Sports medicine semester 1 final
emphysema and chronic bronchitis
COPD is a long term lung disease that encompasses both :
AROM
Joint motion performed voluntarily by the individual through muscular contraction
magnitude of forces and tissues material properties
What two factors determine whether an injury occurs when a force is sustained by tissues in the human body?
Tensile
When a bone fractures it most typically fractures on the side receiving a ____ force
Tensile
While stretching for an overthrown ball a first baseman strained an adductor muscle. What type of force would have produced this injury?
respiratory arrest
____ is a condition in which breathing has stopped
myotome
a group of muscles primarily innervated by a single nerve root
muscle spasm
a reflex action initiated by some kind of trauma
two person seat carry
a technique for moving an injured person that is considered to be a non emergency move
extensibility
ability of a muscle to stretch
consciousness
after checking the scene and determining that its safe, whats the first thing you should check for with the victim?
microtrauma
an injury to a small number of cells because of the accumulation effects of repetitive forces
vasoconstriction
beginning of the acute inflammatory phase
open packed position
best position to perform a ligament test on a joint
contusion
better known as a bruise
osteoblasts
bone cells that form new bone tissue
myocardial infarction
can occur if blood supply to an area of the heart is stopped or interrupted
stroke
can occur if the blood supply to an area of the brain is interrupted or reduced
fibrous, inelastic and nonvascular
characteristics of scar tissue
shock
circulatory system fails to deliver enough oxygen rich blood to the body tissues and vital organs
compression
common mechanism of injury for a muscle contusion
effusion
escape of fluid from blood vessels into the surrounding tissue or joint cavity
proliferation phase
fibroblast production of type 1 and 2 collagen
10 seconds
how long should you be checking for breathing while doing the ABC's
no more than 10 seconds
how long should you check for someones pulse
faster and shallower
hyperventilation occurs when a persons breathing is:
reposition the victims airway and reattempt 2 rescue breaths
if your first two breaths do not go in for an unconscious victim, what do you do next?
asthma
inflammation of the air passages that results in a temporary narrowing of the airways that carry oxygen to the lungs
Tensile force
ligamentous injuries are usually caused by a
hematoma
localized mass of blood and lymph confined within a space or tissue
anisotropic
means a structure is stronger at resisting force from a certain directions compared to others
tensile force
mechanism of injury: ankle inversion sprain
compressive force
mechanism of injury: contusion
tensile force
mechanism of injury: deltoid strain
tensile force
mechanism of injury: quadriceps strain
shear/ torsion force
mechanism of injury: spiral tibial fracture
smoking
most common cause for COPD
deciding to act
most important action when in an emergency situation
cardiac arrest
occurs when the heart stops beating or beats too ineffectively to circulate blood to the brain and other vital organs
strain
overstitching and possible tearing go a muscle or TENDON
sprain
overstretching and possible tearing of a LIGAMENT
Stage 2 tendinitis
pain during activity and does not restrict performance
history
part of HOPS that is subjective
paresis
partial paralysis
phagocytosis
process by which white blood cells surround and digest foreign particles such as bacteria, necrotic tissue, and foreign particles
dermatome
region of skin that is supplied by cutaneous branches of a single spinal nerve
acute
resulting from a macrotrauma
symptom
subjective information provided by an individual regarding their perception of the problem
ecchymosis
superficial issue discoloration
edema
swelling from a collection of exuded lymph fluid in interstitial tissues
Stress
the distribution of force over a given area is called
Tension, compression and shear
the fiber arrangement of the dermis enables the tissue to resist loads from
Somatic
type of pain that arises from muscle, bone, ligaments etc
break tests
type of resisted ROM test that can help to identify painful ARCS of motion
Airway, breathing, circulation
what does the ABC's stand for
encourage them to keep coughing
what should you do if someone is choking on an item and coughing ?
Acceleration and Deformation
what two potential effects occur when a force acts on an object?
upper right and lower left
whats the correct pad placement when using an AED on an adult
macrotrauma
when a single force produces an acute injury
atherosclerosis
when arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle harden and narrow
1.5 to 2 inches
when giving cpr, the chest should be compressed down about how far
AROM, PROM, RROM
when testing an athletes ROM, what is the order it should be done in?
8 to 10 minutes
when the heart stops, brain death will occur in
second degree
which degree is a strain/sprain that produced moderate discomfort, tenderness, swelling, ecchymosis, detectable joint instability, and or muscle weakness
call 911
you check the scene and the victim for conciseness but they do not respond. what do you do next?
