature of recent media environments where texts cross multiple media platforms and audiences travel between them with ease is:

convergence

The merging of media content into different media, such as a newspaper also putting its articles online, is known as which of the following?

convergence

The degree to which families favor an open climate of discussion of a wide array of topics is known as which of the following?

conversation orientation

The criterion for assessing communication competence that involves behavioral and cognitive activity is which of the following?

conversational involvement

What is an example of family communication?

conversations during a holiday meal at home

A case presented by the negative to respond to the affirmative case is known as which of the following?

counter-plan

An improvisational, non-exhibitional, process-oriented form of drama, where participants are guided by a leader to imagine, enact, and reflect on experiences real and imagined is called:

creative dramatics

Nonverbal speech behavior affects an audience's perception of the speaker's:

credibility

ethos

credibility

Which of the following assessments types ranks a learner's standing compared to other learners?

criterion-referenced

People in which media literacy continuum stage exhibit strongly held opinions about who are the best writers, the best producers, the best news reporters, and so forth?

critical appreciation stage

Analyzing and weighing what has been said is part of:

critical thinking

In which of the following speech and debate competitive events is the same topic debated all year?

cross-examination

A theory which says that TV is culture's primary storyteller, and that people get their reality primary from what they view on television, is known as which of the following?

cultivation theory

Those persons who value diversity and respect individual differences regardless of one's race, religious beliefs, or ethnic background are displaying which of the following?

cultural competence

Which of the following can MOST likely affect perception for a receiver in communication?

culture

The increasing effect of media exposure over time is known as which of the following?

cummulation

When students in competition deliver a speech that has been delivered by someone else, this is which category of speech events?

declamation

In terms of communication, when the receiver takes the message and interprets its meaning it is known as which of the following?

decoding

When audience members do not think about their media exposures and do not make active decisions as they negotiate their resources of time and money this is known as which of the following?

default strategy

Styles of leadership are associated with different communication climates. Which style of leadership is it where leaders provides broad direction but handover responsibility for determining how tasks and goals are to be accomplished?

delegating style

Which style of leadership is it where leaders provides broad direction but handover responsibility for determining how tasks and goals are to be accomplished?

delegating style

The process by which media outlets look for narrower and narrower audiences rather than focusing on a broad, general audience is known as which of the following?

demassification

There are many things that get in the way of listening and communicators should be aware of these barriers, many of which are bad habits, in order to become a more effective listener. Barriers and bad habits to effective listening can include all but which of the following?

demonstrating cultural diversity

When, for example, repeated exposure to acts of aggression leads us to reduce our sympathy for victims of aggression this is known as:

desenitization

The fact that a reader of literature can know that certain characters are doomed to fail, whatever they do, is:

determinism

The term which involves a plot device dating back to ancient Greek drama, when a conflict was resolved through a means that seems unrelated to the story is known as which of the following?

deus ex machina

A group member who consistently violates group norms is known as which of the following?

deviant

Group norms are informal, implicit standards of behavior and procedures by which members operate. A group member who consistently violates group norms is known as which of the following?

deviant

Whether a character uses dry, clinical language or flowery prose with lots of exclamation points can tell you a lot about his or her attitude and personality. This is called:

diction

A work designed to impart information, advice, or some doctrine of morality or philosophy is:

didactic

When one group member reacts or responds directly to another's message, he or she has delivered which of the following?

direct acknolowedgement

A speech in which the points fade step by step into a dramatic final statement is said to employ which of the following?

dissolve ending

In terms of Congressional Debate/Student Congress debate competition, the complete packet of legislation (as titles or full text) distributed by a tournament is the:

docket

All of the following are body language guidelines to be aware of when giving a speech EXCEPT:

don't make eye contact - look in a general direction

Irony is the contrast between what is expected or what appears to be and what actually is. Which of the following types of irony is indicated when the audience knows more than the characters know?

dramatic irony

Which of the following types of irony is indicated when the audience knows more than the characters know?

dramatic irony

The idea that communication is a dynamic interaction that consists of a source and an encoder is the basis of which of the following theories?

dyadic interpersonal communication model

What is the MOST important goal of wit in conversation?

easing tensions

The people and organizations that present information electronically, such as via radio or online, are known as which of the following?

electronic media

A thumbs up gesture indicating approval is considered which of the following?

emblem - nonverbal sign

pathos

emotional appeal

Understanding the speaker's perspective and personal frame of reference and giving feedback that conveys that understanding to the speaker is:

empathetic listening

The ability to demonstrate understanding and share emotional reactions to a situation is known as:

empathy

When you attempt to experience another person's point of view without losing your own identity this is known as which of the following?

empathy

Which of the following actions is most likely to increase cohesiveness in a group?

encourage openness and freedom of expression

A group member who tries to spur the group to action is taking on which of the following roles?

energizer

When a group of performers work together as a unit, they are known as which of the following?

ensemble

Which of these is a MAIN purpose of public communication?

entertainment

Assessments of speech performance need to be practically feasible. There are a number of restraining factors that affect whether any certain assessment can be realistically used. Which of the following is NOT one of these factors?

enthusiasm of the teacher

The first step for a group leader to take to resolve an interest-based conflict is which of the following?

establish credibility

Each of the following is a means of indirect characterization by an author of a fictional work EXCEPT:

evaluating the character for the reader

The raw material of argumentation which consists of facts, opinions, and objects that are used to generate proof is which of the following?

evidence

What is hubris?

excessive pride or self-confidence

Transactional leadership is characterized by which of the following?

exchange of resources between the leader and followers as a way to influence member behavior

Along the media literacy continuum, there are eight levels or stages. Which of the following would be considered one of the three advanced stages?

experiential exploring stage

Crafting an original speech, which should describe, clarify, illustrate, or define an object, idea, concept, or process is which type of speech competition?

expository

The speech and debate competitive event which requires the speaker to have at least 3 but not more than 8 visual aids to supplement the speech is:

expository

Noise is any stimulus that interferes with shared meaning. There are three types of noise. They are:

external, internal, semantic

There are three types of noise. They are:

external, internal, semantic

What would be the best orientation of a speaker's body in relation to the audience when using visual aids as part of the presentation?

facing toward the audience

A proposition that is either true or false is known as which of the following?

factual proposition

An argument that fails to meet any one of the standards of acceptability, relevance, and sufficiency is called a(n):

fallacy

Any error in reasoning is known as which of the following?

fallacy

If one believes that a competent communicator should be able to handle any situation with complete confidence and skill this is the:

fallacy of perfection

When a speaker reduces the choices in a situation to only two, or presents the situation as "either-or," it is known as which of the following?

false dilemma fallacy

Which of the following would not be considered a purpose of assessment?

family input

The transmission of a printed message over telephone line is known as which of the following?

fax

Any factor within the listener or audience that impedes a message's reception is known as which of the following?

filter

Unconscious exclusion of extraneous stimuli in communication is known as which of the following?

filteration

The idea of primacy in communication is best described as which of the following?

first impression being most important with subsequent data discounted

In Lincoln-Douglas debate, the speech in which the negative speaker presents the negative case and refutes the affirmative speaker's first speech is known as which of the following?

first negative constructive

The process of writing down arguments during a debate is known as which of the following?

flowing

Brainstorming is a method of shared problem solving in which all members of a team spontaneously contribute ideas. Which of the following guidelines for brainstorming is least appropriate?

follow a strictly organized pattern

What is a Policy Debate

form of debate competition in which teams of two advocate for and against a resolution that typically calls for policy change by the United States federal government

Functions that are specifically assigned to individuals in the group to help the group reach its goals are known as which of the following?

formal roles

The process by which media audiences are broken down into smaller and smaller segments with specific interests is known as which of the following?

fragmentation

The process by which a media outlet chooses an overall organizing theme to emphasize in its coverage is known as which of the following?

framing

In terms of conflict, when participants achieve the best possible outcome it is known as which of the following?

functional conflict

A group member who encourages quieter members to contribute and attempts to manage or limit the contributions of more talkative members has taken on which of the following roles?

gatekeeper

A person who controls the flow of information into the media is known as which of the following?

gatekeeper

The audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind is called:

goodwill

What is a symptom of group think?

group members think they cannot fail

Which of the following would NOT be a positive effect of using groups?

groupthink

Imagery that appeals to the sense of taste is known as which of the following?

gustatory imagery

The affirmative stock issue that seeks to prove that the problem with the status quo is bad or disadvantageous is known as which of the following?

harm

Words or phrases that attack specific groups of people, such as racial, ethnic, or sexual minorities, are known as which of the following?

hate speech

What is the difference between hearing and listening?

hearing is passive

Words or phrases such as "probably" or "maybe," which detract from the certainty of a statement, are known as which of the following?

hedges

Each of the following traits is appropriate to a literary critic EXCEPT:

high moral beliefs

Satan in Milton's Paradise Lost is an example of a character who is so prideful that it destroys him. This trait is called:

hubris

Which of the following would not be likely to support understanding in active listening?

identifying speaker's biases and prejudices

Eye contact, smiles, nods, and vocal animation are all examples of which of the following?

immediacy

Social media is now an important part of interpersonal communication. There are several traits of social media technology. They include all but which of the following?

immobility

Which of the following behaviors is more likely to be associated with a male communication style rather than a female communication style?

impatience with venting

When a person is asked to speak on the spur of the moment, without advance notice, this type of speaking is called:

impromptu

Which of the following elements of plot is the event or character that triggers the conflict?

inciting force

In terms of business interpersonal communication, companies should maximize the benefits of their communication activities. Which of the following actions would be least likely to improve communication?

increase the number of messages

How does recording oral performances affect assessments?

increases reliability

The fact that the influence of media on individuals will vary from one another is part of which of the following theories?

individual difference theory

A group member who asks for clarification or seeks additional facts and information is playing which of the following roles?

information seeker

The affirmative stock issue that seeks to prove that a problem exists is known as which of the following?

inherency

The credibility possessed by a speaker before he or she starts to speak is known as which of the following?

initial credibility

Preparing an audience for an opposing argument by answering it before listeners have been exposed to it is which of the following?

inoculation effect

At times a speaker may decide that it would be better for some reason to impose some special or more strongly audience-oriented pattern than the usual sequential, causal, or topical patterns. When a speaker retraces step by step the way in which he or she acquired the knowledge or arrived at the proposal which is being communicated to the audience this is considered which of the following orders?

inquiry order

What type of interpersonal communication goal does a person have when talking with a salesperson to purchase a car?

instrumental

Which of the following devices for managing conflict involves finding a solution that completely serves the interest of each party?

integrative problem solving

What is symbolic interaction?

interaction based on social objects

A first-person narration where the speaker is talking to him or herself is known as which of the following?

interior monologue

A short statement in the body of a speech which sums up the previous point or focuses the audience's attention on key ideas is known as which of the following?

internal summary

Speeches are organized into which three main parts?

intro, body, conclusion

In a group, the person who assesses a situation instantly and leaps to a conclusion would be a(n):

intuitive decision maker

In oral interpretation, the type of focus in which the speaker gazes contemplatively is:

inward-reflective focus

A literary device that involves using a word to mean its opposite is known as which of the following?

irony

Laissez-faire leadership?

is a type of leadership style in which leaders are hands-off and allow group members to make the decisions

Which of the following is least likely to be a characteristic of interpersonal communication?

it is reversible

The outstanding trait of 20th-century literary criticism is which of the following?

its recourse to scientific authority

Which of the following is the MOST effective way to deal with a communication barrier?

know your audience

Which three components does the Spitzberg & Cupach component model of communication competence include?

knowledge, skill, motivation

When one side of an issues is reported by the media as "expert" or "independent group" while the other side is called, for example, "liberal" or "conservative," this is bias by

label

The type of leadership style that does not provide guidance or direction is which of the following?

laissez-faire

A "telling detail" can best be described by which of the following?

language or a visual element that shows a great deal about a character, setting, or an event

Abdicratic

leadership style occurring in groups in which no one takes a leadership position

When the media conditions our behaviors to such a degree that we find it hard to change these behaviors, this is called:

learned helplessness

Readers Theater is an integrated approach for involving students in reading, writing, listening, and speaking activities. It has several advantages. Which of the following is least likely to be an advantage?

learning to work alone

An argument that the opponent's causal chain actually works in a direction opposite of the one claimed is a(n):

link turn

Which of the following assessment tasks would not be used for assessing speaking skills?

listening to text read by the teacher

A symbol is a setting, object, character, or event in a story that represents something significant to understanding the meaning of a work of literature. symbols can be either:

literal or figurative

logos

logic

learned helplessness

long-term behavioral effect where the media, especially television and Internet, have conditioned our behaviors to such a degree that we are helpless to change our behavior

Besides affecting individuals media can have an influence on larger units of society. This influence result in the:

macro-type effect

Psychologists believe that young children perceive television as the simple, unvarnished truth of what is happening in the real world. This is known by which of the following terms?

magic window

A theory of media that asserts that if consumers are simply hit with enough information, they will act, is known as which of the following?

magic-bullet effect

The major points a speaker will cover in a speech are known as which of the following?

main points

What type of role is a feeling expresser?

maintenence

In terms of effective delivery of a speech, which of the following would not be appropriate?

making eye contact with one person

autocratic leadership

making managerial decisions without consulting others

Public speaking that is characterized by reading a prepared speech word for word is described as what kind of speech?

manuscript

What is the difference between group mediated communication and mass communication?

mass communication is a mediated form of public communication

The people and organizations who provide information to a large audience are known as which of the following?

mass media

What is at the "heart" of communication?

meaning

All the people and organizations that provide information are known as which of the following?

media

Speakers may use communication channels in which there is something between the speaker and the receivers. What type of communication is this?

mediated

In an interest-based conflict, the leader acts essentially as a(n):

mediator

Communities and individuals are bombarded constantly with messages from a multitude of sources including TV, billboards, and magazines. Sociologists call this:

meditated culture

Rules for decision making that we have learned through exposure to media messages are:

mental codes

Referring to the judicial system as "The Bench" or the monarchy as "The Crown" is which of the following?

metonym

Media have the perspective that there is a casual relationship between media and audience. A variety of the theory of media effects where the influence is not powerful enough to entirely overturn audience reaction is which of the following?

minimal effects model

Which of the following is not considered a major component of speech production?

miscues - found in reading aloud processes instead

The literary element that uses words and descriptions to evoke the audience's feelings is known as which of the following?

mood

When a media outlet targets its programming at a particular segment of the audience, this is known as which of the following?

narrowcasting

The idea that media messages must take a step away from pure reality by adding fantasy elements to the message is:

next-step reality

Mass media programmers know that there is no mass audience. Therefore, they almost never attempt to sell a product, service, or media message to everyone. Instead, media programmers construct particular kinds of messages to appeal to particular kinds of people. This group is called a(n):

niche audience

A technique that alternates between individual work and group work to help a group hear from every member when discussing an issue is which of the following?

normal group technique

The unstated guidelines and expectations for behavior in a group are known as which of the following?

norms

Typically, the most important thing to analyze in critiquing a speech is which of the following?

objective

Which of the following would be the most crucial factor in analyzing and evaluating a speech?

objective

The motivated sequence order of a speech involves five steps. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

objectiveness

dramatic irony

occurs when the audience or reader know more than the characters know

The type of narrator in a piece of fiction who understands all of the action going on by seeing into each character's mind is which of the following types of narrator?

omniscient

How many topics does After Dinner Speaking (ADS) have?

one

When presenting an oral interpretation a student uses a string of syllables to represent the way a sound really sounds. This student is using:

onomatopoeia

A speaker or performer who looks at the other characters on the stage rather than the audience is using which of the following?

onstage focus

A speaker or performer who makes eye contact with the audience and speaks directly to them is using which of the following?

open focus

When forming a proposition for a debate, the definition of terms is sometimes needed so that both sides can agree on the proposition. The way to define terms that explains the function or special purpose represented by the terms in a specific context is:

operation

A group member who offers beliefs or opinions about the ideas that have been presented is playing which of the following roles?

opinion giver

Which role in group communication has the task of requesting information in a group conversation?

opinion seeker

What does the blocker do in a group communication situation?

opposes anything new

Communication sometimes involves irrational thinking. When a person bases a belief on a limited amount of evidence this is known as a fallacy of:

overgeneralization

When a person bases a belief on a limited amount of evidence this is known as a fallacy of:

overgeneralization

Within the context of a judging philosophy, an outline of the framework from which the judge will evaluate the round is the:

paradigm

Vocal inflection like word stress or pitch change is considered which of the following?

paralanguage

When an online media outlet, such as a newspaper website, restricts access to some of its content to only customers who pay, this is known as which of the following?

paywall

The phase in the life cycle pattern of development of a mass medium where the medium commands the most attention from the public is the:

peak stage

Which of the following assessment methods can improve classroom behavior and increase attention during oral presentations?

peer review

The phase of development in which a mass medium continues to attract larger numbers of audience members of all kinds is which of the following?

penetration

What are the four different type of general listening preferences?

people, action, content, and time oriented

Which of the following leadership styles involves being democratic, permissive, and participative?

people-centered

The processing, interpreting, selecting, and organizing of information in the communication process is known as:

perception

When people believe there is not enough time, money, affection and space to go around this can result in conflict and is known as:

perception of scarce resources

When we talk, we tend to erect barriers that hinder our ability to communicate. If you go into a situation thinking that the person you are talking to isn't going to understand or be interested in what you have to say, you are erecting which of the following barriers?

perceptual

When a person sees what he or she wants to see rather than what is there this is called:

perceptual accentuation

An unidentified speaker in any text, often assumed to be a disguised version of the writer, is known as which of the following?

persona

A person's plan for building knowledge structures about the media along with the psychic energy needed to execute the plan is known as which of the following?

personal locus

When a speaker's goal is to change or reinforce the audience's beliefs or opinions about a topic, it is known as which of the following?

persuasive speaking

Anything that impacts the receiver's alertness so that he or she cannot fully receive a message is known as which of the following?

physical filter

The fact that hearing a patriotic song might raise goose bumps on our skin is which type of media effect?

physiological-type

If a speaker says of another person, "Only someone who supports terrorism would argue against the need for more security measures" this is using which of the following fallacies?

poisoning the well

A work of literature that intends to stir up controversy is which of the following?

polemic

One of the debate topics for the National Forensic League was as follows: "Resolved: The United States federal government should substantially increase its transportation infrastructure investment in the United States." This type of debate would be which of the following?

policy debate

What method of feedback is PQP?

praise, question, perfect

The effect of previous speeches or other situational factors in predisposing an audience to respond positively or negatively to a speech is known as which of the following?

preliminary tuning effect

The time allotted during Lincoln-Douglas rounds for the speakers to prepare questions and responses is known as which of the following?

prep time

In the beginning of a speech about whales, a speaker started with a startling story about one of the oldest methods known for capturing whales -to scare them by getting close to them in boats and scaring them to shore so they can be captured. An evaluation after the speech indicated the speaker had succeeded in what opening effect?

primacy

The type of tension that often characterizes a group's early interactions, as members are getting to know each other is which of the following?

primary tension

There are typically tensions formed in most group experiences. The type of tension that often characterizes a group's early interactions, as members are getting to know each other is which of the following?

primary tension

Finding ways to meet the needs of conflicting parties and respecting their relationship is called:

principled negotiation

Those people and organizations which present information on paper, such as magazines and newspapers, are known as which of the following?

print media

The body of the speech can be organized around several stock patterns. Each area of the stock pattern then becomes one area of the body of the speech. Which of the following stock patterns is the one in which the speaker presents reasons in favor of some controversial idea; reasons against this idea; personal opinion on the topic by defending one of the two positions?

pro-con-opinion pattern

The speech competition event designed to test a student's ability to intersplice multiple types of literature into a single, cohesive performance is which of the following?

program oral interpretation

With media literacy, it is important to consider four exposure states. Which of the following is not one of these states?

programmed

Information or ideas deliberately spread to help or harm a person, organization, or institution is known as which of the following?

propaganda

In literature, the character upon which the story revolves is the:

protagonist

The branch of knowledge that deals with the amount of space that people feel it necessary to set between themselves and others is:

proxemics

If a group has 4 weeks to complete a task, the significant transition point likely occurred at the 2 week point. This is known as the:

punctuated equilibrium

Which of the following is not an example of a common speech delivery method?

question and answer session

The speed at which a speaker speaks is known as which of the following?

rate

A performance by a group of interpreters who seek to explore and embody a text is known as which of the following?

readers theater

The form of reasoning consisting of drawing a general conclusion about a given class of persons or objects after studying several members of that class is which of the following?

reasoning from random instances

The process of rebuilding a claim and demonstrating how it still stands even after one's opponent has attacked it is known as which of the following?

rebuttal

Which of the following listening techniques involves helping others see their concerns in a new light?

reframing

The process of attacking or overthrowing the arguments put forth by one's opponents is known as which of the following?

refutation

Nodding of the head to indicate you are listening or understanding something is which aspect of kinesics communication?

regulators

A theory of media which says that media only reinforces the audience's view of the world is known as which of the following?

reinforcement theory

Which of the following is a factor in the validity of an assessment?

representation of an adequate sample of ability

The term for what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech is which of the following?

residual message

Interpersonal communication is part of the interview process. The purpose of an interview and the nature of the participants determine the types of questions that should be asked. Which type of question invites the responder to expand on an answer?

restatement question

Listening is a process that involves many activities. Which of the following is the least likely to be one of these listening activities?

restating

Communication between two people will often involve conflict. As such, it is important that we don't let normal adjustment tendencies misdefine the real conflict. Preparation for conflict situations should include all but which of the following behaviors?

reviewing all the negative attitudes about conflict

When the leader of a group can give or take away items of value whether tangible or intangible, this type of power is:

reward power

The art of using spoken words to persuade an audience is called:

rhetoric

Which of the following is an alternative assessment that improves interpersonal communication?

role playing

The patterns of behavior that define each person's function within the group are known as which of the following?

roles

Teachers who evaluate work of the student by a specific set of criteria with descriptions of performance standards use which of the following tools?

rubrics

The explicitly stated principle for what group members can and cannot do is known as which of the following?

rules

What are axioms of communication?

rules that explain communication

When a speaker or performer focuses a scene described on an imaginary stage in front of him or her, this is known as which of the following?

scene setting

The written version of a play or other performance piece is known as which of the following?

script

A piece in which the narrator refers to the protagonist or other characters as "you" is told from which of the following?

second person point of view

Which of the following is the final speech in a round of Lincoln-Douglas debate?

second-affirmative rebuttal

Which of the following is a task role?

secretary

What protects a leader from troublesome ideas?

self-appointed mind guards

Some of the assessment in speech and communication classes is aimed at improving the quality of learning and teaching rather than formally measuring outcomes. Because of this there has been considerable growth in alternative assessment methods. One of these methods which can assist learners to become skilled judges of their own strengths and weaknesses is

self-assessment

What perceptual bias is happening when you do poorly on a test after telling yourself you will?

self-fulfilling prophecy

People who understand their own belief systems and the assumption that ground those beliefs are participating in which of the following?

self-relfection

A brief statement that indicates where the speaker is in the speech is known as which of the following?

signpost

Which of the following properties is most likely to be associated with nonverbal communication?

simultaneity

In The Gift of the Magi the wife cuts her long hair and sells it to have the money to buy her husband a pocket watch chain. He sells the watch to buy her a hair accessory. This is an example of which of the following?

situational irony

The Lincoln-Douglas debates were a series of seven debates between Stephen A. Douglas and Abraham Lincoln. The debates largely concerned which of the following issues?

slavery

Which of the following visual aids would be most helpful in a formal speech to an audience of several hundred people?

slides

A logical fallacy that assumes that once the first step has been taken, subsequent undesirable steps will be inevitable is known as which of the following?

slippery slope

What communication theory is based on costs and rewards?

social exchange theory

What theory suggests that personalities have layers?

social penetration theory

A theory of freedom of the press that says that with freedom comes responsibility to the greater social good is known as which of the following?

social responsibility

What feeling is the group interaction process designed to create?

solidarity

The affirmative stock issue that states what should be done to solve the problem is known as which of the following?

solvency

What is another word often used for "sender"?

source

The brain can process language faster than the rate at which a speaker can talk. This phenomenon is called:

spare "brain time"

If one is giving a talk about conditions in certain locales or about arrangement of objects, the best way to do this is with which type of order?

spatial order

A single phrase that clearly defines what the speaker hopes to accomplish with a speech is known as which of the following?

specific purpose

What is necessary for feedback to be effective?

student acceptance

What is the drawback to leading questions?

student dependence

An evaluation to make a placement or for advancement purposes tends to be

summative

Whenever a group is not talking about the business at hand, it is said to be engaged in fantasy. The basis of group fantasy is the idea that humans create shared meaning through their talk. This is known as:

symbolic convergence

What is it called when one partner's assertion is countered with a reflective response?

symmetrical exchanges

The procedure for stimulating creative thinking by using metaphors and looking for similarities in different things is which of the following?

synetics

There are many skills related to media literacy. The assembling of elements into a new structure when building and updating our knowledge structures is which of the following?

synthesis

A good leader should do all of the following EXCEPT:

take leadership for granted

Men and women bring different strengths and styles to the table. Oftentimes men and women use different processes for decision making and leadership. Which of the following is more likely to be a male characteristic rather than a female characteristic?

taking up more time and space at meetings

Intrapersonal communication includes all of the following factors EXCEPT:

talking aloud to others

Confirming communication refers to the positive types of messages that have the best chance of being perceived as confirming. Disconfirming communication dismisses the value of a person. There are seven types of disconfirming responses. When a person acknowledge the other person's communication, but the acknowledgement is used to steer the conversation in a new direction this is known as:

tangential response

When a person acknowledge the other person's communication, but the acknowledgement is used to steer the conversation in a new direction this is known as:

tangential response

The portion of the audience that a speaker most wants to persuade or reach is known as which of the following?

target audience

Which of the following is a type of role given to someone in group communication?

task

Group conflict resulting from disagreements over ideas, information, reasoning, or evidence is:

task conflict

The role in a group that encompasses behaviors that contribute directly to accomplishment of a group's task is which of the following?

task role

The materials chosen for curriculum need to match the needs of the learners and the _________.

teacher approach

A small group given the power to make and implement decisions is known as which of the following?

team

Extemporaneous speeches apply to words that are:

temporary

What is an example of mediated interpersonal communication?

texting

An important component of a persuasive speech is ethos, which is described as:

the character the speaker exhibited to the audience

Which of the following statements best explains "construct definition?"

the description of the nature of the abilities being assessed

INTERpersonal communication

the exchange of thoughts, feelings, and beliefs between two or more people

Creative drama is dramatic activities which have which of the following as a goal?

the experience of the participants

What is onomatopoeia?

the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named

In a poem, who is the speaker?

the narrator

What does poisoning the well mean?

the speaker tries to discredit what a person might later claim by presenting unfavorable information about the person. The intent is to bias the listeners against the speaker.

With media literacy, we need strong knowledge structures in five areas. Which of the following is not included in these five areas?

the virtual world

When choosing literature for oral interpretation, one must know what good literature actually is. For competition there are some competitive norms. Which of the following would NOT be an appropriate norm?

third person perspective is best

A group is essentially a system. Influences on the system that result from actual activities within the group as it goes about its business is:

throughput processes

Emotional moods affect voice quality and may have a profound effect upon emphasis and meaning in speech. This is known as which of the following?

timbre

There are four general listening preferences. Which of the following preference is indicated by a person who is focused on efficient discussion?

time-oriented listener

There are some problems that can affect the context of a communication. Talking to an employee about a strategic decision five minutes before they have to leave the office for the day would be a problem with:

timing

A test taker's knowledge of the world that can be mobilized in tests is known as which of the following?

topical knowledge

Your student has given an oral presentation in an order that presents ideas in a logical flow from one to the next. This is called:

topical order

Hamartia

tragic flaw which causes a character's downfall

A word or phrase that indicates that the speaker has finished with one thought or idea and is moving on to another is known as which of the following?

transition

Listeners who know nothing about the speaker's topic and have no opinion about it are known as which of the following?

uninformed audience

Oral history is the systematic collection and recording of individual memories as historical documentation. Which of the following is the least appropriate step in preparation for a good oral history interview?

use impromptu questions

Resonance can best be described as which of the following?

use of a breathy, nasally, raspy, or preacher-like voice

Which of the following is a characteristic or principle of critical thinking?

use of evidence

Which of the following barriers to effective communication involves using over-complicated and unfamiliar terms?

use of jargon

A theory of media that states that media has no influence over the audience at all is known as which of the following?

uses and gratification theory

Which of the following would be the least effective communication technique?

using "you" messages

Which of the following best describes the media literacy skill of deduction?

using general principles to explain particulars, typically with the use of syllogistic reasoning

The theory that repeated exposure to violent media will make the audience more fearful of violence is known as which of the following?

victim effect

What is social attraction?

wanting to spend time with someone

In public speaking there are several basic elements. Each of the following is one of them except for:

what purpose

Democratic leadership?

when group members are encouraged to share ideas and opinions, even though the leader retains the final say over decisions

The process by which ethnic and racial diversity are obscured or erased in the media is known as which of the following?

whitewashing

Organizations which collect and distribute news stories to other media outlets are known as which of the following?

wire services

Which of the following groups are the major users of media?

women

Group discussion often involves a member's use of a logical fallacy such as the faulty sign fallacy which is best described as which of the following?

wrongly assuming that one event or phenomenon is a reliable indicator or predictor of another event or phenomenon

What axiom means a behavior has no opposite?

you cannot not communicate

Which of the following would clearly be an obstructive intervention within interviewing techniques?

"why" questions

Knapp's Relational Development model for coming together includes five steps. Which of the following is the second step?

Experimenting

When a speaker researches, organizes, and rehearses a speech, and then delivers it using elements of both structure and spontaneity, it is known as which of the following?

Extemporaneous speaking.

What of the following is part of the big five that can influence self-concept?

Extroverted vs. introverted