The Cell Membrane, Osmosis and Tenacity and Passive and Active transport
Passive transport
Requires NO energy, Movement of molecules from high to low concentration EX: Diffusion and Osmosis
The cell membrane is made of
phospholipid bilayer, proteins, carbohydrates, cholesterol
Cholesterol
provides flexibility and strength
In a hypertonic solution animal cells..
shrink or crenate
Isotonic solutions
solutions with with equal concentration on each side of the membrane Neither gains or lose water
tugid
swollen (happens in a plant cell)
rate of diffusion depends on
temp, concentration, and pressure
What is a hypertonic solution?
the cell has a higher concentration (less Water)
Tonicity
the measure of solute concentration on either side of the membrane
Diffusion
the spreading out of particles
Endocytosis
the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.
What is a hypotonic solution?
when the cell concentration is lower
Solvent
A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
Solute
A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Proteins
Add function
active transport
Energy-requiring process, moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference, goes from low to high EX: Carrier Proteins
What happens to an animal cell in a hypotonic solution?
It swells and bursts
In a hypertonic solution plant cells..
Maintain shape but the membrane brakes away from the cell wall and shrinks
facilitated diffusion
Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels
Exocytosis
Process by which a cell releases large amounts of material
What is the main function of the cell membrane?
The cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell
What happens to a plant cell in a hypotonic solution?
The membrane pushes up against the cel wall
Carbohydrates
They recognize the molecules (Mostly carbs)
protein carriers
Used to help in the process of Active Transport.
dynamic equilibrium
a state of balance between to sides of the membrane
Phagocytosis
cell taking in large particles
Pinocytosis
cell taking in water
concentration gradient
difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another
Osmosis
diffusion of water
phospolipid bilayer
double layer of phospholipids