Sports medicine semester 1 final

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emphysema and chronic bronchitis

COPD is a long term lung disease that encompasses both :

AROM

Joint motion performed voluntarily by the individual through muscular contraction

magnitude of forces and tissues material properties

What two factors determine whether an injury occurs when a force is sustained by tissues in the human body?

Tensile

When a bone fractures it most typically fractures on the side receiving a ____ force

Tensile

While stretching for an overthrown ball a first baseman strained an adductor muscle. What type of force would have produced this injury?

respiratory arrest

____ is a condition in which breathing has stopped

myotome

a group of muscles primarily innervated by a single nerve root

muscle spasm

a reflex action initiated by some kind of trauma

two person seat carry

a technique for moving an injured person that is considered to be a non emergency move

extensibility

ability of a muscle to stretch

consciousness

after checking the scene and determining that its safe, whats the first thing you should check for with the victim?

microtrauma

an injury to a small number of cells because of the accumulation effects of repetitive forces

vasoconstriction

beginning of the acute inflammatory phase

open packed position

best position to perform a ligament test on a joint

contusion

better known as a bruise

osteoblasts

bone cells that form new bone tissue

myocardial infarction

can occur if blood supply to an area of the heart is stopped or interrupted

stroke

can occur if the blood supply to an area of the brain is interrupted or reduced

fibrous, inelastic and nonvascular

characteristics of scar tissue

shock

circulatory system fails to deliver enough oxygen rich blood to the body tissues and vital organs

compression

common mechanism of injury for a muscle contusion

effusion

escape of fluid from blood vessels into the surrounding tissue or joint cavity

proliferation phase

fibroblast production of type 1 and 2 collagen

10 seconds

how long should you be checking for breathing while doing the ABC's

no more than 10 seconds

how long should you check for someones pulse

faster and shallower

hyperventilation occurs when a persons breathing is:

reposition the victims airway and reattempt 2 rescue breaths

if your first two breaths do not go in for an unconscious victim, what do you do next?

asthma

inflammation of the air passages that results in a temporary narrowing of the airways that carry oxygen to the lungs

Tensile force

ligamentous injuries are usually caused by a

hematoma

localized mass of blood and lymph confined within a space or tissue

anisotropic

means a structure is stronger at resisting force from a certain directions compared to others

tensile force

mechanism of injury: ankle inversion sprain

compressive force

mechanism of injury: contusion

tensile force

mechanism of injury: deltoid strain

tensile force

mechanism of injury: quadriceps strain

shear/ torsion force

mechanism of injury: spiral tibial fracture

smoking

most common cause for COPD

deciding to act

most important action when in an emergency situation

cardiac arrest

occurs when the heart stops beating or beats too ineffectively to circulate blood to the brain and other vital organs

strain

overstitching and possible tearing go a muscle or TENDON

sprain

overstretching and possible tearing of a LIGAMENT

Stage 2 tendinitis

pain during activity and does not restrict performance

history

part of HOPS that is subjective

paresis

partial paralysis

phagocytosis

process by which white blood cells surround and digest foreign particles such as bacteria, necrotic tissue, and foreign particles

dermatome

region of skin that is supplied by cutaneous branches of a single spinal nerve

acute

resulting from a macrotrauma

symptom

subjective information provided by an individual regarding their perception of the problem

ecchymosis

superficial issue discoloration

edema

swelling from a collection of exuded lymph fluid in interstitial tissues

Stress

the distribution of force over a given area is called

Tension, compression and shear

the fiber arrangement of the dermis enables the tissue to resist loads from

Somatic

type of pain that arises from muscle, bone, ligaments etc

break tests

type of resisted ROM test that can help to identify painful ARCS of motion

Airway, breathing, circulation

what does the ABC's stand for

encourage them to keep coughing

what should you do if someone is choking on an item and coughing ?

Acceleration and Deformation

what two potential effects occur when a force acts on an object?

upper right and lower left

whats the correct pad placement when using an AED on an adult

macrotrauma

when a single force produces an acute injury

atherosclerosis

when arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle harden and narrow

1.5 to 2 inches

when giving cpr, the chest should be compressed down about how far

AROM, PROM, RROM

when testing an athletes ROM, what is the order it should be done in?

8 to 10 minutes

when the heart stops, brain death will occur in

second degree

which degree is a strain/sprain that produced moderate discomfort, tenderness, swelling, ecchymosis, detectable joint instability, and or muscle weakness

call 911

you check the scene and the victim for conciseness but they do not respond. what do you do next?


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