Structure of carbohydrates

What are examples of polysaccharides?

Cellulose - (B) glucose monomers joined by b 1-4 glycosidc bonds Chitin- Homopolysaccharide composed of N acetyl glucosamine by b 1-4 glycosidic bonds Amylose- (A) glucose monomers a(1-4) Glycogen- Branched, contains a1-4 and a1-6 glycosidic bonds

Test for presence of sugars

Fehling's solution (cupric ion) Glucose reduce Cu 2+ to Cu+ while being oxidised to gluconic acid Modern measurements use the enzyme glucose oxidase and measure concentration by amount of H2O2 produced reacting with the dye.

What are 3 different disaccharides?

Maltose- (A)Glucose-(B)Glucose (a 1-4 glycosidic bond) Sucrose- (A)Glucose-(B)Fructose (a 1-2 glycosidic bond) Lactose- (B)Galactose-(B)Glucose (b 1-4 glycosidic bond)

What are the 2 forms of glucose?

alpha - 1/3 beta - 2/3 They interconvert using mutarotation

What are epimers?

diastereomers that differ at exactly one chiral carbon