The nurse is planning care for a patient with RA and a history of CKD who reports increased pain from acute flare-ups. which intervention would the nurse provide?
Mode of transmission what are they
contact, droplets, airborne
Cylinder duration(minutes)
cylinder(PSIG) * conversion factor/flow 3.14(H/K) or .28(E)
laplace's law
describes the pressure-volume relationships of spheres
this is a E cylinder, what is safety system
diameter index safety system THis is a E cylinder factor .28 the cylinder on left side.
Obligate transmission
disease occurs after transmission of the microorganism. (droplet nucei). an example of obligate transmission is TB.
Poiseulle's law describes
flow will increase in response to an increased p and tube radius adn decrease in response to an increased tube length and fluid viscosity.
henerys law
gas that is dissolved in a liquid in proportional, to the partial pressure of the gas outside of the liquid.
agonal respirations
gasping respirations or agonal breathing is abnormal. breathing charaterized by gasping, labored breathing. EXTREME HYPOXIA.
what are examples of formite
inanimate objects that may seveerly tansfer pathogens from one to another
Kussmaul's breathing
increase depth(hyperpnea) and rate of breathing. this ventilary pattern causes PAco2 and Paco, associated with DIabetic acidosis.
what is health care associated infection
infections that develop in a patient during the course of medical treatment. 4% of patients admitted develop this. c an be community and hospital onset.
grams law
inversely proportinal molecular weight, diffusion alveoli air sacks in the lungs, delivery oxygen to the blood and co2 out of the capillaries.
preferential transmission
measles is an example, natural infection results from multiple routes,
opportunistic transmission
microorganims that cause disease but under certain enviornment conditions.
what is contact transmission
most common, divided into two direct indirect
Rule of four apples to
nasal cannula
pressure regulating devices
one stage=reducing valve drops the pressure to its working level, it is affordable to use. multi-stage=valve drops the pressure in two or more stages
daltons law
total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures.
droplet transmission
usually more than 3 feet through the air. discharges large droplets, coughing/sneezing, or talking
Routes of transmission
vector, vehicle, formite
gay-lousac law
voluem, pressure increase temperature also increases
charles law
volume goes up, pressure goes up
Non Rebreather Mask
FIO2= 60-80 Flow Rate= Minimum is 10, Heliox Only no set flow rate
Dyspnea
difficulty breathing
Nasal Cannula
FIO2=22-44 L/M=1-6
Oxygen
Green cylinder/white cylinder
REIT what does the nmonic for
LUNG capacities
What are the lung capacities. And the formulas
FRC=ERV +RV VC=IRV + VT + ERV IC= IRV + VT TLC=ERV+RV+VT+IRV
OXYMask
Fio2= 24-90 minmun is 1l/m not a high flow device, replaces simple mask
heliiox
Brown shoulder/ green
what is the problem with large nebulizer or small nebulizer in terms of bacteria.
Can produce bacteria aerosis.
What does the Paid TV Can be good nmonic mean
Charles law=pressure BOyles Law= Temperature Gay LUsssacc's law= Volume
wwhat is the problem with vents and circuits?
Circuits pose greatest risk for infection.
Nasal cannula high flow
FIO2 21 to 100 Flow Rate 0-60
Transtrachael catheter
FIO2= 22-35 flowrate=.2-4 L/M
LOX formulas what are they
Gas Remaining 1L of liquid oxygen (860)/2.5 Duration of content(MIn) Gas remaining/flow
CO2
Grey cylinder
Airborne Transmission
Occurs via spread of airborne droplets. can remain in air for lung periods.
Which masks we do not use.
Partial rebreather mask FIO2= 40-70 Flow Rate: 6-10 L/m
boyes law
Temperature, when volume goes up, temperature goes down
This is a H/K cylinder , what is safety system.
This is a H/K cylinder , american safety system convertion factor:3.14 for H syslinder
flow regulating devices
Thorbe tubes 2 types, pressure compensated accuracy not affected by changes in back pressure. gas flows at supply pressure of 50 psi. typical flow rate 1-15 pressure uncompensated: back pressure is going to work its way up the tube. NOT COMMON bourdone gauge:pressure guage. bourdone guage is not gravity depended.
Nitric oxide
Till color cylinder
orthopnea
a condition which an individual is able to breath most comfortably only in the upright.
Air entrainment, how does it work
air entrainment Big Jet, slower velocity, increase lateral pressure, less air entrained, more FIO2, Less flow to PT Small Jet, greater Velocity, decrease lateral pressure, more air entrained, less FIO2, More flow to PT
the major barriers of alveolar-capillary
alveolar-capillary
how do you kill bacteria; how do you inhibit growth of bacteria
bactericidal, bacterostatic
Nitrogen
black cylinder
helium
brown cylinder
examples of sources for Health care associated infection
patients, personnel, or vistors contaminated medical equipment, clothes medications.
This is a E cylinder, what is safety system
pin index safety system This is a E cylinder factor=.28
bourdone gauge
pressure guage
expiration accessory muscles
rectus abdominus transversal obliques abdominus obliques internal intercostal obliques
inspiration accessory muscles
scalten sternomastecloid externamal intercostal muscles trapezius pectoralis major
what are examples of vehicles
shigellosis cholera
what are the three elements must be present
source of pathogens, route of transmission for pathogens, a susceptilbe host.
hookes law
spring recoil, elastace
Cheyne-stokes breathing
ten to 30 seconds of apnea (no breathing) gradual increase in volume and frequency of breathing. followed by graudal decrease in the volume of breathing until another apnea occurs.
what are examples of vectors
ticks and mites, mosquitos, fleas, think of dog
