The Cell Membrane, Osmosis and Tenacity and Passive and Active transport

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Passive transport

Requires NO energy, Movement of molecules from high to low concentration EX: Diffusion and Osmosis

The cell membrane is made of

phospholipid bilayer, proteins, carbohydrates, cholesterol

Cholesterol

provides flexibility and strength

In a hypertonic solution animal cells..

shrink or crenate

Isotonic solutions

solutions with with equal concentration on each side of the membrane Neither gains or lose water

tugid

swollen (happens in a plant cell)

rate of diffusion depends on

temp, concentration, and pressure

What is a hypertonic solution?

the cell has a higher concentration (less Water)

Tonicity

the measure of solute concentration on either side of the membrane

Diffusion

the spreading out of particles

Endocytosis

the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.

What is a hypotonic solution?

when the cell concentration is lower

Solvent

A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

Solute

A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Proteins

Add function

active transport

Energy-requiring process, moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference, goes from low to high EX: Carrier Proteins

What happens to an animal cell in a hypotonic solution?

It swells and bursts

In a hypertonic solution plant cells..

Maintain shape but the membrane brakes away from the cell wall and shrinks

facilitated diffusion

Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels

Exocytosis

Process by which a cell releases large amounts of material

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

The cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell

What happens to a plant cell in a hypotonic solution?

The membrane pushes up against the cel wall

Carbohydrates

They recognize the molecules (Mostly carbs)

protein carriers

Used to help in the process of Active Transport.

dynamic equilibrium

a state of balance between to sides of the membrane

Phagocytosis

cell taking in large particles

Pinocytosis

cell taking in water

concentration gradient

difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another

Osmosis

diffusion of water

phospolipid bilayer

double layer of phospholipids


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