Test 1
Which of the following managers is using big data in decision making?
A large retailer uses software to adjust prices in real time for 70+ million items based on demand and inventory
The task of organizing includes what activities?
Arranging and structuring work.
__________ refers to the concept that many managers lack the time and the ability to process all of the alternatives to solve a problem.
Bounded rationality
"My way or the highway" would best describe which technique to manage resistance to change?
Coercion
Which of the following is more essential to higher level managers then to lower level managers?
Conceptual Skills
Andrew goes to the office supply store and talks to a sales representative, who shows him several copiers that can meet his needs. Which step of the decision-making process does this represent?
Developing alternatives
A manager's job performance is quantified by evaluating efficiency and effectiveness because
Effectiveness and efficiency go hand in hand, and a good manager accomplishes both.
Management involves ensuring that work activities are completed by the people who are responsible for doing them. This goal is best facilitated by performing work in a way that is
Efficient and Effective
In the changing workforce, ____ play(s) a big role in customer satisfaction.
Employee attitudes and behaviors.
More people will buy ground beef advertised as "80% lean" instead of "20% fat" even though the meaning is the same. Which decision-making bias does this reflect?
Framing bias
To improve your political skills at work, you should
Gain control of organizational resources.
Which statement about studying management is most likely true?
Management is universally needed in all organizations.
Which of the following statements is most likely true about the work that managers do?
Managerial duties may be assigned to a team member who does not hold the title of manager.
Which of the following statements about managers within an organization is most likely true?
Managers also play an important role in the success of nontraditional organizations such as political campaigns and music tours.
How do manager responsibilities differ from non-managerial responsibilities?
Managers must coordinate and oversee the work of non-managerial employees.
Which statement is true about the changing nature of management?
Managers realize the high-quality customer service is essential to organizational success in today's competitive environment and that employees are an important part of the equation.
Although it is possible to differentiate between managers and non-managerial employees in many organizations, what has changed in the recent past to blur those lines?
Many traditional non-managerial jobs have changed to include managerial activities.
Before bringing the new computer system online, HD Marketing formed a committee of employees from each of the major departments impacted by the change and asked for their input, suggestions, and assistance. Which technique for reducing resistance to change does this best describe?
Participation
Which of the following best describes the reason to study management even if your career plans are not to become a manager?
Studying management is important to maximizing efficiency, productivity, employee satisfaction, and personal success.
A company's ability to achieve its business goals and increase long-term shareholder value by integrating economic, environmental, and social opportunities into its business strategies is known as
Sustainability
Which of the following is a true statement about the changing nature of modern management?
Taking risks, exploring new territories, and trying new methods are innovative tactics that management can use to be more successful in the marketplace.
In an organization, what is the most important factor in employee productivity and loyalty?
The quality of the relationship between an employee and a direct supervisor.
Which statement is most likely true concerning the official activities and roles of senior managers?
The roles of disseminator, negotiator, and liaison are most important for senior managers.
Managers are a critical part of any successful organization because
They use their skills and knowledge to move the organization forward towards established goals.
Which of the following best describes the controlling function identified by Henri Fayol?
To ensure goals are met and work is completed as it should be, managers monitor and evaluate performance. Actual performance is compared with the set goals.
What is considered the essence of a manager?
To oversee the work of other people so organizational goals can be accomplished.
In making decisions, global managers need to consider the values, beliefs and attitudes of the people involved. Which guideline for effective decision making does this represent?
Understand cultural differences
Under which of the following circumstances would manipulation and co-optation be an appropriate technique for managing resistance to change?
When a powerful group's endorsement is needed
Which of the following is true of creativity?
a creative organization develops unique ways of working or novel solutions to problems
Whenever Gabriela needs to book a hotel room in an unfamiliar city, she always stays at a Marriott, because she's familiar with the brand. This is an example of ________.
a heuristic
Managers who use facts, logic, and rational thinking to guide their decisions and actions are using _______.
a linear thinking style
Alberto is a manager who trusts his hunches when making decisions. He is more apt to follow his instincts than use facts or data. This is an example of _______.
a nonlinear thinking style
The gap between an existing state and a desired state is referred to as _______.
a problem
A manager can make the most accurate decision under a situation of _______ because the outcome of every alternative is known.
certainty
A person who acts as a catalyst and assumes the responsibility for managing the change process is referred to as a(n) ________.
change agent
Which of the following would be considered an external force for change?
changing consumer needs and desires
Factors that are important or relevant to resolving a problem are referred to as _______.
decision criteria
Instead of identifying and evaluating alternatives with logic and deductive reasoning, a manager using _______ would try to envision and entertain new and innovative solutions to a problem.
design thinking
A small IT firm that is challenging larger competitors and changing the industry's rules of the game is engaged in ________.
disruptive innovation
In Kurt Lewin's three-step change process, organizations are pushed toward change by ________.
driving forces
Which technique of reducing resistance to change involves helping employees see the logic of the change effort?
education and communication
Heidi is the marketing manager at a large winery. The expensive ad campaign she planned has flopped so far, but instead of scrapping it and trying something else, Heidi decides to invest more money in the campaign and run ads in even more publications. This is an example of ________.
escalation of commitment
The saying, "Throwing good money after bad," meaning that you continue to waste money on a losing proposition, best describes __________.
escalation of commitment
The data-driven, systematic use of the best available facts and information to improve management practice is referred to as:
evidence-based management (EBMgt)
The focus of ________ is to minimize or eliminate dysfunctional conflict that exists between groups by changing the attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions that groups have about each other.
intergroup development
________ is/are pressures created by other employees.
interpersonal demands
Alicia is convinced that she can tell more about a job applicant in a 5-minute interview than through pre-employment tests or reference checks and insists that her gut instincts are never wrong. Alicia is using _______.
intuitive decision making
Gannon Enterprises is in the midst of a major strategic change. To lessen resistance from some of the senior managers who are opposed to the change, the company has offered early retirements so that the managers can avoid having to experience the change effort. Which technique for reducing resistance to change does this best describe?
negotiation
Cashiers at the supermarket are allowed to adjust the price of an item up to a maximum of $5.00 without getting the manager's approval. This would best be described as a(n) _______.
policy
In order to make exchanges or returns at a clothing retailer, customer service representatives must follow an established series of steps, such as checking the receipt, inspecting the item for damage, and issuing a store credit. This is an example of a(n) _______.
procedure
The office manager has to place another order for copy paper, so he checks the office supply company's website to see if either of his preferred brands is on sale before placing the order. This is an example of a(n) _______.
programmed decision
Laura is a new physician in a busy clinic. She wants to spend enough time with her patients to fully understand their health concerns. However, she is required to see 30 patients per day, so she can spend no more than 10dash-15 minutes with each one. Laura is frustrated and is experiencing ________.
role conflict
A sign in the college bookstore states that students can return a textbook only if it is still shrink-wrapped and returned within the first 10 days of the semester. This is an example of a(n) _______.
rule
After looking at several copiers, Andrew decides to buy one. He knows other models might be available elsewhere, but he doesn't have time to keep looking, and the one he is buying seems to meet his needs. This is an example of _______.
satisficing
When Steve Jobs created a separate and autonomous unit at Apple to develop the Macintosh computer, he was using ________.
skunk works
_______ is an adverse reaction that people have to excessive pressure placed on them from extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities.
stress
Tayler's company has announced that, due to the poor economy, it will lay off 20% of the workforce by the end of the month. This announcement is the ________ that creates ________.
stressor; stress
Which metaphor about organizational change assumes that change consists of occasional disruptions that must be dealt with, but then things can continue under the new changed situation?
the calm waters metaphor
Managers who weigh their first impression of an applicant more heavily than information received later in the interview are experiencing ________.
the confirmation bias
Alberto is a manager who tends to think he knows more than he does. He is most likely exhibiting ________.
the overconfidence bias
The fact that managers are needed in all types and sizes of organizations, at all organizational levels and work areas, and in all global locations is known as ________.
the universality of management
The metaphor about organizational change that assumes that change is normal and expected and managing it is a continual process is known as ________.
the white water rapids metaphor
Caitlyn has always been a hard-driving, competitive person. She walks fast, talks fast, eats fast, and gets angry fast. Caitlyn would likely be described as exhibiting what type of personality?
type A personality
In Rob's position at Medco Pharmaceuticals, he is responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing organizational goals. Which of the following is most likely Rob's title at Medco?
Executive Vice President
Although the merger between Gray Enterprises and Horack Manufacturing is expected to be a "win-win" that will increase both companies' market share and save jobs, employees are fearful because they don't know what to expect. Which technique would be most useful in overcoming their resistance to change?
Facilitation and support
What is the first step in the decision-making process?
Identify a problem
Andrew must buy a new office copier. He lists the features the copier must have, such as a built-in scanner, color copying, and an automatic document feeder, along with how much he can spend. Which step of the decision-making process does this represent?
Identifying decision criteria
Which of the following is the most valuable take-away from studying management?
Learning to apply management theory in a variety of situations.
Which of the following is most likely true about management?
Poor management usually involves being inefficient and ineffective.
In which type of organizational development (OD) does an outside consultant help the manager understand how interpersonal processes affect the way work is done?
Process Consultation
Which is the last step of Kurt Lewin's change process model?
Refreezing
Which decision-making bias refers to a decision maker's tendency to assess how likely something is to happen or how closely it resembles other events or sets of events?
Representation bias
Jamie is frustrated with the group project in her management class. Her team hasn't met to figure out who will do which portion of the project, and no timelines have been established. This situation best illustrates ________.
Role ambiguity
Which of the following best describes the activities that managers exhibit when serving interpersonal roles?
Serving as a figurehead or liaison.
An idea champion is best described as an ________.
an individual who actively and enthusiastically supports new ideas, builds support, overcomes resistance, and ensures that innovations are implemented
Which of the following is considered a structural variable that positively impacts an organization's innovation?
an organic type structure
Brandi's Bakery has received its first major commercial order, and the owner needs to determine if she can fill this order on her own or if she needs to hire an employee. This is an example of _______.
an unstructured problem