The skeletal system chp. 6 exercise
compression fracture
caused by bone surfaces being forced against each other
splintered, crushed fracture
comminuted
Dense bone tissue that is the hard outer shell of the bone is known as _____
compact bone
A knucklelike projection at the end of a bone.
condyle
complete fracture
a break that extends through the entire thickness of the bone
DEXA
dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
malignant bone tumor in young adults
ewings
one side broken; other side bent
greenstick
Blood cell formation occurs in the
bone marrow
Mature bone cells
osteocytes
The medical term for an abnormal lateral (sideward) curvature of a portion of the spine to the left or the to the right is:
scoliosis
clubfoot
talipes
TMJ
temporomandibular joint
comminuted fracture
the force is so great that the bone is splintered or crushed
impacted fracture
the force of the break causes the broken end of the smaller bone to be jammed into the broken end of the larger bone
trochanter
the large bony process located below the neck of the femur; for muscle
The main shaft-like portion of the bone is the
diaphysis
A layer of cartilage that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of a bone is the:
epiphyseal line
When the skeletal growth is complete, the ______ will not show up on X-ray.
epiphyseal line
The end of a bone
epiphysis
The type of rib pairs 11 and 12 that connect to the vertebrae in the back but are free of any attachment in the front.
floating
A hole in the bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass
foramen
tuberosity
an elevated, broad, rounded process of bone, usually for muscle or tendon attachment
A hollow or concave depression in a bone is called a _____.
fossa
sinus
an opening or hollow space in a bone
Fx
fracture
Compact bone has a system of small canals that contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves. These canals are called the ______ canals.
haversian
low blood calcium level
hypo/calc/emia
open fracture
a break in the bone and an open wound in the skin
closed fracture
a break in the bone but no open wound in the skin
neck
a constricted or narrow section that connects with the head
crest
a distinct border or ridge; an upper, elevated edge
fissure
a groove or depression in a bone
foramen
a hole within a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass
fossa
a hollow or shallow concave depression in a bone
condyle
a knuckle-like projection at the end of a bone
hairline fracture
a minor fracture; the bone stays in perfect alignment; X-ray shows a small, thin line at the site of the fracture (also called stress fracture)
pertaining to the acetabulum
acetabul/ar
C1, C2, C3...
cervical vertebra 1,2,3, etc.
fracture with no open wound
closed
pertaining to the cartilage and the ribs
costo/chondr/al
incision into the skull
crani/otomy
pertaining to between the vertebrae
inter/vertebr/al
A flat, circular, platelike structure of cartilage that serves as a cushion (or shock absorber) between the vertebrae is known as _____.
intervertebral disk
The medical term for an abnormal curvature of a portion of the spine, commonly known as humpback or hunchback, is:
kyphosis
humpback
kyphosis
The medical term for an abnormal outward curvature of a portion of the spine, commonly known as a swayback, is:
lordosis
swayback
lordosis
pertaining to the jaw bone
mandibul/ar
Colles' fracture
occurs at the lower end of the radius, within 1 inch of the wrist
pathological fracture
occurs when a bone is weakened by a preexisting disease
greenstick fracture
one side of the bone is broken and the other side is bent; an incomplete fracture
The conversion of fibrous connective tissue and cartilage into bone or bony substance is known as _____.
ossification
a benign tumor of a bone
oste/oma
softening of the bone tissue
osteo/malacia
_________ are the immature bone cells that are actively producing bony tissue that replaces cartilage.
osteoblasts
_________ are large cells that digest (or absorb) bony tissue, helping to hollow out the central portion of the bone.
osteoclasts
A mature bone cell is called an ______.
osteocytes
A disease in which the bones become abnormally soft due to a deficiency of calcium and phosphorus in the blood is known as ____.
osteomalacia
inflammation of the bone and marrow
osteomyelitis
A disease characterized by bones that were once strong becoming fragile due to loss of bone density is called:
osteoporosis
loss of bone density; brittle bones
osteoporosis
The ______ is the thick white fibrous membrane that covers the surface of the long bones.
periosteum
inflammation of the spinal column
rach/itis
lateral curvature of spinal column
scoliosis
The type of irregular bones imbedded in tendons near a joint, as in a kneecap.
sesamoid
Bones that are longer than they are wide and with distinctive-shaped ends, such as the femur, are known as _____.
short bones
A sharp projection from the surface of a bone, similar to a crest.
spine
pertaining to below the sternum
sub/stern/al
Immovable joints, such as those of the cranium
sutures
The large bony process located below the neck of the femur
trochanter
The large bony process located below the neck of the femur is the ____.
trochanter
The first seven pairs of the ribs that connect to the vertebrae in the back and to the sternum in the front
true ribs
spine
a sharp projection from the surface of a bone, similar to a crest; used for muscle attachment
