Structural Kinesiologys, Body Planes, Directional Terms
5 components to teaching/analyzing movement
1. Describing-logical/systematic a. preparatory b. Central c. Terminal 2. performing movement 3. practicing. client practices 4. observe and evaluate 5. prescribe, correct, recommend
Superolateral
Above and to the outside
Superomedial
Above and toward the midline or inside
Superior (supra)
Above in relation to another structure; higher, cephalic
Cephalic
Above in relation to another structure; superior
Distal
Away from the origin or trunk
Posterosuperior
Behind and at the upper part
Posteroinferior
Behind and below; in back and below
Posterolateral
Behind and to one side, specifcally ot the outside
Posteromedial
Behind and to the inner side
Posterior
Behind, in back, or in the rear
Inferolateral
Below and to the outside
Inferomedial
Below and toward the midline or inside
Inferior (Infra)
Below in relation to another structure; caudal
Caudal
Below in relation to another structure; inferior
Deep
Beneth or below the surface; used to describe relative depth or location of muscles or tissue
Prone
Face downward position of the body; stomach lying
Anterosuperior
In front and above
Anteroinferior
In front and below
Anteromedial
In front and to the inner side or midline
Anterolateral
In front and to the outside
Anterior
In front or in the front part
Deep
Inward from body surface; toward core
Supine
Lying on the back; face upward position of the body
Superficial
Near the surface; used to describe relative depth or location of muscles or tissue
Proximal
Nearest the trunk or the point of origin
Lateral
On or to the side; outside, farther frm the median or midsagittal plane
Ipsilateral
On the same side
Bilateral
Paired structures, one on each side
Contralateral
Pertaining or relating to the opposite side
Who Study Kinesiology
Physical therapy, athletic training, orthopedic, physical ed & personal training
Who should Study Kinesiology
Physical therapy, athletic training, orthopedic, physical ed. & personal training.
Anteroposterior
Relating to both front and rear
Volar
Relating to palm of the hand or sole of the foot
Ventral
Relating to the belly or abdomen, on or toward the front, anterior part of
Medial
Relating to the middle or center; nearer to the median or midsagittal plane
Palmar
Relating to the palm or volar aspect of the hand
Bilateral
Relating to the right and left sides of the body or of a body structure such as the right and left extremities
Median
Relating to, located in, or extending toward the middle, situated in the middle, mesial
Dorsal (dorsum)
Relating tot he back, being or located near, on, or toward the back, posterior part, or upper surface
Cardinal planes of motion 3 basic or traditional
Sagittal or Anteroposterior Plane (Median or Midsagittal) Frontal or Lateral Plane (coronal) Transverse or Horizontal Plane
Distal
Situated away from the center or midline of the body, or away from the point or origin
Contralateral
Structures on the opposite side
Ipsilateral
Structures on the same side
Reasons to Study Kinesiology
Teach safety, Study/teach gait, posture
Reasons to Study Kinesiology
Teach safety, effectiveness & efficiency Study/teach gait, posture, ergonomics, exercise movement.,
Proximal
Towards origin or tank
Superficial
Towards surface of body
Midaxillary line
a line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the apex of the armpit)
Joints
a place where bones meet and are attached to each other and to muscles. Vary in structure and function.
Retroversion
abnormal or excessive rotation backward of a structure (Alignment variation terminology)
Anteversion
abnormal or excessive rotation forward of a structure (Alignment variation terminology)
fundamental position
anatomical position except for that the palms are turned facing the body
Recurvatum
bending backward, as in knee hyperextension (Alignment variation terminology)
Coronal Plane
front and back portions (Anterior/Posterior-back) (Ventral-front, Dorsal-back)
Lordosis
increased curving of the spine inward or forward in the sagittal plane (Alignment variation terminology)
Kyphosis
increased curving of the spine outward or backward in the sagittal plane (Alignment variation terminology)
Varus
inward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint, as in bowlegs (Alignment variation terminology)
Anterior axillary line
is parallel to the mid-axillary line and passes through the anterior axillary skinfold
Scoliosis
lateral curving of the spine (Alignment variation terminology)
Sagittal Plane
left and right portions -Mid-: equal right & Left halves -Para-: unequal division
Valgus
outward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint, as in knock-knees... (Alignment variation terminology)
Posterior axillary line
parallel to the mid-axillary line and passes through the posterior axillary skinfold
posterior axillary line
parallel to the mid-axillary line and passes through the posterior axillary skinfold
Mid-inguinal point
point midway between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the pubic symphysis
mid-inguinal point
point midway between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the pubic symphysis
Plantar
relating to the sole or undersurface of the foot
Mid-clavicular line
runs vertically down the surface of the body passing through the midpoint of the clavicle
mid-clavicular line
runs vertically down the surface of the body passing through the midpoint of the clavicle
Sinister
situated to left
Dexter
situated to the right or on right side of something
Anatomical Position
standing straight, facing forward, upper limbs at side and palms facing forward.
structural kinesiology -
the story of muscles
structural kinesiology - definition
the story of muscles, bones, and joints as they are involved in the science of movement.
Definition Kinesiology
the study of human movement from 3 fields physical science. Mechanics: biomechanics Anatomy: Musculoskeletal anatomy Physiology: Neuromuscular Physiology
Transervse Plane
top and bottom portions (superior-head; inferior-feat)
Muscles
vary greatly-size, shape, and structure from one part of body to another. 600+ muscles in body. works with bones as levers to provide movement
Bones
vary in size/shape, which factors into amount and type of movement occurs between them and joints.
Planes of Motion Planes are used to describe movement, for example, when you turn your head from right to left then your nose moves in a horizontal plane. When you bend forwards and backwards from the hips, your trunk moves in a saggital plane When you lift your arm up out to the side of your body then your hand moves in a frontal plane. Planes are also used when describing sections through the body
• Imaginary two-dimensional surface through which a limb or body segment is moved • Motion through a plane revolves around an axis • There is a ninety-degree relationship between a plane of motion & its axis
