Spring Final Exam Review: POHS

Which of the following types of care can be offered by a home health care agency?

speech therapy house cleaning nursing care

Which of the following does not lead to increased body temperature?

starvation or fasting

The belief that all teenagers are reckless drivers is an example of a/an ____.

stereotype

Which of the following is NOT an example of services provided by home health care agencies.

surgery

The division of the autonomic nervous system that acts in times of emergency is the ____.

sympathetic

A pulse rate over 100 beats per minute, except in children, is ____.

tachycardia

The measurement of the balance between heat produced and heat lost is ____.

temperature

A DNR order means that cardio-pulmonary resuscitation is not performed when the person stops breathing.

true

A cerebrovascular accident can be caused by an obstruction of blood flow to the brain or a hemorrhage.

true

A health care worker must have some awareness of different religious beliefs in order to care for patients in a holistic manner.

true

A patient has the right to withdraw consent at any time.

true

A principal is always responsible for the actions of an agent.

true

A pulse rate below 60 beats per minute is bradycardia.

true

A resident in a long-term care facility has the right to share a room with his or her spouse if both are residents in the facility.

true

A sphygmomanometer cuff that is too wide or too narrow will give inaccurate blood pressure readings.

true

Abuse can be physical, verbal, psychological, or sexual.

true

All individuals adopt beliefs and form a pattern of behavior based on culture, ethnicity, race, life experiences, and religion.

true

All information given to health care personnel by a patient is called privileged communication.

true

An apical pulse is frequently taken on infants or small children.

true

An organizational structure should indicate areas of responsibility and lead to the most efficient operation of a facility.

true

Associative or internuncial nerves carry both sensory and motor messages.

true

Cerebral palsy is caused by brain damage that leads to a disturbance in voluntary muscle action.

true

Culture is defined as the values, beliefs, languages, symbols, behaviors, and customs unique to a particular group of people.

true

Diagnostic related groups (DRGs) are one way Congress is trying to control costs for government insurance plans such as Medicare and Medicaid.

true

Different races are present in most ethnic groups.

true

Every effort must be made to allow an individual to express his or her beliefs, practice any religious rituals, and/or follow a special diet.

true

Every individual has and will continue to create new and changing blends of values and beliefs.

true

Family relations, child rearing, education, occupational choice, social interactions, religious beliefs, food preferences, and health care are all influenced by culture.

true

Family structure affects care of children, the sick, and the elderly.

true

Health care workers must know and follow the state laws that set standards for their profession.

true

Health department clinics offer services such as immunizations, pediatric care, and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases.

true

Hippocrates developed an organized method to observe the human body and recorded the signs and symptoms of many diseases.

true

Holistic health care promotes physical, emotional, social, intellectual, and spiritual well-being.

true

Hypertension is indicated when pressures are greater than 140 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm Hg diastolic.

true

If hypertension is not treated, it can lead to stroke, kidney disease, and/or heart disease.

true

If you note any abnormality or change in any vital sign, it is your responsibility to report this immediately to your supervisor.

true

Lack of eye contact can indicate respect.

true

Many health care professionals are now regarding the degree of pain as the fifth vital sign.

true

Modern health care advances have created some ethical dilemmas for health care providers.

true

Most patients appreciate it when a health care worker can speak even a few words of their language.

true

Neuralgia is nerve pain caused by inflammation, pressure, toxins, and other diseases.

true

Neuroprotective agents are drugs that help prevent injury to neurons.

true

No procedure should be performed if the patient does not give consent.

true

One respiration consists of one inspiration and one expiration.

true

Quadriplegia is paralysis of the arms, legs, and body below the spinal cord injury.

true

Religious beliefs can determine health care beliefs.

true

Respirations must be counted in such a way that the patient is unaware of the procedure.

true

Spinal nerves are mixed nerves, both afferent and efferent.

true

Symptoms of Parkinson's disease include tremors, stiffness, muscular rigidity, a shuffling gait, and loss of facial expression.

true

Telemedicine uses video, audio, and computer systems to provide medical and/or health care services.

true

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is concerned with the causes, spread, and control of diseases.

true

The Renaissance is often called the "rebirth of the science of medicine."

true

The health care industry employs more than 17 million workers in over 200 different health careers.

true

The nervous system enables the body to respond and adapt to changes that occur both inside and outside the body.

true

The synapse is a space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of other neurons.

true

The term clinic can refer to a group of medical or dental doctors who share a facility and other personnel.

true

Torts are wrongful acts that do not involve contracts.

true

Treatment with thrombolytic drugs during the first three hours after a cerebrovascular accident can help prevent brain damage.

true

Hollow spaces in the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid are called ____.

ventricles

The thick, tough outer covering of the brain and spinal cord is the ____.

dura mater

Difficult or labored respirations are ____.

dyspnea

A vaccination for smallpox was developed in 1796 by ____.

edward jenner

An inflammation of the brain frequently caused by a virus contracted from a mosquito bite is ____.

encephalitis

Abnormal electrical impulses in the neurons of the brain cause ____.

epilepsy

A set of principles relating to what is morally right or wrong are known as ____.

ethics

The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems work together to maintain a balanced state called ____.

homeostasis

An excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain is ____.

hydrocephalus

An example of a tort is ____.

slapping a patient

Which of the following is not a patient's right?

A patient is entitled to free care regardless of circumstances.

What government insurance program provides health care to uninsured children of working families who earn too little to afford private insurance but too much to be eligible for Medicaid?

CHIP

Which of the following is not a characteristic of culture?

Culture stays the same from generation to generation.

What is the name of the federal agency responsible for regulating food and drug products sold to the public?

Food & Drug Administration

Why do individuals maintain a better state of health under health maintenance organizations (HMOs)?

HMOs include routine examinations and preventive type health care

The Father of Medicine is ____.

Hippocrates

Which group of people is NOT covered by Medicare?

Individuals who are physically disabled or blind

What is the name of the federal agency that establishes and enforces standards that protect workers from job-related injuries and illnesses?

Occupational Safety & Health Administration

Which of the following is not a requirement of the Patient Self-Determination Act?

Provide legal defense for patients

What is the name of the health insurance plan that provides treatment for workers injured on the job?

Worker's Compensation

Any care that results in physical harm, pain, or mental anguish can lead to a charge of ____.

abuse

Sensory nerves that carry messages from all parts of the body to the brain and spinal cord are ____.

afferent

Public health and sanitation systems were first developed by the ____.

ancient romans

Which of the following is not considered one of the four main vital signs?

apical pulse

The belief that college-educated individuals are superior to uneducated individuals is an example of a/an ____.

bias

The pulse site used while taking a blood pressure is ____.

brachial

A pulse site at the neck is the ____.

carotid

The part of the brain responsible for muscle coordination, balance and posture, and muscle tone is the ____.

cerebellum

The part of the brain that is responsible for thought, reasoning, memory, speech, and voluntary body movement is the ____.

cerebrum

A nerve fiber that carries impulses toward the cell body is a/an ____.

dendrite

A long-term care facility designed to provide services to patients who need rehabilitation to recover from a major illness, treatment for cancer, dialysis for kidney disease, or heart monitoring is called a/an ____.

extended care facility

A durable power of attorney for health care can only be given to a spouse, child, or relative.

false

A patient's living will can be witnessed by his or her spouse and son or daughter.

false

A person with a legal disability has the right to form a contract.

false

A proprietary hospital is a nonprofit hospital that relies on government funding.

false

Absence or petit mal seizures cause uncontrolled muscle movements on one extremity or side of the body.

false

Battery is a threat or attempt to injure another individual, while assault includes the unlawful touching of another person without consent.

false

Blood pressure is recorded as a fraction with the diastolic pressure listed over the systolic pressure.

false

Complementary therapies are methods of treatment used in place of biomedical therapies.

false

Deductibles are amounts of money subtracted from a bill by a health care agency if a person has insurance.

false

Diastolic pressure occurs when the heart is contracting and pushing blood into the arteries.

false

Dorothea Dix founded the American Red Cross in 1881.

false

Each state has the right to establish its own eligibility standards, determine the type of services covered, and set the rate of payment for health care provided under Medicare.

false

Expressed contracts represent obligations that are understood without verbally stated terms.

false

Health care is mainly affected by criminal laws.

false

Hospitals are classified as general, specialty, or government depending on the sources of income received.

false

Hyperthermia is a low body temperature.

false

If information is on a patient's record, it can be released to other health care facilities without the patient's written consent.

false

Medicare is a medical assistance program for individuals with low incomes and individuals who are physically disabled or blind. True

false

Meningitis is treated with antibiotics and the surgical implantation of a shunt.

false

Most gestures, such as nodding the head up and down for "yes," are universal and understood by individuals throughout the world.

false

Nerves are a combination of many nerve fibers located in the brain and spinal cord.

false

Neurons contain several axons to carry messages to the cell body.

false

Orthostatic hypotension occurs when there is a sudden drop in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure when a person moves quickly from a standing to a sitting position.

false

Palliative care is care that is provided by genetic counselors when a genetic defect is detected in the developing fetus during pregnancy.

false

Paraplegia is paralysis on one side of the body and is caused by a tumor, injury, or CVA.

false

Pulse is defined as the pressure of the blood pushing against the wall of a vein as the heart beats and rests.

false

Respirations above 25 breaths per minute in an adult are orthopnea.

false

Restraining an individual or restricting an individual's freedom is invasion of privacy.

false

The ancient Romans believed in the need to treat the whole body by curing the spirit and nourishing the body.

false

The innermost membrane covering the brain and spinal cord is the arachnoid membrane.

false

The pons is responsible for reflex actions including chewing, tasting, and saliva production.

false

The somatic nervous system consists of 31 pairs of cranial nerves and 12 pairs of spinal nerves.

false

The spinal cord ends at the fourth or fifth lumbar vertebra.

false

The sympathetic nervous system slows heart rate, decreases respiration, and increases activity in the digestive tract.

false

The thalamus regulates and controls the autonomic nervous system.

false

If a patient is physically restrained without proper authorization or justification, this can lead to a charge of ____.

false improsonment

The professional education of modern nurses was started by ____.

florence nightingale

A cerebrovascular accident commonly causes ____.

hemiplegia

Permission granted voluntarily by a person who is of sound mind after a procedure and all risks involved have been explained is ____.

informed consenet

If a health care worker sends information to an insurance company without the patient's written consent, this can be ____.

invasion of privacy

A false written statement that causes a person to be ridiculed or damages the person's reputation is known as ____.

libel

A legal document that allows an individual to state what measures should or should not be taken to prolong life when a condition is terminal is a ____.

living will

If a physician fails to use a degree of skill and learning commonly expected and the person receiving care is injured, the physician can be sued for ____.

malpractice

The part of the brain that regulates heartbeat, respiration, swallowing, coughing, and blood pressure is the ____.

medulla oblontoga

The membranes covering the brain and spinal cord are the ____.

meninges

The part of the brain responsible for conducting impulses between brain parts and for certain eye and auditory reflexes is the ____.

midbrain

Failure to give care that is normally expected of a person in a particular position, resulting in injury to another person is ____.

negligence

The basic structural unit of the nervous system is the ____.

neuron

A family that consists of a mother, father, and children is an example of a/an ____.

nuclear family

Paralysis of the lower extremities is ____.

paraplegia

A chronic, progressive, disabling condition resulting from a degeneration of the myelin sheath is ____.

parkinsons disease

Cheyne-Stokes respiration describes ____.

periods of apnea and dyspnea

Which of the following is not a purpose of an organizational chart?

provides a sliding scale of responsibilities to determine salary

The most accurate method for taking a temperature is ____.

rectal

The ability to recognize and appreciate the personal characteristics of others is ____.

sensitivity

An acute inflammation of nerve cells caused by the herpes virus is ____.

shingles

A factor that does not increase blood pressure is ____.

shock