T3 - Ch.18, 19, 21 & 22 (Mr. Landress) [Test Prep]

(H19) 7. An alpha particle (q = 3.2 × 10−19 C) moves at a speed of 2.5 × 106 m/s perpendicular to a magnetic field of strength 2.0 × 10−4 T. What is the magnitude of the magnetic force on the particle? A. 1.6 × 10^−16 N B. −1.6 × 10^−16 N C. 4.0 × 10^−9 N D. zero

A. 1.6 × 10^−16 N

(H22) 9. What must be true in order for a nuclear reaction to happen naturally? A. The nucleus must release energy in the reaction. B. The binding energy per nucleon must decrease in the reaction. C. The binding energy per nucleon must increase in the reaction. D. There must be an input of energy to cause the reaction.

A. The nucleus must release energy in the reaction.

(H21) 9. What type of spectrum is created by applying a high potential difference to a pure atomic gas? A. an emission spectrum B. an absorption spectrum C. a continuous spectrum D. a visible spectrum

A. an emission spectrum

(H21) 3. According to Einstein's photon theory of light, what does the intensity of light shining on a metal determine? A. the number of photons hitting the metal in a given time interval B. the energy of photons hitting the metal C. whether or not photoelectrons will be emitted D. KEmax of emitted photoelectrons

A. the number of photons hitting the metal in a given time interval

(H18) 3. Which of the circuit elements contribute to the load of the circuit? A. Only A B. A and B, but not C C. Only C D. A, B, and C

B. A and B, but not C

(H21) 5. Which of the following summarizes Thomson's model of the atom? A. Atoms are hard, uniform, indestructible spheres. B. Electrons are embedded in a sphere of positive charge. C. Electrons orbit the nucleus in the same way that planets orbit the sun. D. Electrons exist only at discrete energy levels.

B. Electrons are embedded in a sphere of positive charge.

(H18) 5. Which of the following is the correct equation for the current in the resistor? A. I = IA +IB + IC B. IB = △V/Req C. IB = Itotal + IA D. IB = △V/RB

B. IB = △V/Req

(H22) 11. Which of the following choices does not correctly match a fundamental interaction with its mediating particles? A. strong: gluons B. electromagnetic: electrons C. weak: W and Z bosons D. gravitational: gravitons

B. electromagnetic: electrons

(H19) 3. If you are standing at Earth's magnetic north pole and holding a bar magnet that is free to rotate in three dimensions, which direction will the south pole of the magnet point? A. straight up B. straight down C. parallel to the ground, toward the north D. parallel to the ground, toward the south

B. straight down

(H19) 11. What is the direction of the force on wire 2 as a result of B1? A. to the left B. to the right C. into the page D. out of the page

B. to the right

(H22) 5. A nuclear reaction of major historical note took place in 1932, when a beryllium target was bombarded with alpha particles. Analysis of the experiment showed that the following reaction took place: 4/2 He + 9/4 Be → 12/6 C + X. What is X in this reaction? A. 0/1 e B. −0/−1 p C. 1/0 n D. 1/1 p

C. 1/0 n

(H21) 7. What is the frequency of the photon emitted when an electron jumps from E5 to E2? A. 2.86 eV B. 6.15 × 10^14 Hz C. 6.90 × 10^14 Hz D. 4.31 × 10^33 H

C. 6.90 × 10^14 Hz

Use the following passage to answer questions 9-11. Six light bulbs are connected in parallel to a 9.0 V battery. Each bulb has a resistance of 3.0 Ω. (H18) 9. What is the potential difference across each bulb? A. 1.5 V B. 3.0 V C. 9.0 V D. 27 V

C. 9.0 V

(H21) 11. What is the speed of a proton (m = 1.67 × 10−27 kg) with a de Broglie wavelength of 4.00 × 10−14 m? A. 1.59 × 10^−30 m/s B. 1.01 × 10^−7 m/s C. 9.93 × 10^6 m/s D. 1.01 × 10^7 m/s

C. 9.93 × 10^6 m/s

(H22) 1. Which of the following statements correctly describes a nucleus with the symbol 14 6C? A. It is the nucleus of a cobalt atom with eight protons and six neutrons. B. It is the nucleus of a carbon atom with eight protons and six neutrons. C. It is the nucleus of a carbon atom with six protons and eight neutrons. D. It is the nucleus of a carbon atom with six protons and fourteen neutrons.

C. It is the nucleus of a carbon atom with six protons and eight neutrons.

(H19) 5. How will the electron move once it passes into the magnetic field? A. It will curve to the right and then continue moving in a straight line to the right. B. It will curve to the left and then continue moving in a straight line to the left. C. It will move in a clockwise circle. D. It will move in a counterclockwise circle.

C. It will move in a clockwise circle.

(H19) 1. Which of the following statements best describes the domains in unmagnetized iron? A. There are no domains. B. There are domains, but the domains are smaller than in magnetized iron. C. There are domains, but the domains are oriented randomly. D. There are domains, but the domains are not magnetized.

C. There are domains, but the domains are oriented randomly.

(H18) 1. Which of the following is the correct term for a circuit that does not have a closed-loop path for electron flow? A. closed circuit B. dead circuit C. open circuit D. short circuit

C. open circuit

(H18) 11. What is the total current in the circuit? A. 0.5 A B. 3.0 A C. 4.5 A D. 18 A

D. 18 A

(H22) 7. A sample of organic material is found to contain 18 g of carbon-14. Based on samples of pottery found at a dig, investigators believe the material is about 23 000 years old. The half-life of carbon-14 is 5715 years. Estimate what percentage of the material's carbon-14 has decayed. A. 4.0% B. 25% C. 75% D. 94%

D. 94%

(H18) 7. Which of the following is the correct equation for the current in resistor B? A . I = IA + IB + IC B. IB = △V/Req C. IB = Itotal + IA D. IB = △VB/RB

D. IB = △VB/RB

(H19) 9. What is the direction of the magnetic force on the wire? A. north B. south C. up, away from Earth D. down, toward Earth

D. down, toward Earth

(H21) 1. What is another word for "quantum of light"? A. blackbody radiation B. energy level C. frequency D. photon

D. photon

(H22) 3. What kind of force holds protons and neutrons together in a nucleus? A. electric force B. gravitational force C. binding force D. strong force

D. strong force

(H21) 12. What does Heisenberg's uncertainty principle state? F. It is impossible to simultaneously measure a particle's position and momentum with infinite accuracy. G. It is impossible to measure both a particle's position and its momentum. H. The more accurately we know a particle's position, the more accurately we know the particle's momentum. J. All measurements are uncertain.

F. It is impossible to simultaneously measure a particle's position and momentum with infinite accuracy.

(H18) 4. Which of the following is the correct equation for the equivalent resistance of the circuit? F. Req = RA + RB G. 1/Req = 1/RA + 1/RB H. Req = I△V J. 1/Req = 1/RA + 1/RB + 1/RC

F. Req = RA + RB

(H22) 4. What type of nuclear decay most often produces the greatest mass loss? F. alpha decay G. beta decay H. gamma decay J. All of the above produce the same mass loss.

F. alpha decay

8. The half-life of radium-228 is 5.76 years. At some instant, a sample contains 2.0 × 10^9 nuclei. Calculate the decay constant and the activity of the sample. F. l = 3.81 × 10^−9 s^−1 ; activity = 2.1 × 10^−10 Ci G. l = 3.81 × 10^−9 s^−1 ; activity = 7.8 Ci H. l = 0.120 s^−1 ; activity = 6.5 × 10^−3 Ci J. l = 2.6 × 10^8 s^−1 ; activity = 1.4 × 10^7 Ci

F. l = 3.81 × 10^−9 s^−1 ; activity = 2.1 × 10^−10 Ci

(H19) 6. What will be the magnitude of the force on the electron once it passes into the magnetic field? F. qvB G. −qvB H. qv/B J. BIl

F. qvB

(H22) 12. What is the charge of a baryon containing one up quark (u) and two down quarks (d)? F. −1 G. 0 H. +1 J. +2

G. 0

Use the passage below to answer questions 8-9. A wire 25 cm long carries a 12 A current from east to west. Earth's magnetic field at the wire's location has a magnitude of 4.8 × 10−5 T and is directed from south to north. (H19) 8. What is the magnitude of the magnetic force on the wire? F. 2.3 × 10^−5 N G. 1.4 × 10^−4 N H. 2.3 × 10^−3 N J. 1.4 × 10^−2 N

G. 1.4 × 10^−4 N

(H18) 10. What is the current in each bulb? F. 0.5 A G. 3.0 A H. 4.5 A J. 18 A

G. 3.0 A

(H18) 8. Three 2.0 Ω resistors are connected in series to a 12 V battery. What is the potential difference across each resistor? F. 2.0 V G. 4.0 V H. 12 V J. 36 V

G. 4.0 V

(H21) 8. What frequency of photon would be absorbed when an electron jumps from E2 to E3 ? F. 1.89 eV G. 4.56 × 10^14 Hz H. 6.89 × 10^14 Hz J. 2.85 × 10^33 Hz

G. 4.56 × 10^14 Hz

(H21) 4. An X-ray photon is scattered by a stationary electron. How does the frequency of this scattered photon compare to its frequency before being scattered? F. The new frequency is higher. G. The new frequency is lower. H. The frequency stays the same. J. The scattered photon has no frequency.

G. The new frequency is lower.

(H19) 2. Which of the following statements is most correct? F. The north pole of a freely rotating magnet points north because the magnetic pole near the geographic North Pole is like the north pole of a magnet. G. The north pole of a freely rotating magnet points north because the magnetic pole near the geographic North Pole is like the south pole of a magnet. H. The north pole of a freely rotating magnet points south because the magnetic pole near the geographic South Pole is like the north pole of a magnet. J. The north pole of a freely rotating magnet points south because the magnetic pole near the geographic South Pole is like the south pole of a magnet.

G. The north pole of a freely rotating magnet points north because the magnetic pole near the geographic North Pole is like the south pole of a magnet.

(H21) 10. What type of spectrum is used to identify elements in the atmospheres of stars? F. an emission spectrum G. an absorption spectrum H. a continuous spectrum J. a visible spectrum

G. an absorption spectrum

(H22) 10. Which is the weakest of the four fundamental interactions? F. electromagnetic G. gravitational H. strong J. weak

G. gravitational

(H21) 2. According to classical physics, when a light illuminates a photosensitive surface, what should determine how long it takes before electrons are ejected from the surface? F. frequency G. intensity H. photon energy J. wavelength

G. intensity

(H22) 2. One unified mass unit (u) is equivalent to a rest mass of 1.66 × 10^−27 kg. What is the equivalent rest energy in joules? F. 8.27 × 10^−46 J G. 4.98 × 10^−19 J H. 1.49 × 10^−10 J J. 9.31 × 10^8 J

H. 1.49 × 10^−10 J

(H22) 6. What fraction of a radioactive sample has decayed after two half-lives have elapsed? F. 1/4 G. 1/2 H. 3/4 J. The whole sample has decayed.

H. 3/4

(H21) 6. What happens when an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level in an atom? F. Energy is absorbed from a source outside the atom. G. The energy contained in the electromagnetic field inside the atom increases. H. Energy is released across a continuous range of values. J. A photon is emitted with energy equal to the difference in energy between the two levels.

J. A photon is emitted with energy equal to the difference in energy between the two levels.

(H19) 12. What is the magnitude of the magnetic force on wire 2? F. B1 I1 l1 G. B1 I1 l2 H. B1 I2 l2 J. B2 I2 l2

J. B2 I2 l2

(H18) 6. Which of the following is the correct equation for the equivalent resistance of the circuit? F. Req = RA + RB + RC G. I/Req = 1/RA + 1/RB + 1/RC H. Req = I△V J. Req = RA + (1/RB + 1/RC)^-1

J. Req = RA + (1/RB + 1/RC)^-1

(H19) 4. How can you increase the strength of a magnetic field inside a solenoid? F. increase the number of coils per unit length G. increase the current H. place an iron rod inside the solenoid J. all of the above

J. all of the above

(H19) 10. What is the direction of the magnetic field B1 at the location of wire 2? F. to the left G. to the right H. into the page J. out of the page

J. out of the page

(H18) 2. Which of the following is the correct term for a circuit in which the load has been unintentionally bypassed? F. closed circuit G. dead circuit H. open circuit J. short circuit

J. short circuit