Sports Med Chapter 15
pulmonary artery
an artery leaving the right ventricle that brings blood with low oxygen levels and high carbon dioxide levels to the lungs for gas exchange
veins
blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart from all organs and cells in the body
ventricles
the lower chambers of the heart
occlusive dressing
a petroleum-based dressing with a thin, plastic film designed to keep out air and moisture from a wound
shock
a serious condition of the body that is the precursor to death
gauze dressing
a woven, flexible, absorbent cloth applied to a wound
coronary arteries
arteries that bring nutrients and oxygen to the muscle tissues of the heart
arteries
blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to all organs and cells in the body
standard precautions
infection control guidelines designed to protect workers from exposure to disease, spread by contact with blood or other bodily fluids
pulse pressure
the difference between the diastolic and systolic pressures in the heart
systolic
the high number in a blood pressure reading, representing the pressure that is created by the contraction of the left ventricle
aorta
the largest artery in the body; it receives blood from the left ventricle of the heart
diastolic
the lower number in a blood pressure reading, representing the pressure that is maintained by the recoil of elastic artery walls after they are expanded by the contraction of the left ventricle
septum
the muscular wall that separates the atria and the ventricles
cardiac conduction system
the nervelike cells within the heart muscle that coordinate the contractions of the heart so that the atria contract first, followed by the ventricles
target heart rate
the percentage of the maximum heart rate that is safe to reach during exercise; it is typically 50% to 75% of maximum
pulse
the rhythmical beating of the heart
arterioles
the smallest arteries
capillaries
the smallest blood vessels with walls; so thin that exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs easily
venules
the smallest veins
cardiorespiratory system
the structures of the body involved in gas exchange and gas transport; it includes structures of the circulatory system and the respiratory system
atria
the upper chambers of the heart
plasma
the yellowish liquid of the blood
platelets
tiny cell fragments in blood that aid in clotting