SPM Chapter 8 and 9
____ is best known for developing a hierarchy of needs. a. Frederick Herzberg c. Abraham Maslow b. David McClelland d. Douglas McGregor
Abraham Maslow
____ means the project's processes and products meet written specifications. a. Conformance to requirements c. Quality conformance b. Fitness for use d. Documentation matching
Conformance to requirements
Design of experiments cannot be applied to project management issues such as cost and schedule trade-offs.
False
Extrinsic motivation causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment.
False
Hiring managers say interpersonal skills are the least important soft skill for information technology workers.
False
In TQC, product quality is less important than production rates, and workers are not allowed to stop production whenever a quality problem occurs.
False
The term sigma means median.
False
To obtain valid statistics, it is important to study every member of a population.
False
When an information system does not function correctly, it is generally a slight inconvenience.
False
____ is best known for distinguishing between motivational factors and hygiene factors when considering motivation in work settings. a. Frederick Herzberg c. Abraham Maslow b. David McClelland d. Douglas McGregor
Frederick Herzberg
____ found that people were motivated to work mostly by feelings of personal achievement and recognition. a. Maslow c. McClelland b. McGregor d. Herzberg
Herzberg
____ correct(s) or prevent(s) further quality problems based on quality control measurements. a. Process adjustments c. Acceptance decisions b. Rework d. Auditing
Process adjustments
____ is at the top of Maslow's structure. a. Esteem c. Physiological b. Self-actualization d. Social
Self-actualization
Most people simply accept poor quality from many information technology products.
True
Resource leveling results in fewer problems for project personnel and accounting departments.
True
Schedules tend to focus primarily on time rather than on both time and resources.
True
Abraham Maslow, a highly respected psychologist, rejected the dehumanizing negativism of psychology in the ____. a. 1940s c. 1960s b. 1950s d. 1970s
1950s
____ generates ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization. a. Design of experiments c. Testing b. Quality auditing d. Benchmarking
Benchmarking
____ proposed that an individual's specific needs are acquired or learned over time and shaped by life experiences. a. Frederick Herzberg c. Abraham Maslow b. David McClelland d. Douglas McGregor
David McClelland
____ involves identifying and documenting project roles, responsibilities, and reporting relationships. a. Developing the human resource plan c. Acquiring the project team b. Developing the project team d. Managing the project team
Developing the human resource plan
____ involves building individual and group skills to enhance project performance. a. Developing the human resource plan c. Acquiring the project team b. Developing the project team d. Managing the project team
Developing the project team
A RAM should only be used to assign detailed work activities.
False
A responsibility assignment matrix (RAM) is a matrix that maps the work of the project as described in the OBS to the people responsible for performing the work as described in the WBS.
False
According to Herzberg, hygiene factors such as larger salaries, more supervision, or a more attractive work environment would motivate workers to do more if present.
False
Continuous quality improvement is not a goal of quality assurance.
False
Control charts are one tool used in the analyze phase of the DMAIC process.
False
Integration testing replaces the other forms of testing with a single comprehensive test.
False
Legitimate power involves using personal knowledge and expertise to get people to change their behavior.
False
Maslow suggests that each level of the hierarchy of needs is not necessarily a prerequisite for the levels above.
False
Most information technology products can reach 100 percent reliability.
False
Only in-house auditors can perform quality audits.
False
Organizational policies related to quality, the particular project's scope statement and product descriptions, and related standards and regulations are all important input to the quality assurance process.
False
Project managers do not need to continually assess their team's performance.
False
____ are the system's special characteristics that appeal to users. a. Features c. Properties b. System outputs d. Functions
Features
____ is the degree to which a system performs its intended function. a. Reliability c. Maintainability b. Performance d. Functionality
Functionality
____ involves tracking team member performance, motivating team members, providing timely feedback, resolving issues and conflicts, and coordinating changes to help enhance project performance. a. Developing the human resource plan c. Acquiring the project team b. Developing the project team d. Managing the project team
Managing the project team
____ includes identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and how to satisfy those standards. a. Performing quality assurance c. Checking quality b. Performing quality control d. Planning quality
Planning quality
____ is the ability of a product or service to perform as expected under normal conditions. a. Reliability c. Maintainability b. Performance d. Functionality
Reliability
The ____ presents subjects with a series of ambiguous pictures and asks them to develop a spontaneous story for each picture, assuming they will project their own needs into the story. a. RAM c. TAT b. MBTI d. RACI
TAT
A staffing management plan describes when and how people will be added to and taken off the project team.
True
As the job market changes, people should upgrade their skills to remain marketable and flexible.
True
If a certain resource is overallocated, the project manager can change the schedule to remove resource overallocation.
True
If companies plan their projects well, they can avoid the need for overtime, or they can make it clear that overtime is optional.
True
If products are accepted, they are considered to be validated deliverables.
True
It is important to clarify what functions and features the system must perform, and what functions and features are optional.
True
The first dimension of psychological type in the MBTI signifies whether people draw their energy from other people (extroverts) or from inside themselves (introverts).
True
The majority of people in the United States use the Internet.
True
Understanding which variables affect outcome is a very important part of quality planning.
True
Using Six Sigma principles is an organization-wide commitment.
True
People who need personal ____ want to direct others and can be seen as bossy. a. affiliation c. power b. advancement d. achievement
achievement
People with a high need for ____ seek to excel and tend to avoid both low-risk and high-risk situations to improve their chances for achieving something worthwhile. a. affiliation c. power b. money d. achievement
achievement
A ____ is a graphic display of data that illustrates the results of a process over time. a. statistical sampling chart c. Six Sigma chart b. Pareto chart d. control chart
control chart
The ____ ultimately decides if quality is acceptable. a. project team c. project manager b. CEO d. customer
customer
The bottom four needs in Maslow's structure are referred to as ____ needs. a. self-actualization c. safety b. deficiency d. growth
deficiency
At the bottom of Maslow's structure are ____ needs. a. esteem c. physiological b. self-actualization d. social
physiological
The ____ process is often associated with the technical tools and techniques of quality management, such as Pareto charts, quality control charts, and statistical sampling. a. quality planning c. quality assurance b. quality certification d. quality control
quality control
Project quality management involves ____ main processes. a. two c. four b. three d. five
three
____determine(s) if the products or services produced as part of the project will be accepted or rejected. a. Process adjustments c. Acceptance decisions b. Rework d. Auditing
Acceptance decisions
____ involves getting the needed personnel assigned to and working on the project. a. Developing the human resource plan c. Acquiring the project team b. Developing the project team d. Managing the project team
Acquiring the project team
All of the Six Sigma principles are brand new.
False
Assignment, budget, promotion, money, and penalty influence bases are automatically available to project managers as part of their position.
False
DeMarco and Lister found direct correlations between productivity and programming language, years of experience, and salary.
False
In a Pareto chart, the variables described by the histogram are ordered chronologically.
False
People who believe in Theory Y assume that workers dislike and avoid work if possible, so managers must use coercion, threats, and various control schemes to get workers to make adequate efforts to meet objectives.
False
Project managers should limit the size of work teams to eight to ten members.
False
Quality is a lower priority than project scope, time, and cost.
False
Smaller information technology projects usually have deputy project managers or subproject managers.
False
Team-building skills are often not a challenge for many project managers.
False
The global job market for information technology workers is contracting.
False
The quality planning process involves taking responsibility for quality throughout the project's life cycle.
False
When resources are used on a more constant basis, they require more management.
False
____ addresses the ease of performing maintenance on a product. a. Reliability c. Maintainability b. Performance d. Functionality
Maintainability
____ addresses how well a product or service performs the customer's intended use. a. Reliability c. Maintainability b. Performance d. Functionality
Performance
____ involves periodically evaluating overall project performance to ensure that the project will satisfy the relevant quality standards. a. Performing quality assurance c. Checking quality b. Performing quality control d. Planning quality
Performing quality assurance
____ involves monitoring specific project results to ensure that they comply with the relevant quality standards while identifying ways to improve overall quality. a. Performing quality assurance c. Checking quality b. Performing quality control d. Planning quality
Performing quality control
____ is action taken to bring rejected items into compliance with product requirements or specifications or other stakeholder expectations. a. A process adjustment c. An acceptance decision b. Rework d. Auditing
Rework
Expectations can vary based on an organization's culture or geographic region.
True
ISO 9000 provides minimum requirements needed for an organization to meet its quality certification standards.
True
Many highly qualified information technology workers lost their jobs in the past few years.
True
Many quality experts believe the main cause of quality problems is the lack of leadership.
True
Maslow's hierarchy of needs states that people's behaviors are guided or motivated by a sequence of needs.
True
Minimizing defects does not matter if an organization is making a product that no one wants to buy.
True
Modern quality management requires customer satisfaction, prefers prevention to inspection, and recognizes management responsibility for quality.
True
Most project managers agree that managing human resources effectively is one of the toughest challenges they face.
True
One innovative approach to hiring and retaining information technology staff is to offer existing employees incentives for helping recruit and retain personnel.
True
People who need institutional power or social power want to organize others to further the goals of the organization.
True
Project managers are ultimately responsible for quality management on their projects.
True
Project managers often do not have control over project staff who report to them.
True
Project managers often recommend that people take specific training courses to improve individual and team development.
True
Quality planning implies the ability to anticipate situations and prepare actions that bring about the desired outcome.
True
Testing needs to be done during almost every phase of the systems development life cycle.
True
Thamhain and Wilemon found that when project managers used work challenge and expertise to influence people, projects were more likely to succeed.
True
Key outputs of ____ process are project staff assignments, resource calendars, and project management plan updates. a. managing the project team c. developing the project team b. acquiring the project team d. developing the human resource plan
acquiring the project team
People with a high need for ____ desire harmonious relationships with other people and need to feel accepted by others. a. affiliation c. power b. money d. achievement
affiliation
The main outputs of ____ process are team performance assessments and enterprise environmental factors update. a. managing the project team c. developing the project team b. acquiring the project team d. human resource planning
developing the project team
It took only ____ years for 50 million people to use the Internet compared to 25 years for 50 million people to use telephones. a. three c. seven b. five d. nine
five
Human resource management includes ____ processes. a. three c. five b. four d. six
four
The highest level of needs in Maslow's structure is referred to as a ____ need. a. deficiency c. safety b. growth d. physiological
growth
The main outputs of ____ are a quality management plan, quality metrics, quality checklists, a process improvement plan, and project document updates. a. quality control c. quality assurance b. quality planning d. quality certification
quality planning
The ____ states that if seven data points in a row are all below the mean, above the mean, or are all increasing or decreasing, then the process needs to be examined for non-random problems. a. ten run rule c. seven run rule b. six 9s of quality rule d. Six Sigma rule
seven run rule
