Speech Midterm

extemporaneous speech

A carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes.

True

A hypothetical example is an example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation. T or F?

Topical order

A method of speech organization in which the main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics.

example

A(n) ____________Blank is a specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like.

interference

According to your textbook, ______Blank is anything that impedes the communication of a message.

extended

According to your textbook, a(n) ____________Blank example is a story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point.

egocentrism

According to your textbook, the tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being is called

the size of the audience

According to your textbook, which of the following is a factor in situational audience analysis?

True

As a general rule, the larger your audience is, the more formal your speech presentation should be. True or false?

Empathic

At a coffee shop on campus, Rachel listens to her friend Shanti discuss his feelings about his mother's recent death. According to your textbook, Rachel is engaged in ______Blank listening.

True

Because each person has a different frame of reference, the meaning of a message will never be exactly the same to a listener as to a speaker. T or F?

False

Because listeners recognize that public speakers are promoting their self-interest, it is acceptable for speakers to alter evidence. T or F?

True

Because people have different frames of reference, a public speaker must take care to adapt her or his message to the particular audience being addressed. T or F?

ethical

Because speechmaking is a form of power, it carries with it heavy ______Blank responsibilities.

knowledge of the topic

Dr. Kristin Lutz is preparing an informative talk about the genetic relationship between twins for a group of expectant parents. The most important factor Dr. Lutz should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its

Incremental

Even if your speech as a whole is ethical, you can still be guilty of ______Blank plagiarism if you fail to give credit for quotations, paraphrases, and other specific parts of the speech that are borrowed from other people.

True

Even though there can be gray areas when it comes to assessing a speaker's goals, it is still necessary to ask ethical questions about those goals. T or F?

True

Examples are especially useful for getting listeners involved in a speech. T or F?

Gabrielle is guilty of global plagiarism because she took a speech entirely from a single source and passed it off as her own.

Gabrielle, a physiology major, waited until the last minute to begin preparing her persuasive speech. When her friend Ken learned that she was panicking over the assignment, he gave her the outline of a speech he had delivered in class the previous semester. Gabrielle used the speech and presented it as her own. Which of the following is true?

False

Hearing and listening are identical. T or F?

a set of ethical standards or guidelines

In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against what?

True

It is normal - even desirable - to be nervous at the start of a speech. T or F?

False

It is only necessary for a speaker to identify his or her source when quoting verbatim—not when paraphrasing. T or F?

Critical

Ivan is attending a union meeting in which the union president is discussing the company's plan to decrease wages in exchange for an increase in vacation time. As Ivan listens, he is trying to determine whether or not to vote for the plan. According to your textbook, Ivan is engaged in ______Blank listening.

False

Listeners usually find generalizations more interesting and convincing than specific statements. T or F?

False

Listeners usually realize how tense a speaker is. T or F?

True

Listening and critical thinking are so closely allied that training in listening is also training in how to think. T or F?

Appreciative

Listening for pleasure or enjoyment is called ______Blank listening. T or F?

Critical

Listening to evaluate a message for the purpose of accepting or rejecting it is called ______ listening.

Comprehensive

Listening to understand the message of a speaker is called ______Blank listening.

False

Most successful speakers do not experience stage fright. T or F?

False

One key to successful speaking is determining which audiences are worthy of your best efforts to communicate your ideas. T or F?

True

People spend more time listening than doing any other communicative activity. T or F?

False

Protecting a speaker's freedom to express his or her ideas implies agreement with those ideas. T or F?

True

Public speaking and ordinary conversation are similar in that both involve adapting to listener feedback. T or F?

False

Skilled listeners try to remember a speaker's every word. T or F?

True

Speechmaking becomes more complex as cultural diversity increases. T or F?

patchwork

Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own is called ______Blank plagiarism.

False

Taking account of your listeners' racial, ethnic, or cultural background is an important factor in situational audience analysis. True or false?

central idea

The ____________Blank is a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the main points of a speech.

mode

The ____________Blank is the number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers.

gain a desired response from listeners.

The primary purpose of speechmaking is to

mean

The term for the statistical measure popularly known as the "average" is the ____________Blank.

statistics, examples, and testimony.

The three kinds of supporting materials discussed in your textbook are

comprehensive listening and critical listening

What are the two kinds of listening most closely tied to critical thinking?

All answers are correct

What does critical thinking include?

She displays an image of the courtyard at her grandmother's house.

What does the speaker do at the beginning of the courtyard speech to gain the audience's attention?

All answers are correct

When gauging your audience's disposition toward the speech topic, you should take into account their

gaining attention and relating to the audience.

When the speaker mentions fear, monsters, and the unknown at the start of her speech, she is

persuade

When you want to change or structure the attitudes of your audience, your general purpose is to ____________Blank.

inform

When your general purpose is to ____________Blank, you act as a teacher or lecturer.

Ethics

______Blank is the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs.

False

Because the brain can process many more words per minute than we talk, the resulting spare "brain time" makes listening easier. T or F?

False

The central idea of a speech is usually formulated before the specific purpose. T or F?

False

The larger an audience becomes, the greater is the speaker's ethical responsibility to be fully prepared. T or F?

Sojourner Truth was born into slavery, underwent a conversion experience, and became a speaker for various reform causes.

What is the central idea of a speech with the following main points? I. Isabel Baumfree was born into slavery in the state of New York during the 1790s. II. After undergoing a conversion experience and changing her name to Sojourner Truth, she began preaching during the 1840s. III. Over the next few decades, she became a celebrated speaker for various reform causes.

Take listening seriously

What is the first step toward improving your listening skills?

650

What is the median in the following set of numbers: 500, 600, 650, 700, 750?

Show respect for the cultures of the people they address

What should public speakers do to avoid ethnocentrism?

paraphrases

When a speaker ______Blank, she restates or summarizes an author's ideas in her own words.

False

Your textbook recommends taking word-for-word notes as a way to improve your listening skills. T or F?

True

When business managers are asked to rank-order the communication skills most crucial to their jobs, they usually rank listening as number one. T or F?

All answers are correct

Which of the following is likely to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches?

attitude toward the topic

Mayor Kathleen Baldwin has been asked to address the Wakefield Community Association about the issue of constructing a swimming pool in the neighborhood. The most important factor Baldwin should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its

True

Public speaking has been taught and studied for thousands of years. T or F?

True

Avoiding ethnocentrism is important for listeners as well as for speakers. T or F?

True

The central idea for a speech should be stated as a full sentence. T or F?

fixed-alternative

"Do you think gun control is a workable solution to the problem of violence in U.S. schools?" is an example of a(n) ____________ question.

brief

A(n) ____________Blank example is a specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point.

scale

Questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers are called ____________Blank questions.

feedback

The messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker are called_____.

Brainstorming

____________Blank is a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas.

specific purpose statement

"To persuade my audience that the U.S. space program provides many important benefits to people here on earth" is an example of a(n)

at every step of speech preparation and presentation.

Audience-centeredness involves keeping your audience foremost in mind

It's too vague

Identify the flaw in the following central idea for a speech: "Something should be done about rising sea levels."

importance of family in the speaker's life.

The first main part of the courtyard speech deals with the

False

To improve your listening, you should think of listening as a passive process. T or F?

All answers are correct

Which of the following violates the speaker's ethical obligation to be honest in what she or he says?

Ethnocentrism

______Blank is the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.

Name-calling

______Blank is the use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups.

Active

______Blank listeners give their undivided attention to the speaker in a genuine effort to understand her or his point of view.

Work especially hard on your speech introduction.

Which recommendation is a way to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches?

filtering the message through his frame of reference

While listening to a speech about gun control, Scott thought back to his experiences as an intern with the police department and decided that the speaker was knowledgeable about the subject. What was Scott doing?

False

You should usually avoid using detailed examples because they will bore your audience. T or F?

Stage fright

_____ is anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience.

Positive Nervousness

_____ is controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for his or her presentation.

Visualization

______ is mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation.

Empathic

______Blank listening is listening to provide emotional support for a speaker.

False

Adapting your message to the needs of a particular audience means that you must inevitably compromise your beliefs. True or false?

False

Although the specific purpose statement for a speech should not be phrased as a question, it is acceptable to phrase the central idea as a question. T or F?

fixed-alternative

"Do you think gun control is a workable solution to the problem of violence in U.S. schools?" is an example of a(n) ____________Blank question.

False

The main purpose of using statistics in a speech is to make the speech more vivid. T or F?

It contains two unrelated ideas

Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "To persuade my audience that our state legislature should protect Internet privacy and increase spending for education."

It's expressed as a question

Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "Why should the university raise tuition?"

plagairism

If you present another person's language or ideas as your own, you are guilty of ______Blank.

specific purpose statement

The ____________Blank is a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in her or his speech.

residual message

The ____________Blank is what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech.

True

The impact of an extended example often depends as much on the speaker's delivery as on the content of the example. T or F?

frame of reference

The knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message make up the listener's ______Blank.

in seizing new opportunities.

The main points of this speech deal with Bella's fearlessness as an athlete, her fearlessness in traveling, and her fearlessness